What is a PCAP file? Key word there is Packet. But you want to go lower than Layer 3... So your question is can you get to those Layer 2 frames from data in a PCAP file? If the capture was made with Wireshark, you can filter the capture down to individual MAC frames where you can see the the encrypted contents. If the PCAP was captured in some other way, I'm not sure if that level of detail would be there. Perahps someone with more experience can provide a better answer around different tools and their ability to go down to individual frames.

Thanks for your kind words. While I am trying to give back to the community, the truth is that I do these videos as much for myself as I do for others. I’ve always heard that when you learn something new, you should teach it right away to someone else. I hope that my presentation style resonates with at least some people, and they get some value out of it. If nothing else, I’ve practiced speaking on these topics and helped myself out.

@@phil.anderson thanks sir, thanks a lot

Wireless is a transmission medium that uses radio waves. WiFi as an example, only uses certain frequencies on the medium, so you can think about it as being broadband, although honestly I don't know that this kind of mixing comes up too often.... At least not in the circles I know of.

Let's think about that question a bit and tear it down... MACSec is a layer 2 thing... but a TCP/IP network, in a more overall sense, is also operating at layer 3 so that when that layer 2 frame hits the local router and gets decrypted, that device can know where the layer 3 packet that was encapsulated within that frame needs to go. So yes, things work together, but the technology of MACSec is working at layer 2 before it moves up the OSI model and gets out over the network at the higher levels. Think about a dumb switch... It works at layer 2 to figure out where to move frames. What is inside those frames doesn't matter to the dumb switch because it only cares about the MAC address and what port to move the frame to. If our switch becomes a little smarter, we can start using encryption to ensure that nothing listening between the endpoint and our smarter switch can see the entire frame. Maybe more importantly, frames between the smarter switch to the local router can be encrypted, again making sure all the frames have encryption to protect data while it is still moving around inside our LAN. If protecting data in motion is very important at the LAN level, this solves many security concerns about data moving in an unencrypted way.

I can honestly say I've never come across the term "safe operational". Maybe that is a vendor or organization specific term? I would stick with the common terminology used, so if that is a phrase you have encountered somewhere, I would ask what the actually means. The common terms are fairly universal, something more specific like "safe operational" I would imagine means something fairly specific to those that use it.

Remember the key idea is that we are either using the entire medium or just part of it... So in the three mediums you mention, we are using only a part of the medium - a certain frequency range. This is how we get multiple "channels", so very easy to understand when considering radio since the radio spectrum is so large and we only are using pieces of it (one range for AM radio, another range for FM radio, another for over-the-air TV, and another for Wifi channels). Same with the traditional landline telephone - We're only using a range of frequencies available so that way we can have both voice and data going over the same medium (copper wires). So yes - all three are considered broadband!

I think we have a really timely example... Take the recent denial of service attack that disabled voice services for a VOIP company's customers. As the disaster went on, what happenned? Customers had no phone service and eventually had to seek those services elsewhere. Both the service provider and the customers would have had an MTD defined where after a certain point they were being seriously hurt. Some customers were probably in trouble right away, where others may have been okay for several days. In the end though, both the service providers and their customers were hurt, likley in the form of lost business and damaged reputation. The service provider has likely lost some of their customers permanently as those that switched to another provider are probably not coming back.

Remember that fiber is a transmission medium, just like copper wire or radio waves are a transmission medium. It's how the transmission is sent over the medium that determines whether it is baseband or broadband.