“地藏王,地狱不空,誓不成佛。” Translation: Kṣitigarbha Bodhisattva, until hell is empty, I vow not to attain Buddhahood. Analysis: 1. Meaning & Context: This phrase refers to the vow of Kṣitigarbha Bodhisattva (地藏菩萨, 地藏王菩萨), a prominent figure in Mahāyāna Buddhism. He is known for his deep compassion and commitment to saving beings suffering in hell (Naraka). His vow signifies his determination to assist all beings in escaping suffering before he himself attains enlightenment and Buddhahood. 2. Supportive Reasoning: This vow reflects the core Bodhisattva ideal in Mahāyāna Buddhism-self-sacrifice for the liberation of all sentient beings. It emphasizes boundless compassion, perseverance, and responsibility. The statement also serves as a moral teaching, urging practitioners to develop empathy and work toward alleviating suffering. 3. Counter-Argument: Some interpretations might challenge the literal application of this vow, arguing that absolute liberation from all suffering is impossible due to samsara (the cycle of birth and death). Additionally, certain Buddhist schools emphasize individual enlightenment rather than indefinite self-sacrifice, suggesting that enlightenment enables greater help rather than delaying it. 4. Actionable Insight: Practitioners inspired by this vow can apply its essence in daily life by helping others selflessly, alleviating suffering where possible, and maintaining resilience in the face of adversity. Even if absolute liberation for all is unattainable, continuous compassionate efforts bring meaningful impact.