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@MrLaughinggrass 11 сағат бұрын
Very interesting, how many permutations of the initial wiring could there have been? I am intrigued that the British didn't try the A-A, B-B one. Is it 26x26x26? I ask just because it is probably one of the easier challenges amongst very difficult ones. I can just imagine someone asking them in a meeting whether they had tried every permutation and them saying they had, even though they hadn't tried the one that few would think to try.
@rubytuesday4564 Күн бұрын
IMHO, this guy is being punked repeatedly by this dynamic female. He's ok with it. I'd speak up.
@rubytuesday4564 Күн бұрын
Thank you for that cc41 clothing description. It was shocking to learn that existed.
@SirReginaldBlomfield1234 Күн бұрын
Monkey arms if it was the Brixton Walk.
@johnhankin8918 2 күн бұрын
Pore sound
@jeffjenks2533 5 күн бұрын
Lousy audio. I can't listen. Poor. Poor. Poor.
@michendo1 6 күн бұрын
lol where you Imagine yourself as Bert the chimney sweep… or Danny Dyer … :)
@lkgreenwell 6 күн бұрын
Could do with a diagram - I believe it’s a Lee Enfield Mk4 .003 being referred to. I don’t know about the “piling swivel”, which in my case I will most certainly not be getting. Reed was criticised for accepting a K: wood he accept Charles 3’s?
@abrahamedelstein4806 9 күн бұрын
8:09 Wouldn't a more elegant solution have been to add an extra letter to the system that stood for repeating the entered letter?
@jwillisbarrie 10 күн бұрын
Thanks for adding actual captions for the Deaf. makes it easier to follow
@salamander5703 11 күн бұрын
How did they decide which rotational position to put the rotors in when first inserting them?
@GordonWrigley 12 күн бұрын
With stuff like the plugboard, you say it was a weaker than a more complex plugboard, but how much did it add over no plugboard? Likewise with the reflector, it was weaker than the more complex setup of dual paths through the rotors, but how much did it add over only going through the rotors once? Overall were any of these things so bad that it would have been more secure if they had left the feature out entirely?
@johnthekeane 14 күн бұрын
The irony is supreme 👍
@TheRaptorXX 14 күн бұрын
Fantastic! Didn't actually UNDERSTAND most of it but then I love listening to people who obviously know things that I don't!!
@frederickbowdler8169 20 күн бұрын
Surely the inability of the to not encipher a letter as it's self comes from the plug board as when the plug is pushed in it disconnects the circuit to the lamp of the key that is pressed .
@andrewc6602 20 күн бұрын
I run a fairly successful youtube channel. This is an excellent video....but i bet youd get about 5 times as many views with a $10 lav mic. People click off of videos with terrible audio. Cheers and best of luck!
@sweinnc 21 күн бұрын
How can you allow such poor audio quality?
@Zerbey 21 күн бұрын
76-bit encryption, that really puts it into context how clever this machine was. Up until the 1990s it was common to only use 40-bit, which was trivial to break. These days we use 128 or 256.
@stevenr8606 23 күн бұрын
You think you're so smart. Thèn go back in time and do it. Oh, you can't 😮 YUCK-TUBE R boy 😂😂😂😂
@luannrice-ue4fh 24 күн бұрын
Matthew Goode has a lovely speaking voice! He was the right person to read this letter.
@user-hg8bv2tj4b 24 күн бұрын
Хороший ролик.!!!
@kingpetra6886 25 күн бұрын
The Polish never got enough credit in this area.
@michaelnovak4035 25 күн бұрын
PLEASE get a clip on microphone for your presenter, the sound is awful
@qwadratix 25 күн бұрын
I'm left wondering why it took so long...
@GermanShepherd1983 25 күн бұрын
Quit watching when it became impossible to understand anything.
@thePronto 26 күн бұрын
How did the Germans encode the umlauts? Did they bother with the 'eszett' (ligature)?
@LaxerFL 26 күн бұрын
Echo... echo...echo... Did you guys not hear how horrible his voice sounded when you were editing this video? Need to hang some blankets on the walls behind the camera or something, it sounds like he talking inside an empty tim can...
@TheNinthGenerarion 26 күн бұрын
The holes on the front are how you modify the keyboard to the entry motor. The physical hardware also had to be identical to undo the messages, and it can’t be edited, it had to be identical. If you’re making a permanent version on a mass scale, why not use the easiest pattern to build?
@535tony 27 күн бұрын
The British were always walking a tightrope when it came to the information they got from the code breaking. If they used it too much it would tip off the Germans. If they used it too little lives would be lost.
@57thorns 27 күн бұрын
Regardless of how you set up the plugboard, it is still only a simple substitution cipher. It has nothing to do with pairs. The main problems for the Enigma is that you solve them in order, first you get the wheel order and wheel settings using a number of Bomb machine equivalents. The rotor combinations do require brute forces, but you only need about 1000 12-wheel machines to do a full parallel brute force search on that part. Each of these machines figure out the ring setting using current for parallell processing (back in the early 2000s when Enigma code breaking details were first release, you could run the program that simulates the Bomb at approximately the same speed as the real machine, so about 10-15 minutes to find a possible ring setting, which was read out and checked). Once you have the ring setting, you have a message in German that is encrypted using a substitution cipher, with several known substitutions because of the cribs. And this is there the pairing comes in, as you get a free substitution with each one you have.
@57thorns 27 күн бұрын
I believe there were special variants that had a printer instead of the light board, and that printer could be place in another room. That way the operator(s) never saw the decrypted message.
@57thorns 27 күн бұрын
Really interesting to get an overview of why the flaws were there. the human errors that they prevented and the complexity avoided. Looking forward to the explanations of how procedures would have been able to obfuscate some of the flaws. But in the end, I believe the Germans knew that the machine could be cracked, they just did not think that someone would spend the equivalent resource of the Manhattan Project or the 1960s Moon program on cracking it. But the Allies did have resources available that the Germans simply did not, and could afford to do two of those during the war.
@thomasbjarnelof2143 29 күн бұрын
What if the plug-board was between the rotots and the lamps, od the keyboard and the rotors. Then you could encrypt a letter to it self.
@cigmorfil4101 23 күн бұрын
Not due to the wiring of the machine. Each wire from the entry wheel went to the stecker board and then to the keyboard/lamp board. The lamps were connected to the battery -ve, and a change over switch, the keyboard switch, connected the entry wheel (via stecker board) to either the bulb (key unpressed) or the battery +ve (key pressed). The bulb for the pressed letter was physically disconnected from the battery->stecker->rotors->stecker->bulb path - it was physically impossible for the pressed key bulb to light up.
@KENKENNIFF 29 күн бұрын
I recommend Simon Singhs book about Enigma, even I understood it, although I read somewhere that you could read everything about Bletchley Park and still not know what really went on.
@greenhaloxbox3850 Ай бұрын
The worst security flaw is as you said, the human factor. Had a less predictable style of daily broadcast been used like robin Williams good morning Vietnam ( and yes i know the Germans were too uptight for that level of nonsense) it would have been far harder to break enigma.
@jfbeam 29 күн бұрын
Well, they did start every day with a weather report that literally started with "weather report"... they did the same damned thing with far less humor.
@aronhidman1 Ай бұрын
Bletchley park should be a le to afford a proper microphone.
@kit888 Ай бұрын
Did the Germans pad the start and end of their messages with random words like the Americans did? How big a factor is this? Would encrypting messages twice using two Enigmas with different settings have helped, like triple DES?
@cigmorfil4101 23 күн бұрын
Dunno about padding, but the Germans used radio nets which each had their own settings for the Enigma - the different nets could not decrypt traffic on another net. If a message was required to be transmitted across two radio nets, at the "gateway" Station which was part of two nets the message would be transmitted encrypted on the first net, received, decrypted, re-encrypted for the second net and sent on. Unless the message was rephrased this provided a mega crib for breaking a second net: if the message was broken on one net - the plaintext of the message received on the second net would be known! It did happen allowing multiple nets to be broken quickly once a multi-net message was found.
@Yunners Ай бұрын
1. No Wifi 2. No Blu Tooth 3. Can't install Apps 4. No USB support 5. Can't change the desktop theme Otherwise it's pretty good.
@gowdsake7103 Ай бұрын
My wifes grandfather knew and worked with Tommy on many things . The post office back then was far more than the joke it is now
@christiangeiselmann Ай бұрын
It is an enigma to me why you did not use a better audio setup.
@gowdsake7103 Ай бұрын
Biggest one was the operators
@KW-ei3pi Ай бұрын
INT-int-ER-er-EST-est-ING-ing IN-in-FOR-for-MA-ma-TION-tion.
@IsYitzach Ай бұрын
The entry wheel is the equivalent of password123.
@dmartin4414 Ай бұрын
A suggestion "for the next presentation video"? Demonstrate a short example - maybe a sentence such as "Good morning, how are you?" Anything really. Demonstrate how the initial rotor settings would be set, how the code book interacted - and then demonstrate how it would be received, if possible. A short "tutorial", if you will.
@dmartin4414 Ай бұрын
"Very few of them left." "When you say, 'very few' - ten, twenty?" "Maybe three-hundred-and-fifty". ??????? I believe the wrong rotor settings were used when defining and translating "very few".
@danielv5825 Ай бұрын
I had no idea Bletchley Park had a channel, and I'm now subscribed. I've heard this and don't know if it's true; there was a German guardpost in North Africa (I've heard it described as being in the canyon south of El Alemain) that the British deliberately left alone. The thinking supposedly was that no attack was possible through that area, so it was of limited military importance. However, every day the German soldiers would dutifully send the encrypted message "[Today's date] Nothing to report, HH" which the British would dutifully intercept and send to Bletchley Park to help with cribbing attacks. I must ask, does anyone know if this is true? As a former security guard, I know all too well the tedium of guarding something that nobody is interested in, and dutifully filling out the same paperwork day after day. It tickles me pink to imagine this paperwork helps undermine the war effort of an entire nation.
@BletchleyParkTrust Ай бұрын
This is true! Satisfyingly it is mentioned in Gordon Welchman's book 'The Hut Six Story' and in contemporary documents. As you say the station was in the Qattara Depression, and the crib was 'Nacht verlauf ruehig' ('quiet night'). The station was eventually attacked and went off the air, forcing Hut 6 to find new cribs for that key (unfortunately I don't know which key it was). Best, Tom
@jonadabtheunsightly Ай бұрын
I had a way to mitigate the inability to encipher a letter as itself, with only a little extra wiring (by changing how the plugboard works); I wrote it up in detail, and then I realized its fatal flaw: it didn't leave the self-deciphering property intact. Which would theoretically be even better for cipher security... except that it also means you need distinct setups for encoding and decoding, which is a problematic level of complexity when ordinary military officers are going to be operating the thing. So yeah, that's probably why they didn't do it that way. So yeah, I guess we either have to invent modern computers and private/public key-pair cryptography, or base our codes on a natural language for which our side has a total monopoly on native speakers. Or train our people to the point where they don't do stuff like use predictable wording on a predictable schedule.
@pierreabbat6157 Ай бұрын
What happened to the P key?
@alaeriia01 Ай бұрын
It's in the bottom left, next to the Y. The main reason is to make the rows relatively even.
@OldManAndTheSeaOfTooManyCats Ай бұрын
What was the WPM output I wonder…
@sidewinder666666 Ай бұрын
I wonder if it was actually MPW. ;)
@peterjohnston4088 Ай бұрын
Fascinating.Could there also be a psychological reason for not encrypting a letter as itself, as the user might suspect that the equipment had developed a fault?
@thomaswalder4808 Ай бұрын
It was a technical reason because the Germans wanted to send the signal two times through the rotors - there was a reflector after the last rotor which sends the signal back in opposite direction through the rotors (called "Umkehrwalze"). But electric current could not flow back in the same wire
@peterjohnston4088 Ай бұрын
@@thomaswalder4808 Well, yes but my point is that the video also explains that it is possible with extra complexity and expense, but this may be an additional reason why this was not done.
@cigmorfil4101 23 күн бұрын
@@peterjohnston4088 When a key was pressed it disconnected to path to the bulb for that letter (which then went to battery -ve) and connected the battery +ve to the wire to the rotor-reflector pack. To enable the machine to allow self encryption would require that every wire within the machine had to be doubled: each rotor could have been wired like the drums of the bombe machines with 2×rings of 26 connectors on each side (an inner and outer ring) so that the path was through two different sets of wires within the rotors. The reflector would then have one of the outer ring contacts connected to the inner ring contacts - if any was connected to the same position, then self encryption could occur. At the other end 26 wires would go to the keyboard (say outer ring) and 26 would go to the bulbs (the inner ring). However, to permit steckering, the stecker board would require another 52 sets of connectors: the original 52 for the keyboard and a new 52 for the bulbs. The net result would be a much more complex machine with a greater chance of failure, and considering the number built, much greater cost. An improvement would have been the use of single stecker wires, but complete loops would need to be made: the stecker cables were cross wired with the top connector of one plug connected to the bottom conector of the other plug, thus A became B and B became A. However, but using single wires, A could become B, B->C and C->A (from keyboard/light board - the reverse (C->B, B->A, A->C would happen from rotors). The problem with this is that if the top of any letter is steckered to the bottom of any other, then its bottom also needs to be steckered to the top of another letter (and vice-versa); this is prone to human error - the double plug cross wired cables as used removes this (as plugging A-> automagically plugs B->A).