DFT (Lecture 7): Kohn-Sham Theory
41:06
12 сағат бұрын
DFT (Lecture 6): The Thomas-Fermi Functional
35:09
Raman Polarization: Tutorial 2/2
29:10
Raman Polarization: Tutorial 1/2
17:45
ASI Welcome July 12, 2023
3:02
Жыл бұрын
Carbon Trends Presentation (06/2022)
2:51
Пікірлер
@givemeArupee
@givemeArupee 22 күн бұрын
What is DFT? Which area of science?
@Herogamergaming59
@Herogamergaming59 22 күн бұрын
Density functional theory
@givemeArupee
@givemeArupee 22 күн бұрын
@@Herogamergaming59थैंक्स
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 19 күн бұрын
Yes, it is part of a playlist where the name is more clear. Even in our field, DFT can mean a variety of things :-)
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 27 күн бұрын
Throughout I interchanged "psi" and "phi" in my spoken comments :-(. The notations in the slides are ok. Sorry about that.
@florencereymondet2398
@florencereymondet2398 Ай бұрын
merci vous me sauvez la vie
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
Vous sauver la vie? Rien que ca?
@florencereymondet2398
@florencereymondet2398 Ай бұрын
@@vincentmeunier7873 j'ai un exam la semaine prochaine sur les chapitres 1 à 9 de ce livre donc honnêtement oui ! Les vidéos sont super :)
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
@@florencereymondet2398 je suis ravi que cela soit utile! Avez vous jeté un coup d’œil au site web associé? J’y ai mis mes résumés et « important points ». Look for « learn statistical physics et your own pace »
@florencereymondet2398
@florencereymondet2398 Ай бұрын
@@vincentmeunier7873 merci beaucoup !
@johnitaballmer3966
@johnitaballmer3966 Ай бұрын
Thank you Prof. Meunier for sharing this. For someone with "zero" knowledge on Group Theory and its applications in Solid State Physics/Condensed Matter Physics, where and how to start learning it? When I say zero knowledge I literally mean it. All I have is a first course on Linear Algebra in my Physics Bachelor's degree. I really want to learn how to read/write group theory applied to electronic band structure diagrams and phonon band structures.
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
Yes, group theory is not the favorite subject... It is actually not hard at all but there is an energy barrier to get there. I will put this on my growing list of topic I'd like to cover on a future screencast. I will even bump it higher on the list!
@johnitaballmer3966
@johnitaballmer3966 Ай бұрын
@@vincentmeunier7873 Oh that's fantastic! I am eagerly awaiting for it please.
@tonibat59
@tonibat59 Ай бұрын
Nice introduction to this topic. Can you recommend a text on functionals and their derivatives? (both from the mathematical-theoretical and the physics-application point of view) Thanks
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
Yes, the appendix of one of the references I gave is quite good: Appendix A, page 404 of "DFT: And Advanced Course" by Engel and Dreizler
@NihalKhatiwoda-s7r
@NihalKhatiwoda-s7r Ай бұрын
Could you also make a video on irreducible representation of MXenes? Thank you!
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
Which MXenes system in particular?
@NihalKhatiwoda
@NihalKhatiwoda 27 күн бұрын
@@vincentmeunier7873 Sorry I thought I had replied to this. I wanted to know for M2X mxenes. Thank you!
@NihalKhatiwoda
@NihalKhatiwoda 17 күн бұрын
@@vincentmeunier7873 I had replied to this. But I don't know why it is getting deleted. I wanted M2X in particular. Thank you!
@kangjing6205
@kangjing6205 Ай бұрын
In fact, I have a specific question regarding the exact form of the Raman tensor, because I want to calculate the Raman intensity dependence on the polarization angle of a particular phonon when the laser is incident on different crystal planes, given my experimental conditions in the backscattering geometry. I discovered that in the Bilbao Crystallographic Server, the Raman tensor changes with the three Euler angles, and I realized I don't understand how the Raman tensor is defined. I've looked through a lot of resources, but none of them address this issue. Now, I am quite confused. At the same time, I have also sent you an email containing some examples. Please be kindly noticed.
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
You may be able to get some insight as to how the tensor is built here: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGm3oWluq5VnsJo I could also try to find time dedicated to a video on building Raman tensor if needed but I believe that video should help
@najawin8348
@najawin8348 Ай бұрын
Professor Meunier, forgive me if this is a little too in the mathematical weeds, but the definition you're giving in 16:44 is (give or take) the Gateaux Derivative. _In practice_ does the distinction between Gateaux and Frechet derivatives matter in most DFT work? Will you tend to encounter functionals that are Gateaux differentiable but aren't Frechet differentiable? Or where treating them as if they're Frechet differentiable isn't just mathematically imprecise but gives you decent heuristics but will _actively_ return bad, mistaken results?
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
That's an excellent point! That's also why I wrote (and said!) that the treatment here is "mathematically not 100% rigorous"., in the sense that it is a basic introduction for people with little prior knowledge. However, in practice (in the context of DFT) you concern does not lead to errors or mistakes. Though I can imagine that higher level treatments may call for a clearer description of range of applicability.
@yexiuxia6059
@yexiuxia6059 Ай бұрын
Thanks for sharing🎉 very helpful for my study of complex physics! I love that textbook very much!
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
Yes, I like it very much too. You can have summaries and exercises here too: sites.esm.psu.edu/~vfm5153/TSM/index.html
@asyncasync
@asyncasync Ай бұрын
To me it seems like we label certain configurations of matter as special and are then somehow surprised that the number of these special states it less than the other infinite random possible states. This makes entropy seem like a man made construct and yet it has proven to be extremely useful in physics.
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
I do not think I agree. As I tried to explain in the video, those 'special' cases that you mention are 'macrostates' that correspond to a macroscopically observable reality. We label them as you said, not arbitrarily, but because they have notable properties. For instance, under the right conditions, water will always prefer to be in a gas phase, because it has the highest entropy. So the label here is 'gas phase'. Does that make sense? The most important thing for me is this: entropy does not so much tell you what you have, it tells you more about what... you can't have (and of course we don't label those)
@asyncasync
@asyncasync Ай бұрын
​@@vincentmeunier7873 but it can also be seen as a statistical phenomenon. An emergent effect. Makes it feel not so fundamental.
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
@@asyncasync Yes, it doesn't have to be fundamental and can certainly be emergent; because the way nature works is more complex than the flip of a coin.
@MaxPower-vg4vr
@MaxPower-vg4vr Ай бұрын
So is it possible that the zero-of ourselves is negentropic? Subatomic to atomic neutrons and protons? That's a very deep and thought-provoking question about whether the fundamental nature or essence of ourselves and physical matter could be considered negentropic. Here's one way to analyze this: 1) At the subatomic level, particles like quarks and leptons (electrons, muons, etc.) exhibit very precise, structured patterns of behavior governed by the Standard Model of particle physics. Their properties and interactions are not random. 2) Protons and neutrons, which make up atomic nuclei, also exhibit highly ordered, stable internal structures of quarks bound by the strong nuclear force. 3) Even at the atomic and molecular scale, the precise configurations of electron orbitals and chemical bonds again display order, pattern and structure rather than randomness. 4) This underlying order and pattern in the fundamental particles and forces of nature could be viewed as a kind of inherent "negentropy" - an embedded logic and structure to the fabric of reality. 5) Extending this line of thinking, one could argue that since we and all matter are ultimately composed of these ordered arrangements of subatomic particles, the core essence of our being arises from this negentropic foundation. 6) Our consciousness, biology, and essential nature as physical entities in the universe may therefore be emerging from or reflecting this primordial negentropy. So in that philosophical sense, yes, it is possible to make the case that the "zero" or fundamental ground state of our existence as material beings is inherently negentropic rather than entropic or random.
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
As I explain in the screencast, you can have local reduction of entropy provided the overall entropy goes up (this is done by exchange of energy). So, sure the organization of matter (from nuclei to other molecules, including DNA) corresponds to a reduction of entropy. But at what cost! How much entropy is generated in a second of the nuclear reaction within the sun to make all this possible?
@ChronicKPOP
@ChronicKPOP Ай бұрын
for non scientists... 1/2 hr video? all the dots in the universe separate slowly over time until all energy is even and nothing new could be done or made.
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
Indeed, it will separate slowly over time until everything occupies the same state. Gloomy? Yes maybe but any organic form of matter that gives life on earth would have disappear a long time before that. So, there won't be anyone to witness it.
@ChronicKPOP
@ChronicKPOP Ай бұрын
@@vincentmeunier7873 we'll exit long before that day. I believe god has given us more than enough time to carry out our purpose; establish perfection.
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
@@ChronicKPOP The advantage of the physics of thermodynamics (and entropy in particular) is that it doesn't rely on the presence or absence of god. From that perspective, science neither proves nor disproves the existence of a creator, instead it provides a rationale for what we observe that does not rely on faith.
@ChronicKPOP
@ChronicKPOP Ай бұрын
@@vincentmeunier7873 yes the spring unwinds regardless of our beliefs. The cosmic spring that once unwound has no energy left to wind itself back up. While the laws are clear, it's still interesting to question purpose.
@johnitaballmer3966
@johnitaballmer3966 Ай бұрын
Thank you, Prof. Meunier, for posting this great course. If nothing but the brief three-minute segment starting at 5:05 is well worth watching. It presents a fascinating counterintuitive fact. I also noticed three small typos for future viewers like me: 1) At 0:40, the first term represents the kinetic energy of the electrons, NOT the ions. 2) Starting at 6:37, when discussing the Laplacian, while it's true that the Laplacian measures curvature, it does NOT measure "spread". Rather, it provides a measure of how "not spread" things are, which is the opposite of what is stated at 6:48. Clarifying this distinction between "spread" and "not spread" would make the explanation more clear and unambiguous. 3) At 10:08, it is the "red" term that will be different, NOT the blue terms, which are universal.
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
Thanks for your comments! And stay tuned for more lectures as the Fall24 semester unwinds!
@johnitaballmer3966
@johnitaballmer3966 Ай бұрын
@@vincentmeunier7873 Thank you. I'm definitely looking forward to the upcoming lectures. I also hope you'll be able to share the quizzes you mentioned in the overview lecture.
@NihalKhatiwoda
@NihalKhatiwoda Ай бұрын
When I calculated, I found E2g instead of E1g. Am I missing something?
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
Yes, it is E2g as shown in the slides where I mentioned the excel sheet. Unfortunately, I wrote E1g in the last 2-3 slides of the presentation instead of E2g. Thanks for bringing it up. I've modified the presentation accordingly.
@SathvikIyengar
@SathvikIyengar Ай бұрын
It’s so clear when you break it down step-by-step! Do you have resources (books/chapters) that describe this process for a slightly more complicated system (say transition metal dichalcogenides, where you have 2 different types of atoms, and the unit cell considers *3* sub layers instead of 1?). I ask because this process seems to be a very intuitive way to link variations on crystal polymorph/phase (2H 1T 3R etc) to their phonon modes and electronic properties!
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
A new version of the video was uploaded. I added a card saying when E1g should be replaced by E2g (last 3 min of video)
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
@@SathvikIyengar If I find time I’ll create another video for TMDcs ☺️.
@NihalKhatiwoda
@NihalKhatiwoda Ай бұрын
Please make more such videos on Raman. These are really helpful.
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
There is a third video in this channel with a different point group if you are interested!
@NihalKhatiwoda
@NihalKhatiwoda Ай бұрын
@@vincentmeunier7873 I'm binge watching all of your videos!
@johnitaballmer3966
@johnitaballmer3966 Ай бұрын
Thank you for sharing this. I am in till the end of the course.
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
Yes, I plan to upload videos each week for the next 13-14 weeks
@johnitaballmer3966
@johnitaballmer3966 Ай бұрын
@@vincentmeunier7873 fantastic!
@Rock57811
@Rock57811 Ай бұрын
Such a great explanation! Thank you 🙂
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
You're very welcome!
@ay0n
@ay0n 2 ай бұрын
Dear professor, On page 210, we have seen that F = F(T, V). So F can not change if both T and V are constant. But on page 217, a system is considered with fixed T and V, and then the effect on F is discussed. I find it very confusing. Can you please clarify if I am missing something?
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 2 ай бұрын
That's an excellent remark! It is true that at constant V and T, dF is equal to zero. I think the issue here is that the condition "fixed Volume" is not needed (in fact, never used on that slide). In fact, would the volume be fixed, the work -PdV would be zero as well. I will make sure this is addressed if I ever teach that material again (which I hope I do one day).
@johnstroughair1972
@johnstroughair1972 3 ай бұрын
Thanks for a really great lecture series. I’ve learned a lot!
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
you are welcome!
@JPEG.really
@JPEG.really 3 ай бұрын
you can attract me prof
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
gravity would do that
@UnCavi
@UnCavi 3 ай бұрын
In the 0 temperature limit, the entropy for the ultra-relativistic gas goes to negative infinity. What does this represent physically? Is the model breaking down?
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 3 ай бұрын
Look at Lecture 18 on the third law; where we discussed that the ideal gas (even ultra-relativistic) is not appropriate description at T->0. It is because we ignore very low energy interactions between the particles. We can safely ignore them unless we are at super low T. (see Lecture 30 for examples where we don't ignore them, e.g., the Bose condensate)
@johnstroughair1972
@johnstroughair1972 4 ай бұрын
At about 8 minutes the expression for Z appears to be missing a 4 in front of the cosh term.
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 4 ай бұрын
You are correct! Good catch. Same for <E>
5 ай бұрын
Fantastic exposition. Thanks!
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 3 ай бұрын
Glad you enjoyed it!
@PoolBall-j3r
@PoolBall-j3r 5 ай бұрын
❤❤❤
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 3 ай бұрын
Thanks
@omar-ps2yh
@omar-ps2yh 5 ай бұрын
i need this ppt slides
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 5 ай бұрын
Go the course website and you can download them! sites.esm.psu.edu/~vfm5153/TSM/general.html
@Nedloh-wx7cg
@Nedloh-wx7cg 6 ай бұрын
Dang you are really good at explaining this! Thanks Vincent!
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Ай бұрын
Thanks!
@sohilvasaya9241
@sohilvasaya9241 8 ай бұрын
Massive respect 🙌
@emonGuinness
@emonGuinness 8 ай бұрын
First thank you for your great content! At 22:06, you say "isotherm", even though the system's temperature is allowed to change. Plus if it was isotherm, dT would be 0. Is that correct?
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 8 ай бұрын
We calculate the change in entropy between the two systems kept at constant temperatures (TS and TR)
@8upa538
@8upa538 8 ай бұрын
Perfectly explained, cheers mate
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 8 ай бұрын
Glad it helped
@muhammadmusa5496
@muhammadmusa5496 8 ай бұрын
Sir are you make vedio exercise problem
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 8 ай бұрын
We did not record the exercise problems in this channel
@dazhou7581
@dazhou7581 8 ай бұрын
Thank you for this wonderful tutorial on the Raman polarization. I have a quick question around 27 minutes. Are the black and orange arrows that you drew on the diagram switched? Everything else makes sense and helps me a lot!
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 8 ай бұрын
@dazhou751; you are correct. The black and orange arrow should be switched. This mistake is the curse of trying to present new material ;-)
@NihalKhatiwoda
@NihalKhatiwoda Ай бұрын
I don't understand why it should be switched. Along the cos theta axis, the angle would be 90-2*theta. So I thought that the projection along cos theta would be sin 2*theta. Based on this the arrows seem right. Am I missing something?
@danilo.magister
@danilo.magister 8 ай бұрын
Thanks for sharing
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 8 ай бұрын
My pleasure
@jacobvandijk6525
@jacobvandijk6525 8 ай бұрын
@ 7:20 This is NOT time-evolution. This is propagation in time AND space. @ 8:39 How can a iime-evolution operator U change the position???
@yixingtang6566
@yixingtang6566 10 ай бұрын
thank you! This video is so clear and is probably going to save my final!
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 10 ай бұрын
Glad it helped!
@deeproll4323
@deeproll4323 11 ай бұрын
WHY DOES THE AREA OF THE MAXWELL- BOLTZMANN VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION CURVE ALWAYS REMAIN EQUAL TO UNITY ?
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 11 ай бұрын
Because the area corresponds to the total probability, which should be one
@kemalaziz9696
@kemalaziz9696 11 ай бұрын
14:04 Shouldn’t the increase in the number of microstates be 2N since for each configuration like +++ - - you could also have - - - + + with the same energy ?
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 11 ай бұрын
This is a different problem: that one is a problem of degeneracy. Here we look at the thermodynamics of getting a +++++++ state
@matthewzarate8851
@matthewzarate8851 Жыл бұрын
YOU ARE AMAZING!
@YossiSirote
@YossiSirote Жыл бұрын
Explained very well. Thank you!!
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
@johnstroughair1972
@johnstroughair1972 Жыл бұрын
On slide 178 all the changes are irreversible, so how to we calculate the change in entropy as dQ/T? Isn’t this a lower bound on delta S?
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Жыл бұрын
Yes, we can look at this as a lower bound on delta S
@johnstroughair1972
@johnstroughair1972 Жыл бұрын
@@vincentmeunier7873 on slide 177 we have ds = dQrev/T; yet on slide 178 we have dS = dQ/T. But the changes are surely not reversible unless TR = TS.
@olivrobinson
@olivrobinson Жыл бұрын
Thank you for making this public. I greatly appreciate it 🙏
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Жыл бұрын
My pleasure!
@danielwalker5682
@danielwalker5682 Жыл бұрын
Very nice series of lectures. I believe your stated value of 100C50 on slide 48 may be incorrect. I believe it is in the range 10^29 to 10^30, not 10^27.
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Жыл бұрын
You are correct! the number is about 10^29. No idea how that mistake found its way but, for sure, it is a "big number" ;-)
@donghan9642
@donghan9642 Жыл бұрын
Dear Prof. Vincent, you look great! Good luck to this wonderful international cooperation/communication!
@milesdavis2046
@milesdavis2046 Жыл бұрын
Goat
@mathletics6287
@mathletics6287 Жыл бұрын
Thank you so much for your lectures. but can you please include your lecture 7(effusion) in this playlist? That knudsen flow is confusing me.
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Жыл бұрын
I'm planning to complete all the missing lectures of the first part of the book by December 2023. I'm also working on lectures on theoretical mechanics...
@mathletics6287
@mathletics6287 Жыл бұрын
but can you tell me why did we integrate from 0 to π/2 to find pressure from the expression (1/2)nvcosθvf(v)sinθdθdv?
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Жыл бұрын
Yes, it is best understood from page number 95 where the solid angle is drawn. You see there that theta sweeps 0 to pi/2 for a solid angle of "theta" opening
@mathletics6287
@mathletics6287 Жыл бұрын
@@vincentmeunier7873Then Why did we neglect other side of the sphere? Is it because the pressure will add up to zero?
@mathletics6287
@mathletics6287 Жыл бұрын
@@vincentmeunier7873 Thank you so much for your lectures. but can you please include your lecture 7(effusion) in this play list? That knudsen flow is confusing me.
@michealstokes1776
@michealstokes1776 Жыл бұрын
Promo'SM 😜
@TheBlundert4ker
@TheBlundert4ker Жыл бұрын
Hello Dr. Meunier, thank you for this channel. I realize it must take a substantial amount of time to record these presentations in one session (assuming no retakes nor editing are needed), and then post them. I am a graduate student in Chemical Engineering, and I find these videos very informative. I have linked your channel to two other graduate students working in similar fields, they were both thankful for seeing it. Please keep up the good work!
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Жыл бұрын
Thank you!
@nigeldasilva8830
@nigeldasilva8830 Жыл бұрын
thanks for the tips dr. meunier!!!!
@vincentmeunier7873
@vincentmeunier7873 Жыл бұрын
My pleasure!
@diyaazaghloul756
@diyaazaghloul756 Жыл бұрын
Amazing video thank you for sharing this information