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hi. what is R.P.k?

@@KCSEBIOLOGY( Relevant previous knowledge )

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Biology

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Maltose is considered a carbohydrate because it is composed of two glucose molecules linked together. Carbohydrates are organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, usually with a hydrogen:oxygen atom ratio of 2:1, as in water. They are classified into three main types based on their complexity: *monosaccharides (single sugar units like glucose and fructose), *disaccharides (two sugar units like maltose, sucrose, and lactose) *polysaccharides (many sugar units like starch and cellulose). Maltose, being a disaccharide, fits into this classification because it is formed by the bonding of two monosaccharide units (glucose). This bond is known as a glycosidic bond. When maltose undergoes hydrolysis, it breaks down into two glucose molecules, further reinforcing its classification as a carbohydrate. Therefore saying Maltose ama Carbohydrates, still means the same thing. Just that Maltose is now more specific

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Shukran✌️

Calcium is used in alkane preparation by starting with a compound called calcium carbide (CaC₂). Here's a simple breakdown: 1. **Reaction with Water**: Calcium carbide (CaC₂) reacts with water (H₂O) to produce acetylene gas (C₂H₂). 2. **Conversion to Alkanes**: Acetylene gas (C₂H₂) is then turned into alkanes, like ethane (C₂H₆), by adding hydrogen (H₂). So, calcium (Ca) helps create a gas that can be easily converted into alkanes (e.g., ethane, C₂H₆). I hope this helps.. .

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shukran

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hallo. if you are to mention uses of bases,, mention a specific base, then its use.. do not generalize and say bases are used for this or that. mention a specific base and say its use as explained below;;; 1. **Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)** - **Soap Making:** Used to produce soaps and detergents by saponifying fats and oils. - **Paper Manufacturing:** Employed in the pulping process to separate lignin from cellulose fibers. - **Drain Cleaning:** Common ingredient in drain cleaners to dissolve organic matter. 2. **Potassium Hydroxide (KOH)** - **Biodiesel Production:** Used as a catalyst in the transesterification process to produce biodiesel from vegetable oils or animal fats. - **Battery Electrolytes:** Utilized in alkaline batteries as an electrolyte. 3. **Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)** - **Soil Treatment:** Known as lime, used to neutralize acidic soils in agriculture. - **Water Treatment:** Used to soften water by removing carbonate hardness. 4. **Ammonia (NH₃)** - **Fertilizers:** Used to produce various nitrogen-based fertilizers, such as ammonium nitrate. - **Cleaning Products:** Commonly found in household cleaners for its effectiveness in breaking down grime and grease. 5. **Magnesium Hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂)** - **Antacids:** Used in medications like milk of magnesia to neutralize stomach acid and relieve indigestion. - **Laxatives:** Acts as a laxative by drawing water into the intestines. 6. **Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO₃)** - **Baking:** Used as a leavening agent in baking to cause dough to rise. - **Fire Extinguishers:** Component of some fire extinguishers for its ability to produce carbon dioxide and smother flames. - **Cleaning Agent:** Used as a mild abrasive and deodorizer in household cleaning products. 7. **Calcium Carbonate (CaCO₃)** - **Construction:** Used as a primary component in cement and mortar. - **Antacid:** Used in over-the-counter antacids to neutralize stomach acid. 8. **Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH)** - **Batteries:** Used in the production of lithium-ion batteries. - **Carbon Dioxide Scrubbers:** Employed in spacecraft and submarines to remove CO₂ from the air. These specific examples illustrate the diverse applications of bases in various fields.

@@KCSEBIOLOGY do the same apply for uses of acids

yes.. if it is acids, mention a specific acid and how it is used. dont generalize and say acids are used..

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Am bridging 2 subject Chemistry and biology

@@JanetNguatha this is good. study hard and youl be good to go

Am following your lessons Because of my job l have limited time to attend classes

i see.. then you need alot of revision materials... do you have kcse pastpapers?

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for now kind of triky. mayb i send you notes. contact me using telegram

@@KCSEBIOLOGY ok i will try my best

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yes. this are the vascular bundles

Secret of passing biology in kcse

please look for revision books. trust me if you only read notes you will not get high grades.. never ever. do and look at more revision questions look for revision books they got many good questions. you need to know and understand how questions arr asked and should be tackled. then you will forever pass your exams

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waah. noma. am glad you understood. pleare share

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you need revision books for a start

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shukran

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uuhm food substance and diet here in kenya is under our topic of Nutrition in Plants and Animals. unless you be more specific so that i may know how to assist