What is...randomized mathematics?
11:12
4 сағат бұрын
What are...regular function for schemes?
10:48
What is...linear programming?
13:56
21 сағат бұрын
What are...schemes, take 3?
10:36
14 күн бұрын
What is...numerical linear algebra?
11:16
What is...Lie theory?
14:33
21 күн бұрын
What are...schemes, take 2?
11:56
21 күн бұрын
What is...group-based cryptography?
14:56
What are...schemes - take 1?
10:34
28 күн бұрын
What are...27 lines?
10:14
Ай бұрын
What is...matroid theory?
12:12
What are...dual curves?
9:43
Ай бұрын
What is...the Jacobi criterion?
10:11
What is...discrete geometry?
13:24
What is...quantum algebra?
16:42
What are...smooth varieties?
9:37
What is...game theory?
12:08
2 ай бұрын
What are...tangent cones?
10:08
2 ай бұрын
What is...complexity theory?
12:56
What is a...blow up, take 3?
11:51
What is...invariant theory?
12:04
2 ай бұрын
What is a...blow up, take 2?
9:25
What is...diagrammatic algebra?
19:04
What is...a blow up, take 1?
9:59
What are...birational maps?
10:38
3 ай бұрын
Пікірлер
@peter308
@peter308 2 күн бұрын
I think I finally understand pushouts and pullbacks from your tutorial.
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 2 күн бұрын
I am glad that it was helpful, thanks for watching ☺
@peter308
@peter308 2 күн бұрын
@@VisualMath it is important, I was browsing for 10+ videos regarding this. And your video explains it the best.
@VisualMath
@VisualMath Күн бұрын
@@peter308 Thanks 😀
@johnmccall4035
@johnmccall4035 2 күн бұрын
An example I like is a radomissed algorithm to approximate the Sierpinski Gasket by starting with a set consitting of the vertices of an equilateral triangle then, starting from 1 vertex, of the set choose another vertex at random, move 2/3 of the stright line distance to that point, create a new vertex and add it to the set. In the limit this produces the Sierpinski Gasket. I think this belongs to deterministic results from randomised algorithms but it may not fit your definition exactly.
@johnmccall4035
@johnmccall4035 2 күн бұрын
I've just realised you have it as a backdrop picture.
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 2 күн бұрын
@@johnmccall4035 Exactly, so let us count it as an example ☺ Thanks for sharing!
@tuongnguyen9391
@tuongnguyen9391 2 күн бұрын
In optimization sometimes people use randomized algorithm to solve the max cut problem with very good performance.
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 2 күн бұрын
Nice example, thanks 😀
@sudhajothi1612
@sudhajothi1612 2 күн бұрын
thank u for this
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 2 күн бұрын
Thanks for coming and welcome, friend 😀
@jmw1500
@jmw1500 3 күн бұрын
There is so much lore. I am a little scared of taking AG next semester. But I want to start sometime. 😅
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 2 күн бұрын
Good luck! It is a nice subject, but somehow not that easy to teach; so often not great to listen too. Let me know how it goes ☺
@popoca4mathmatics
@popoca4mathmatics 5 күн бұрын
thank you. I'm researching basic nets in projective plane and facing cw complex this is helpful
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 5 күн бұрын
Thanks for coming, I am glad that the video was helpful 😚
@tuongnguyen9391
@tuongnguyen9391 7 күн бұрын
Do we have numerical groebner bases
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 7 күн бұрын
Thanks for coming ☺ Excellent question! I read somewhere that Groebner bases may depend discontinuously on the system, so numerical methods will be tricky to apply. I think I remember seeing a paper “Numerical Groebner Bases” (or a similar title; it was from the 2000ish; can’t seem to find it right now) that mildly redefines Groebner bases to avoid that problem, and they then present a numerical algorithm to compute these modified Groebner bases. I am unsure about any properties of the algorithm or newer research. A better approach in 2025+ might be some neural network to guess the Groebner bases. I am sure there is work on this.
@tuongnguyen9391
@tuongnguyen9391 8 күн бұрын
One of the strongest application of algebraic geometry in this field is the application of algebraic method for constructing sum of square optimization. These sum of square optimization can then be solved by using semidefinite programming
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 8 күн бұрын
A beautiful application of real (numbers) algebraic geometry; thanks for sharing ☺
@devrimturker
@devrimturker 9 күн бұрын
I watched , 2024 biggest breakthroughs in computer science, by quanta magazine kzbin.info/www/bejne/nIWwfqaomqakjpI It mentions difficulty of making sense of overall calculated Hamiltonians , so let's do sum of squares and polynomial relaxation :)
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 9 күн бұрын
Thanks, that is a beautiful summary of the state of the arts: “elegant equations describe toy models’’ and as soon as it gets to a real world problem there is nothing you can say. 🤔 Ok, the real world is difficult, we all know that More exciting is if a simple toy system, when slightly altered, can quickly become unpredictable and chaotic. My favorite example is honey dropping on a moving conveyor belt - is a great visual representation of how small changes in initial conditions can lead to vastly different outcomes, a key principle of chaos theory. I know that I saw this on KZbin, but I cannot find the video anymore 😢
@eternaldoorman5228
@eternaldoorman5228 9 күн бұрын
@@VisualMath My Blog comes to the rescue. I searched it for "Honey" and I got two posts: one with your Navier-Stokes video and this video kzbin.info/www/bejne/eX68eoanrbhmgZY and that reminds me. G.G. Stokes is supposedly buried in a cemetery here in Cambridge, England, in his wife's grave, but I can't find the grave. They say it's in the corner by a house, and I've looked all around and see no sign of it. Isn't that weird? For someone so famous.
@Sasuke-mu9oq
@Sasuke-mu9oq 13 күн бұрын
Thank you! Now all what I read makes much more sense!
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 13 күн бұрын
Thanks, I am glad that the video was helpful ☺
@Robotocracy
@Robotocracy 13 күн бұрын
I want you to know I was yelling "What!? How?" at my screen while watching this lol, mind blown.
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 13 күн бұрын
My reaction exactly 🤣 Thanks for watching!
@jijuanzheng4790
@jijuanzheng4790 13 күн бұрын
I hope you have a video explain fiber bundle I could not find it, I am also interested in why we need it and how it is useful with use cases, thx
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 13 күн бұрын
I sadly do not have a video on fiber bundles, sorry for that 😥 But thanks for watching!
@porq_off
@porq_off 13 күн бұрын
Extremely useful, Thanks!
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 13 күн бұрын
Thanks, you are welcome, friend ☺
@Darakkis
@Darakkis 13 күн бұрын
Thank you! Exactly what I wasn't understanding
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 13 күн бұрын
Thanks, I am glad that the video was helpful. Enjoy your journey 😚
@-NguyenDuyTanA-mh1db
@-NguyenDuyTanA-mh1db 15 күн бұрын
bro aging backward
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 15 күн бұрын
No, my eigenvalues are all zero 🤣
@shoopinc
@shoopinc 16 күн бұрын
EIGENVALUES
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 16 күн бұрын
...rule the world 😍 And, of course, thanks for watching ☺
@Jaylooker
@Jaylooker 16 күн бұрын
This QR algorithm sounds a lot like an application of the Helmholtz decomposition of vector field into a solenoid vector field and an irrotational vector field.
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 16 күн бұрын
Yes, exactly, that is at least similar in flavor. Probably there is something more substantial that one can say. Also, now that you pointed it out, I feel I remember having seen the QR decomposition been applied to the discrete Helmholtz decomposition (there is one for graphs), but I can’t seem to find a reference 🤨
@Jaylooker
@Jaylooker 16 күн бұрын
@@VisualMath The Iwasawa decomposition applies to semsimple Lie groups and generalizes the QR decomposition used in the QR algorithm. Simply connected Lie groups are equivalent to their Lie algebras. Vector fields of smooth manifolds (ie Lie groups) form Lie algebras under the Lie bracket. Is the reference “Helmholtz-Hodge Decomposition on Graphs” (2024) by March what you are looking for?
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 16 күн бұрын
@@Jaylooker No, that is not the reference I was looking for, but its relevant so thanks 😀
@Jaylooker
@Jaylooker 16 күн бұрын
@@VisualMath No problem 👍
@eternaldoorman5228
@eternaldoorman5228 16 күн бұрын
8:47 Oh, that's really cute. You're kind of beating M into two matrices Q and R such that QR=RQ?
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 16 күн бұрын
Right. That doesn't quit work, but in the limit it does 😀
@lynxrose3005
@lynxrose3005 16 күн бұрын
Where would you point me to if I want to learn more about how fixed points work generally in math? You seem to have fixed point intuition that I want lol
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 16 күн бұрын
“Fixed point iteration” and “Stability theory” on Wikipedia are good starting point. They look different, so task: figure out why they are the ‘same’ 😁
@-NguyenDuyTanA-mh1db
@-NguyenDuyTanA-mh1db 17 күн бұрын
how can a line become a point, i think alot of lines should become a plane
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 17 күн бұрын
In an exam, several students may end with the same marks. So if you identify all students with the same marks into one pile, then the number of piles will be smaller than the number of students. It could be the same, but it cannot be bigger. Taking quotients makes things smaller. The same happens here: if you identify vectors up to scaling, so that e.g. (1,0) and (2,0)=2(1,0) are in the same pile, then lines become points. I hope that makes sense 🙂
@-NguyenDuyTanA-mh1db
@-NguyenDuyTanA-mh1db 17 күн бұрын
@ oh, i see :)))
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 17 күн бұрын
@@-NguyenDuyTanA-mh1db Great, I am glad that this was helpful ☺
@ivanfilippenko
@ivanfilippenko 18 күн бұрын
Another typo: at 2:12, in order to match the graph, equation (2) should evidently be x + y = 1/2
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 18 күн бұрын
Thanks for catching; I have put a warning in the description.
@MonkeyDLuffy-gd6se
@MonkeyDLuffy-gd6se 20 күн бұрын
I love the fact you link books/resources of the topics you cover, amazing work! Your lie theory video blew kinda up (atleast algorithmic 3k views in 3 days)!
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 20 күн бұрын
Thanks, that is very much appreciated. I hope the resources will be useful! And yes, I probably should pay more attention to how the KZbin algorithm actually works. Right now I am always stunned which video makes it to the top 🙃
@johnchristian5027
@johnchristian5027 21 күн бұрын
Nice video and explanation! Subscribed!
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 21 күн бұрын
Thanks for watching 😀
@shoopinc
@shoopinc 23 күн бұрын
Im very interested in the concept of groups associated with partial differential equations. Especially how those groups may evolve or deform a little bit as the parameters in the differential equations vary for example the heat diffusion coefficient in the heat equation. Have you heard of others studying this concept and have any pointers on how to study this? In artificial intelligence there is a crowd how approximate operators using neural networks and the deep O nets/fourier neural operators do use this concept of parameter variation as a tunable parameter in part of their training algorithm. However, I haven’t seen them study algebra or operator algebras tangential to doing operator approximations in that way. And that’s what I’d like to study and research in more detail.
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 23 күн бұрын
Hmm, excellent yet difficult question. Somehow the natural topic of differential Galois theory never really took flight. I feel its because its actually difficult. It turns out the the idea that originated in the study of differential equations got mostly carried on by algebraic geometers under the slogan of D-modules. See that mathoverflow post 201853 for a discussion and a few references. The post 175761 is also useful. I likes the lecture notes of Tobias Dyckerhoff at Yale from 2008 (try to google “Tutorial on Differential Galois Theory I - Yale Math”) useful. I hope that get you started 😀 (For some reasons KZbin hides my comment if I put links into it - probably some spam filter thingy - so sorry for the brute force way to give references.)
@philipm3173
@philipm3173 22 күн бұрын
Check out Lucia Di Vizio's work in differential Galois Theory.
@philipm3173
@philipm3173 22 күн бұрын
Are you familiar with Olver's "Applications of Lie Groups to Differential Equations?"
@philipm3173
@philipm3173 22 күн бұрын
See also Pommaret's Partial Differential Equations and Group Theory
@mrl9418
@mrl9418 23 күн бұрын
9:00 I've personally seen a guy (I think he was from the ENS Paris) effortlessly use the fraktur typeface, in chalk, on a blackboard. I was so in awe
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 23 күн бұрын
Wth? I can't do that at all (my mathfrak looks like normal font used weirdly), I am seriously in shock 🙃
@mrl9418
@mrl9418 23 күн бұрын
​@@VisualMath He used the chalk a bit sideways to give different thickness to the lines 🤔
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 23 күн бұрын
@@mrl9418 Brilliant 😮
@berlinisvictorious
@berlinisvictorious 23 күн бұрын
Lie theory is nice when applied to nt
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 23 күн бұрын
Yes, its super applicable; thanks for pointing that out. I have not seen it much in number theory, but that is probably a bias on my end 😀
@Sidionian
@Sidionian 23 күн бұрын
Beautiful and informative video. Thanks!
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 23 күн бұрын
Welcome, friend ☺
@Sidionian
@Sidionian 23 күн бұрын
Damn, I need to catch up on the previous content haha...By then you will hopefully have said a few words about Topos Theory and its potential to unify all of math (and even physics?). I am currently experimenting with it...Thanks for your tireless work
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 23 күн бұрын
Haha, I am looking forward for topos theory. We will get there at one point in our lives 😄
@newwaveinfantry8362
@newwaveinfantry8362 21 күн бұрын
"...potential to unify all of math and possibly all of physics" I'm not sure about that.
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 21 күн бұрын
Yeah, probably not. But its still interesting.
@Sidionian
@Sidionian 21 күн бұрын
@@VisualMath You may have heard of Andreas Döring and Chris Isham who have developed Topos Theoretical foundations of physics and in particular Quantum Mechanics. Also, many mathematicians consider Topos Theory a potential foundational replacement or alternative to the ZFC axioms/Category Theory/HoTT. This is why I am so keen to hear your take on it, because you always provide some fresh perspectives and occasionally new ideas I didn't think about... As a side note, now that I am here, can you consider making a video on Cohen Forcing (the method used to prove independence of Continuum Hypothesis from ZFC)? I'd love to hear how you look at the subject...
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 21 күн бұрын
@@Sidionian Together with many other things, topos theory is indeed a potential way for the foundations of math. I think the problem was with the wording; 'unify' is a dangerous word to use in science 😀
@adrianott5248
@adrianott5248 23 күн бұрын
You have an absolutely lovely way to explain the essentials of these topics.
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 23 күн бұрын
Thanks, I am glad to hear that. I hope you enjoyed the video 😀
@geneeditor9545
@geneeditor9545 23 күн бұрын
Great content as always
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 23 күн бұрын
Thanks for coming, and thanks for the kind feedback 😄
@SamuelQG97
@SamuelQG97 23 күн бұрын
Yeah! It’s here! Yours videos at weekend are One of my favorite times of the week😊
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 23 күн бұрын
Thanks, friend, I am happy to hear that you find them enjoyable ☺
@jmw1500
@jmw1500 25 күн бұрын
Probably my favorite topic, automated discovery of math.
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 25 күн бұрын
Same here: I always work on replacing myself 😌 And thanks for the comment ☺
@drdca8263
@drdca8263 28 күн бұрын
The natural transformation at 9:53 , is this from (the composition of the hom bifunctor from \calD \times \calD to Set, with F \times id_\calC ), to (the composition of the bifunctor from \calC \times \calC to Set , with id_\calD \times G ) ? And then this natural transformation is an adjunction if all of the morphisms comprising it are isomorphisms (in particular, bijections) ?
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 28 күн бұрын
Yes that is almost right. Just a terminology thingy: the adjunction is the pair (F,G) plus the choice of alpha; otherwise a big YES 😀
@drdca8263
@drdca8263 28 күн бұрын
@ Thanks!
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 27 күн бұрын
@@drdca8263 Welcome ☺
@JoaoKogler
@JoaoKogler 28 күн бұрын
The way you've defined SL_n(K), as a set of particular matrices whose determinant is 1 led me to think that SL_n it's not in fact the variety, but actually the set of loci of zeroes of the determinants of these matrices is in fact the set of varieties , not SL_N(K) . Am I correct, or is there something I'm not seeing ? I'm not a mathematician, so it's important for me to get the precise idea....
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 28 күн бұрын
Ok, let me give it a shot; say for n=2 to have easier notation. Then SL2=all vectors [a,b,c,d] in C^4 with ac-bd-1=0. All that is done is to flatten the matrix [[a,b],[c,d]] into a vector and we think of the four possible entries as variables. The determinant = 1 condition is then a polynomial equation in four variables. I hope that helps!
@JoaoKogler
@JoaoKogler 27 күн бұрын
@@VisualMath Thanks for the answer, although it didn't addresed my question, maybe I didn't state it clearly. I understood that the determinant is a polynomial in the case, and that its zeroes constitute a variety. The point is that the zeroes of the determinant make a variety, not the SL(K). Unless the SL(K) is constitute by the zeroes of the determinant, but it's clearly the case. So, why to call SL(K) a variety ? I understood that a variety is the locus of the zeroes of a polynomial curve or surface.
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 27 күн бұрын
@@JoaoKogler Hmm, I think I answered your question. But maybe I misunderstood your question, so let me try again, say for SL2 😀 SL2 = “matrices [[a,b],[c,d]] with ad-bc-1=0” = “points in K^4 vanishing for f(a,b,c,d)=ad-bc-1” = an affine variety That is why I would call SL2 an affine variety. Does this answer you question?
@JoaoKogler
@JoaoKogler 26 күн бұрын
@@VisualMath Thanks, again. After watching your 4th lesson, on Idelas & Varieties, it occured to me now that maybe the locus of zeroes of the determinant of a particular SLK matrix form a variety, a geometric object, while SLK would be its algebraic counterpart, an ideal related to that variety. Well, I'm just guessing by now, I hope I'm not bothering with this.... Anyway, let me watch a bit more of your next lessons, maybe I should have not worry about the question for a while.
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 26 күн бұрын
@@JoaoKogler If I can help you with anything, do not hesitate to ask!
@Juniper-111
@Juniper-111 29 күн бұрын
skein is not a made up word - it comes from knitting
@VisualMath
@VisualMath 29 күн бұрын
Thanks, I didn't knew that 👍 Indeed: skein = a length of thread or yarn, loosely coiled and knotted.
@jmw1500
@jmw1500 Ай бұрын
Oh I am so looking forward to taking an AG class next semester. :D
@VisualMath
@VisualMath Ай бұрын
Yes, I hope you will have fun ☺
@newwaveinfantry8362
@newwaveinfantry8362 Ай бұрын
Me too.
@VisualMath
@VisualMath Ай бұрын
@@newwaveinfantry8362 Have fun as well 😀
@dennisbrown5313
@dennisbrown5313 Ай бұрын
Outstanding approch and explanation. Your examples are superb
@VisualMath
@VisualMath Ай бұрын
Thanks, friend, I am glad that you liked the video and I hope it was helpful ☺
@pendragon7600
@pendragon7600 Ай бұрын
Nice video thanks
@VisualMath
@VisualMath Ай бұрын
Welcome, friend 😀
@ImMataza
@ImMataza Ай бұрын
im a third year uni student and im really enjoying your series. thanks for making the videos :D
@VisualMath
@VisualMath Ай бұрын
Welcome, friend. I wish you all the best for your AG journey ☺
@harshitjain3405
@harshitjain3405 Ай бұрын
Where can i get lots of examples of modular representations? Any book recommendations?
@VisualMath
@VisualMath Ай бұрын
Ah, this is a tough one 🤔 I do not think any book ever really convinced me, so probably Serre's book is still my to go reference. You may find some on the mathoverflow post 55983. Humphreys comment is a good one, for example.
@Moeman-mf5yq
@Moeman-mf5yq Ай бұрын
Your work has been noted. It has aided my understanding and will aid humanity as a whole.
@VisualMath
@VisualMath Ай бұрын
Thanks, I am glad that you liked the video 😀
@Moeman-mf5yq
@Moeman-mf5yq Ай бұрын
Hilariously, it seems group theory is a natural extension of linear algebra. This is the equivalent to coordinate transformations!
@VisualMath
@VisualMath Ай бұрын
Or the other way around, as suggested by representation theory 😉
@allisonmccormick5689
@allisonmccormick5689 Ай бұрын
In my Graph Theory course, we were told that complete graphs are denoted with K for Kuratowski, who proved that a graph was planar if and only if it had no subgraph that could be homomorphically reduced to K_5 or K_3,3
@VisualMath
@VisualMath Ай бұрын
As far as I know there are two contradictory stories regarding the K; the Kuratowski one is one of them: Try the math stackexchange question 400203. Not sure which one is true, but I give "komplett" the edge 😃
@mr_m._.s_s
@mr_m._.s_s Ай бұрын
Any source providing a diagrammatic representation of Hecke algebras? Like the relevant diagrams arising in Temperley-Lieb algebras.
@VisualMath
@VisualMath Ай бұрын
This goes back to, at least, the paper Hecke Algebra Representations of Braid Groups and Link Polynomials" by Jones (would like to put a link here, but KZbin then flags my comment - on my own channel, thank you algorithm). Its all in there, but somehow without too many pictures. The 1980s I guess...😅
@francisbischoff6760
@francisbischoff6760 Ай бұрын
What will you do with your time once you've been replaced by computers?
@vlc-cosplayer
@vlc-cosplayer Ай бұрын
What will farmers do after back-breaking manual labor has been replaced by machines?
@VisualMath
@VisualMath Ай бұрын
@@vlc-cosplayer Let us all go to the beach 😅
@francisbischoff6760
@francisbischoff6760 Ай бұрын
@@vlc-cosplayer is the implication that mathematics is an activity that should be avoided?
@vlc-cosplayer
@vlc-cosplayer Ай бұрын
​@@francisbischoff6760 no, not really. Computer science is a branch of mathematics, so if you want to understand what the computers are coming up with, you'll still need to know mathematics. Computers are just another tool in the toolbox, and it's nice to have options. AIs such as ChatGPT do not replace programmers, it replaces the rubber ducky that they talk to to debug their code, and search engines (which are getting worse by the day) to look up information quickly.
@thediscussion3517
@thediscussion3517 Ай бұрын
Find meaning in whatever i can
@jortor2932
@jortor2932 Ай бұрын
Got understood with ur nice explanation still for me much is left to go
@VisualMath
@VisualMath Ай бұрын
Great, I hope you liked it ☺
@ver_nick
@ver_nick Ай бұрын
Thank you!
@VisualMath
@VisualMath Ай бұрын
Thanks for watching and the feedback, friend 😀
@IDK-jh9mn
@IDK-jh9mn Ай бұрын
Thank you so much!!
@VisualMath
@VisualMath Ай бұрын
Thanks for watching, I am glad that you liked the video 😄
@princeardalan
@princeardalan Ай бұрын
A very good video! Thank you.
@VisualMath
@VisualMath Ай бұрын
Welcome, friend 😀
@shashvatshukla
@shashvatshukla Ай бұрын
Is this notion of module the same as modules over rings? a generalisation of vector space? Why do you choose module and not vector space? Since you keep promoting linear algebra which is the study of vector spaces.
@VisualMath
@VisualMath Ай бұрын
Ah, sorry, the terminology is bad: a module is a vector space, but not necessarily over a field (the ground thingy could be a ring, algebra,...). So still linear algebra 😀, but your matrix entries get more sophisticated.