Thanks! More likely, I just made a mistake when forming the dative case.

This is a good point! Sometimes transitives can masquerade as intransitives when we don't say the direct object. I believe the dance verb is mentioned in my video on optional transitives -- we can use some syntactic tools to argue that this verb is sometimes genuinely intransitive, and other times transitive with a dropped or un-dropped object (like Ajaruli).

Same here. It's a pity the channel seems to have languished.

This further lends to what valeryushakov1516 was saying. Thonmi wrote in a roundabout way because he probably wanted to write in a roundabout way. Verse most likely didn’t constrain him in ways that would lead to those issues

Idk how to feel about this, on one hand, that's a scam. On the other hand, you learned Klingon "accidentally" which is scientifically quite the data point. Excellent comment, if you're not trolling that's incredible.

I haven't finished this video to the end so I might be wrong, but I don't understand the amateur's, especially conlanger's habit of inserting intermediate forms that aren't attested. Denoting it as /dbaŋ/ => /waŋ/ is perfectly fine. Maybe even /dbaŋ/ => */dwaŋ/ => /waŋ/ if you really want to have an intermediary.

Japanese is not a tonal language, but at least a pitch accent language, as attested from the documents of Heian Period. Though I am not a scholar, a synchronic or diachronic approach to languages are most likely a good start to understand seemingly chaotic spelling problems.

@@joshyam4026 BTW do you know Tibetan? I’m asking because there’s a point in the video which has a discrepancy between what the guy’s voice says and what the onscreen text says.

Btw, do you know what taut and loose mean in this video? I tried looking it up (just the first term) but couldn’t find any sources listing a definition related to phonology. I found some where the Google snippet previews for pages displayed some (seemingly contradictory) definitions, but I didn’t find those definitions when actually opening the webpages.

@@DarkBlade37 what timecode minutes is that said?

@@kori228The first time is around 16:29

​@@DarkBlade37ah that's basically a more phonetic explanation of tonogenesis by glottal fold tension/pressure. The usual example of onset consonant tonogenesis is voiceless = high, voiced = low. Final consonant tonogenesis is final stops (especially a glottal stop) condition a rising/high tone; final fricatives condition a falling/low tone. But it's actually more complicated than that, it has to do with tension/pressure of the glottal folds. There's both voicing and phonation. I don't have a reference, but iirc it's: consonants that require closing the glottis cause a buildup of pressure that conditions a high pitch upon release (or condition a creak-to-phonation low>high=rising pitch), while consonants with an open glottis doesn't have that tension so it's kinda neutral. If the glottis is vibrating (i.e. voiced) or extra breath is forced through (i.e. breathy) though, it causes the sound to be murmured, lowering the pitch. Depending on where the consonant that conditions this phonation contrast is, it can lead to different pitch contours. An onset open-glottis voiced/breathy consonant will likely start low (though a open-glottis voiceless consonant like fricatives or aspirated stops start high), while a final open-glottis will likely end low. An onset tense glottis likely starts high (or creak-to-phonation low-high=rising) while a final tense-glottis can end high or low (it doesn't need to release the pressure at the end, so it may just end low creak without releasing into phonation).

@@kori228 So what is a basic definition of the terms taut and loose within the context of this video, and the specific letters which fall into each description? Thank you for the previous reply.

Also, Georgian is definitely undergoing even more change and evolution as I notice, especially with this new generation.

Not necessarily. Heavily inflected, but in reality they are barely more so than a Farsi verb.

I don’t see རེད་འདུག་ here but your labels help. Essential-existential. Interesting.

Tibetan spelling is dogshit in general

In “བོད” or bod “d” or “ད” is the suffix and it changes the vowel sound “o” to “ö” hence it’s pronounced “bö”. Same with the word “chos”, “s” is the suffix so it changes the vowel sound to “ö”. “D” is the suffix in Jig-med. As for vajra (བཛྲ) being prounced benza is dependent on the speaker. The letter བ is pronounced either as “ba” or “wa” depending on the context like pillar is ཀ་བ (ka-ba). There maybe a “ba” in pillar/ka-ba but the ba is supposed to be pronounced as wa. In some dialects, people pronounce བ as wa in more words than others and vice versa. I have noted some Amdo Tibetan speakers prounced བོད་པ/bod-pa as wod-pa. Maybe the person that transliterated vajra thought བ would be fit to denote the “va/wa” sound since the latter is used as to denote “va/wa” sound in Tibetan words but the reader is more accustomed to pronouncing the letter as “ba”. Another example would be བབ/descend which I would pronounce as “bab” but I have Tibetans who speak other dialect prounced it as “wab”. The written script and language is uniform but the pronouncation is greatly influenced by the speakers/readers’ native dialect.

Great point!

Not in linguistics! I do math.

@@grammarfellowhreodbeorht3691 Bummer! Hope to see more videos of yours in the near future.