Thank you!

Gary, glad the video helped. I use layers a lot in CAD. But I still have some issues with layers in my photo editing program. Still learning, I guess. Dave

Hi Rene, I believe you are probably right about how AnyRail converts from metric to Imperial units. I am sure a small amount of error creeps in. But having said that, I would be very hesitant to take anything that was designed in AnyRail as the gospel truth. Especially if I am printing out sections to use as templates for laying down my track. I have found over the years that printers are not all that accurate when it comes to printing 1:1 scale. There always seems to be a bit of difference in the X or Y dimensions. Whenever we did panel layouts for electronic projects at work, we always made sure that we measured the printouts twice before drilling and if necessary reprinted until the printer decided to behave and print the drawing as we wanted it. Maybe a high-quality printer won't have this problem, but the Epson's and HPs always did. Going to a 32nd of an inch or higher is definitely an option but it makes the job of just pointing and clicking more difficult. You're right about how an error can creep in and, over 5 tracks probably not an issue. Something to keep in mind and if I ever get back to the series, it's something I will bring up. Good catch! Thanks! Dave

Hi. Yes. All of the EAS equipment was owned by FEMA. We installed it. Well, we installed the portions that were directly in the audio path. I did not want a FEMA person messing with my audio chain. Yes, FEMA could grab the Sage directly and go on the air. All of those details on how it all worked are now a bit hazy after being retired for almost 6 years. Dave

You know, I don't know. I don't think it does. You could isolate sections of your grade temporarily and turn on the grade display and see. If not I suppose you could isolate sections at the beginning of the grade and apply a different gradient to each one. But that may take up quite a bit of track and if you have a space like mine, I wouldn't have the room. I'm happy if I can keep the grade at 3% or below. Dave

Thank you for the nice words! Dave

Thank you. I appreciate it! Dave

Gary. Thank you! Dave

Hey. Yeah. It is Video 13 'Adding the Layout Photo to Your Room Drawing'. I believe the reason they are out of order is because I realized later that not everyone would know how to get the image from a magazine, etc. Dave

Thank you for the kind words. Glad they were helpful. Dave

@@steampoweredradio2981 do you know anywhere i could go to have someone help me design a layout i have my bench work built but cant seem to get a good design

Hi Taz, this is a video I started and stopped out of frustration several times last year. There is not a real good way to design the benchwork or sub-roadbed in AnyRail. You have to create a box for each benchwork item and then specify its length. It was just way too time consuming and as I said frustrating, so I abandoned the idea. You can do basic benchwork edges and I have but anything more detailed is way beyond what AnyRail is capable of. Dave

Hi Alan, yeah there is nothing more annoying than getting home after a long day at the transmitter only to have the studio call you and say they have no remote control. I learned my lesson back in 1980 in Los Angeles. Don't think I ever did it again but I probably just erased the next incident from my memory. One nice thing about my CBS stations was we had two remote controls running in parallel so even if you did forget to put one back into remote there was always the other one. Been retired 5+ years now for me and I don't miss it at all. Dave

Brian, sorry I haven't answered before this. I haven't used AnyRail for a bit now. I may not be running that version. I'll try and check that soon. Dave

The kitchenette is really cool and quite a collectors item. I hope that the engineers that have and will come after me will keep it there. It is part of the KCBS story. Each power amplifier in the DX50 is made up of two Class D switching amplifiers. Each one uses 4 MosFETs, so eight MosFets per amplifier module. The MOSFETs are IRF350. There are 128 power amps in the DX50.

@@steampoweredradio2981 Thank you for your reply. Very interesting, so your telling me there are over 1,000 individual mosfets used in the stations amp section?. I have some old vacuum tube mono block HiFi amps and a couple of Ham radio linears, using the 3-500z vacuum tube. I find AF and RF amplification quite fascinating, but havn't ventured into the Mosfet World yet. I have noticed that Mr.Carlsons lab has watched your video, I watch alot of his videos of KZbin, he is one smart character that's for sure. Take care and thanks again for responding. Regards Eric Dee.

Thanks. I had a blast working there and maintaining that site.

Thanks. My boss and I took pride in keeping it clean. I haven't been there in years so I hope it is still in the same condition. I know there have been a lot of changes to the racks. Maybe I will go and visit it some day.

Thank you. I'm glad my videos helped you with the program.

Thanks. Getting to play with all sorts of electronic goodies was one of the best things about the job.

Yeah, I know. I really meant to go back and rerecord the whole thing with a lavalier mic, but time just ran out and retirement looked like more fun than redoing the video.

Intendi come prendere il progetto e tracciare i binari quando costruisci la tua ferrovia? Spero che Google Translate faccia un buon lavoro sulla mia domanda.

Hi sorry I didn't respond sooner. 2 inches is about right but you have to have a little more distance on curves and that distance also depends on the radius of the curve. As for your second question, I don't know. I would look for info from one of the many model railroad design groups out there. Dave

Hi George. That is unusual. I can't really think of anything other than somehow, you created a section that is colored red. Click anywhere on the track and the Ribbon bar will change to the Track tab. Then look at the right side of the Ribbon and see if the "Remove Sections" button has popped up. It will have a little colored line at the top and a red X above the Remove Sections text. Click on that it will remove the section and color and put it back to normal. I am assuming you can still edit the track plan? It has only changed color. Hope this helps. If not maybe ask someone in the AnyRail forums. Dave

Thank you for your reply I kind of feel a little embarrassed I don not remember touching the color ribbon but I must have and would not have even thought to look at that even if I knew it was there. Thank you very much.

The introduction of high frequency mos-fets really helped the solid state scene, especially for FM transmitters. The DX50 that KCBS uses was introduced around 1990. There were several other earlier solid state am transmitters but I don't really recall the exact history and they weren't very successful. There were also some early, 1970 or so, hybrid solid state. The Gates Vanguard 1 comes to mind. It had transistors all the way up to the final output section which was a tube.

Hi Paul, AM radio stations use ground radials buried in the, well, ground. The radials are typically as long as the tower is high and spaced every three degrees. Where you have a directional station, like KCBS, where the radials from the towers meet, they are bonded together with a large copper cable or sometimes copper strap. Some stations, like KCBS, also use what is called a counter-poise. This is a raised copper screen or wires, that extend around the base of the tower 40 feet or so and then the buried ground radials attach to the end of the counterpoise. The counter-poise tends to reduce changes in the resistance/reactance of the tower itself under varying weather conditions of the soil around the tower. Dave

Derek, Oh that made me laugh. No, I don't think she died but is probably on life support. Seriously, most of last year was taken up with a lot of personal stuff and I just didn't get back to doing any videos. Then I had a rather annoying medical issue that I think is finally resolving itself. I am actually working on a track plan for myself that is a bit unusual in design and have been thinking it might make a good video for plans that aren't quite the norm. It is from a published track plan. Hopefully the medical and personal problems will ease in the next couple of months and I'll go back and refresh my memory on all of the things I talked about previously and make some more videos. I want to tackle printing the plan sometime. Thank you for your concern. Dave

@@steampoweredradio2981 I hope that you are okay and that your medical and personal concerns get better. I hope to hear from you soon.

Hi, When KCBS says HD1 they are talking about the FM. FM hd consists of several things. The first is the standard analog signal, just like everyone has been receiving forever. On top of that, we add a digital signal. The digital signal allows us to allocate a certain amount of bits per second to each of the audio channels we wish to add. The HD1 refers to the first digital stream which mirrors the analog audio. This way if you have a digital radio, it will switch to the HD1 signal, away from the analog, but, if the digital fades, the radio will blend the audio back to the analog signal. It will stay on the analog until the signal strength on the digital is strong enough and it is receiving enough digital data to decode properly. The digital signal has a lot less power than the analog. If I remember right, KFRC FM was 80,000 watts and the digital was in the 1500 watt range. Been 5 years since I worked on those transmitters. In addition to the HD1, you can have other audio channels as well, HD2, HD3, etc. There is also room in the data stream for information like artist, song title and album artwork. But each time you add a HD channel you use more of the data. The most we ever had on any of our stations was an HD3 and this was at 16kbps, so the audio bandwidth was only 8khz mono. Not high fidelity but good enough for the programming.

Michael, There is no 3B. When I recorded that video I thought there would be but I discovered that I covered most of what would be in 3B in Video 3 and in another video. I should change the title card to reflect that. Dave

@@steampoweredradio2981 Thanks Dave. I’m about 3/4 of the way thru the rest of them. Keep up the good work! Mike

Steve, thank you! Dave

Yep. There was no coffee up there. Mountain Dew was my goto caffein source and our Director of Engineering drank tea. I am one of five people in all of radio who don't drink coffee. we're all on a first name basis. Dave