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@jacobfavret1729
@jacobfavret1729 3 күн бұрын
Unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man you don’t have life in you. Who is the Son of Man, Steve? Daniel 7:13-14. Is that mentioned in your book at all?
@1rtt1
@1rtt1 4 күн бұрын
John 8:58. Consider this. God re-created himself in human form in order to walk in the steps of man so he could truly feel the way of his creation. And that as he walked earth as Jesus he was able to understand better how his creations acted. As he grew in body he also grew in Spirit until his final climax in order to wash away our sins and salvage us, his creations. Fire and Brimstone was replaced by Water and Forgiveness. I believe that since we are so full of ourselves and lessons learned in the past are being pushed aside due to our continuance as a people. We have forgotten who we really are and have placed ourselves on selfish pedestals. Fire and Brimstone may just be how God will right our wrongs once again. And we will all wish for a return of God in the form of Jesus and his forgiveness.
@1rtt1
@1rtt1 4 күн бұрын
Jesus claimed that himself. And being that he is God that would be the case.
@jacobfavret1729
@jacobfavret1729 5 күн бұрын
“I’m not going to refer to these other texts.” Because they bury your argument 😂 Brother, do you genuinely believe this argument or are you just making it? Do you believe in God? The deity of Christ? Would you agree that John’s Gospel is not meant to be taken line for line but as a collective? Just to start with the problems you’ve run into: When Jesus refers to Himself as The Son of Man given ETERNAL dominion over all Language, Nation, and People (Daniel 7:13-14) how can you argue the Logos of God, as you appealed to the Greek, is NOT eternal? You’ve already claimed it’s manifestation of flesh IS Jesus, so don’t go back on that. Either you claim the Word of God is separate from God and not eternal, therefore Jesus is created and you run into a whole two millennia of refutation, or you claim the Word is one with God, therefore it has to be eternal which is what the text reads. You can’t have your cake and eat it too. Making sense? What is your degree in? Are you familiar with biblical teachings claiming God hides His revelation from the learned and gifts it to babes? The Bible is spiritually encrypted, you can read the words every day but until God blesses you with revelation it will never make sense. Case in point your almost hour long semantical game that fails to address even the most basic of arguments for the deity of Christ. Can you address Hebrews 1? Or give me time stamp, I can’t listen to this for that long and I apologize. I am genuinely here to learn, but your argument screams lack of honesty. I’m sure you’ve been waiting for a comment that addresses your argument, so fire away. I am far less educated than you claim to be.
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 5 күн бұрын
@@jacobfavret1729 Thank you for your comment.
@jacobfavret1729
@jacobfavret1729 4 күн бұрын
@@drstevennemes oh you coward, you’re only here for the guys that stroke your ego? You don’t want to engage with your own arguments? Cmon man, and you claim to be a theologian? Do you know what intellectual dishonesty is, I’m not trying to insult you but you just ran from someone addressing your arguments. Why? This is the problem with you anti-trinitarian, you have to cherry pick verses and play semantics then when someone comes with a shred of scripture you turn cheek and run. You understand that’s exactly what you did? Everybody saw it. Why do you have a KZbin channel? You want to callously lie to people or do you want to engage? Please keep my comments so others can read.
@jacobfavret1729
@jacobfavret1729 3 күн бұрын
@@drstevennemes Steve, can you address my arguments on your page? Can you let us know what you’re arguing for? Is Christ a divine person of the Godhead? Was he made by God? Your followers are confused!
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 3 күн бұрын
@@jacobfavret1729 Thank you for your comment. No, I’m not going to address your comments. I’m going to specifically ignore them. If you want to know what I’m arguing, you can watch the video or read the abstract in the description. If you want to know what else I think, you can read my published works or watch other videos on my channel.
@jacobfavret1729
@jacobfavret1729 3 күн бұрын
@@drstevennemes Wow so why do you make videos? You want to spread lies about the Lord Jesus? Do you even agree with this garbage or do you enjoy touting your ego to a minority? As you couldn’t think of anything profound enough to write for the Glory of the Triune God. I’ll check out your other videos but this clique isn’t going to enjoy the way I engage with them. Already have one of the guys stroking you off lying about historicity claiming to know it. Don’t like my tone? Stop lying and repent.
@AaronGardner98
@AaronGardner98 6 күн бұрын
I fascinating video, Dr. Nemes. I’ve always attended Trinitarian churches my entire life, though over the past several years, I’ve come to realize that I am not a Nicene-Constantinapolitan-type Trinitarian. As you’ve identified, there is no language in the New Testament which describes Jesus and the Father as part of a coequal, consubstantial triad, and lots of language which suggests otherwise. A few questions for you, if you’d be so kind: Is there room for being a non-Nicene-type (subordinationist) Trinitarian, or do you think one must make the leap to full unitarianism? As I cannot affirm Nicene-type Trinitarianism (and am therefore a heretic according to mainstream Christianity), is it wrong to continue to attend a Trinitarian church which would affirm the Nicene creed? Thank you!
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 5 күн бұрын
Thank you for your comment. In response to your questions: 1. I am not inclined to subordinationist trinitarianism. In my book, I defend a kind of revisionist trinitarianism which has some resonances in Valentinianism and other gnostic-adjacent traditions. 2. I think you should go to church wherever you want, if they’ll have you. I would not cause trouble with others and probably keep my opinions to myself.
@AaronGardner98
@AaronGardner98 5 күн бұрын
@@drstevennemes thank you for your response. I don’t know much about Valentinianism. Is it even possible to briefly sum up in one or two sentences the sort of revisionist trinitarianism you can defend? If that’s too difficult, I understand. Even though I’ve been a Christian for 35 years (the vast majority of my life), I struggle with the truth of Christianity for several reasons that you have interacted with recently. One being how “orthodox” Christianity seems to have arrived at a post-biblical concept of God, and another being just how very different Christian ethics and virtues are described in the NT in contrast to how YHWH is portrayed in Torah (as your video from a few weeks ago addressed). It all honestly makes me feel like the biblical authors were just making things up as they went. I’m familiar with progressive forms of Christianity that don’t require dogmatics or biblical inerrancy, but I’m curious about what compels you personally to maintain your faith? Why do you believe that Christianity is “true” at all? Thank you again for your engagement. I sincerely appreciate your work.
@jacobfavret1729
@jacobfavret1729 4 күн бұрын
You’ve never read language in the NT that Jesus is coequal? Wow. I’ll give you from John to start then I will appeal to the OT, if you’re honest in your response you can keep coming back for more. John 5:22-23 “The Father judges no one, but has given all judgement to the Son, that all may honor the Son just as they honor the Father.” Jesus is saying honor me as you honor my Father. How do you honor the Father, God Almighty? Worship, glory, praise. He’s saying give the same to the Son. One of the verses this guy ran from is Hebrews 1:8. Why? God the Father speaks to God the Son, “your throne, oh God, is forever and ever.” So not only is Jesus telling you to honor the Son as you honor the Father, the Father is giving Jesus the same worship, glory, and praise. In every gospel Jesus claims to be The Son of Man, not a son of man, but The Son of Man found in Daniel 7:13-14. A distinct person given a throne in Heaven seated next to The Ancient of Days, another distinct person, and given eternal dominion over all language, nation, and people. This is from an Old Testament passage written hundreds of years before Jesus. How do you anti-trinitarian grapple with this? The triunity of the Godhead is in every book of the Bible, but it takes “alternative readings” to see around it. Don’t believe me? Go look at my comment on this video. He runs from my arguments, and I bet he won’t address this either. It’s an open challenge, Steve!
@AaronGardner98
@AaronGardner98 4 күн бұрын
@@jacobfavret1729 it’s someone ironic that the passage of scripture you chose to share demonstrates a clear handing down of authority from the Father to the Son. This is authority is not inherent, as one cannot be given what one already possesses. There are tons of passages like this in the NT, and they all demonstrate that the Father and Son are not “coequal”. The Son is given authority by the Father, can only do the will of the Father, doesn’t know all that the Father knows, and delivers the kingdom to the Father for the glory of the Father. There is clear subordinationist language all throughout the NT.
@jacobfavret1729
@jacobfavret1729 4 күн бұрын
@@AaronGardner98 Wrong because the Son is eternally begot of the Father. Do you know what eternal means in Christian theology? You would have to make an argument that Jesus is created, so let’s see it. Otherwise your point is null. Now let’s go back to the text please. What does eternal dominion mean? Daniel is seeing a vision of Heaven, this didn’t happen a few hundred years before Jesus was on this planet it was recorded at that time. So your whole argument is bust, and unsubstantiated. You also don’t address Hebrews where the Father is glorifying the Son who existed BEFORE creation. This Jesus that existed before creation is telling you to glorify Him as you glorify God the Father in Heaven. So try again. See what I mean about honesty? I can’t move on because you want to stick yourself on your little Unitarian hill that doesn’t exist within the text. Are you arguing for modalism or arianism? You can’t have it both ways, and you certainly can’t make up your own theology. So let’s try again my man.
@matthewcunliffe6500
@matthewcunliffe6500 6 күн бұрын
Perhaps the IQ statement was meant the opposite way you took it? You are showing intellect by analysing scripture and coming to different conclusions than those who blindly follow what they are told. Personally I don't think a high IQ is required because God can open up scripture to the simple minded if they have a humble heart. You have been humble enough to look deeper and change your mind about what you believed. Keep up the good work.
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 6 күн бұрын
@@matthewcunliffe6500 Thank you for your comment.
@jacobfavret1729
@jacobfavret1729 4 күн бұрын
Humility and anti-trinitarianism don’t mix. The Bible is clear on the triunity of the Godhead. This is why he has to present an alternative reading with the caveat of not addressing specific passages. Go look on my comment that he ran from, let’s see if one of you will be honest.
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 4 күн бұрын
@@jacobfavret1729 Thank you for your comment. I address the passages you mention in my book, which I am reading from in this video. I invite you to buy it to find out what I say. I would offer to send you a copy for free, but you are too annoying and hostile. You don’t deserve it.
@jacobfavret1729
@jacobfavret1729 4 күн бұрын
@@drstevennemes 😂😂 and you don’t deserve to have a platform that spreads lies and misinformation, if you want to play that game. Why don’t you address my comment man? If this is the correct reading you should have plenty of evidence to teach me from. But you can’t because it doesn’t exist, or you don’t want to be caught in a gotcha which is fine. Don’t like my tone? You’re posting on a public platform lies about the Lord Jesus and I’m called to correct you unto honesty and repentance. I wouldn’t read your book anyway man, but like I said if you provide a time stamp I’ll go watch it. But you didn’t, you ran. Surely a doctor of theology (still didn’t answer me on your credentials) can deal with the arguments of a 23 year old self taught apologist. The Truth is impossible to argue against though which is why we’re not going to get anywhere.
@Jano342000
@Jano342000 6 күн бұрын
Hey Dr. Nemes, are you familiar with the argument put forward by scholars Wayne Meeks, Troels Engberg-Pedersen, and Gitte Buch-Hansen that Jesus is an example of one who has been born from above? The argument goes something like this, in John 3:8 the criteria for one who has been born from above is that when people encounter them they won't know where they come nor where they are going. In John 8:14, 9:29 Jesus confuses people because they don't know where he's from. In John 8:21-22, 13:33, 36, and 14:4-5 Jesus confuses people because they also don't know where he's going. So, in this book Jesus shows signs of being one who was born from above. I thought this might supplement your argument that something important happened at the Jordan when he received the spirit (John 1:30-34). I blogged about this idea here if you want read a fuller explanation. thinkingtheologically342000.wordpress.com/2023/05/19/does-jesus-refer-to-himself-in-john-31-8/ If this idea makes sense do you think it should play a role in how we interpret the theme of misunderstanding in the Gospel of John? Could it be that Jesus constantly misunderstood because he's been born from above and that "comes with the territory" so to speak? Thanks.
@coreyevans9543
@coreyevans9543 6 күн бұрын
Love that comment at the end you made regarding a person's mindset about their eternal destiny. That is such a governing factor when it comes to the discussion of the topic of Jesus's deity. Thanks for the time you're taking to do this. Really appreciate it and the logical exegesis you provide.
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 6 күн бұрын
Thank you for your comment!
@Cato1006
@Cato1006 6 күн бұрын
Thanks Steven, I have most of your books. I hope you continue to write and post videos, I have learned alot from you.
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 6 күн бұрын
@@Cato1006 Thank you for your comment!
@LoveAndLiberty02
@LoveAndLiberty02 6 күн бұрын
Good stuff!
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 6 күн бұрын
Thank you for your comment.
@levilower9524
@levilower9524 7 күн бұрын
Thanks for your video
@Jlmapologist
@Jlmapologist 7 күн бұрын
Thank you so much for this video, Dr Nemes! Is there any social media platform where I can contact you and probably text chat on certain topics regarding the catholic fundamental doctrines and notions? I am a Unitarian and interested in the philosophical framework.
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 6 күн бұрын
Thank you for your comment. You can send me an email through my website: stevennemes.com
@steveclark8538
@steveclark8538 7 күн бұрын
See: Concise Overview of the Critique of Jesus of Nazareth-DCS
@idris_haris_al-kalima
@idris_haris_al-kalima 8 күн бұрын
Have you considered that it is possible that the one nature of Christ is divine only in so far as he is the Word of God, rather than the very person of God? This would imply that God's Word only receives its authourity from the very person of God and its power from the very Spirit of God which is Wisdom. What is a word without he who speaks it, could it ever be heard? But Christ is always connected to God. What is a word without any wisdom, it is not but sharp blade in hands of child cannot be wielded to any great effect? Even if the child could wield it, it wouldn't be to great effect. Thus was Christ without the Spirit, so what if he could have in theory done miracles without the Spirit, raise dead, create life from clay, those are nothing compared to truly changing a person's heart. Now about the of side of Christ. His same one nature is only human in so far as he is the very image and likeness of God physical and finite form. For what is written of God's creation of man has been read, 'So God created man in his image, in the image of God created He him; ...' but the same could be read as, 'So God created man by his image, by the image of God created He him; ...' Thus it is theorically possible that even if Christ has power of God in and of himself, it would be improper for him use it without permission from God, for he being the Word of God cannot usurp equality with God, as although he is God, but also a faithful servant of God. Kabbalah has a name for such a man, and he is Adam Kadmon. Christ being in flesh means he can die, for only flesh dies, and while the spirit in death moves to either paradise or the grave, the spirit is still very much alive, yet when one died, just be a part him lives, doesn't mean he lives, thus I can say, "The LORD my God died for me, and yet He lives forevermore, amin." The spirit of men is immortal, yet death terrifies even the spirit of men, for the spirit wills to be in its body. So what is the difference in the natures spirit of God and that of men? Nothing that make a human being who has the spirit of God any less human, in fact I would argue it would make Christ more human than other humans because to be human is to be a living image of God Himself, yet we are barely human, we fall short of His Glory, even of the gloy which by nature we ought to have, yet we failed for we sought to become gods without having the Wissdom of God, how foolish are we?
@dejuanbattles6062
@dejuanbattles6062 8 күн бұрын
i pray the Lord brings you to the truth and grants you repentance so that you start worshiping the correct God. PRAISE THE ONE AND ONLY TRIUNE GOD. PRAISE THE FATHER PRAISE THE SON AND PRAISE THE HOLY SPIRIT. Peace be with you🙏🏽
@leonceboudreauxwolf
@leonceboudreauxwolf 8 күн бұрын
Just think about all them that write pages and pages of inane ramblings trying to make it not so because they havw no spiritual insight. Imagine that
@elliotspilsbury4059
@elliotspilsbury4059 8 күн бұрын
Nice vid! I wonder if the instance of Irenaeus' use of "bishop" and "presbyter" in the same sentence might indicate two different roles for the same person, maybe something to the effect of presbyter = pastoral duties, bishop = administrative duties. Similar to how you'd call Joel and Ethan Coen the "screenwriters and directors of Fargo", as both persons fill both roles.
@mrmaat
@mrmaat 8 күн бұрын
This is hilarious. Adults taking ritual cannibalism and vampirism incredibly seriously and writing pages and pages of inane ramblings trying to make it coherent. I’m looking forward to your video on the true nature of horcruxes.
@ifgfqageneration6939
@ifgfqageneration6939 8 күн бұрын
The people that knew the guys that new the guy thought differently to you. You believe guys that arrived on the scene 1500 years late......
@Church888
@Church888 9 күн бұрын
Catholicism vs Relativism 🤓
@gideonopyotuadebo2304
@gideonopyotuadebo2304 9 күн бұрын
EUCHARIST isi ANTILAW Deuteronomy 12:23-25 ASV Only be sure that thou eat not the blood: for the blood is the life; and thou shalt not eat the life with the flesh. [24] Thou shalt not eat it; thou shalt pour it out upon the earth as water. [25] Thou shalt not eat it; that it may go well with thee, and with thy children after thee, when thou shalt do that which is right in the eyes of Jehovah. Perverting the pass over to EUCHARIST is antilaw
@MichaelVFlowers
@MichaelVFlowers 9 күн бұрын
My review of your book is supposed to be coming out before the end of the year. It didn't make it into the last issue because there was already a review of one of your other books.
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 9 күн бұрын
@@MichaelVFlowers wow! I hope you liked it! Which journal?
@crisgon9552
@crisgon9552 10 күн бұрын
St Augustine: “What you see is the bread and the chalice; that is what your own eyes report to you. But what your faith obliges you to accept is that the bread is the body of Christ and the chalice is the blood of Christ. This has been said very briefly, which may perhaps be sufficient for faith; yet faith does not desire instruction” St John Chrysostom: “It is not the man who is responsible for the offerings as they become Christ’s Body and Blood; it is Christ Himself who was crucified for us. The standing figure belongs to the priest who speaks these words. The power and the grace belong to God. ‘This is My Body,’ he says. And these words transform the offerings.” St Cyril of Jerusalem: “Since Christ Himself has said, ‘This is My Body,’ who shall dare to doubt that it is His Body?”
@jotink1
@jotink1 10 күн бұрын
Jesus reply to his murmuring disciples in v62 is clear evidence to me that they did not have eating Jesus flesh on their mind. It is clear from Jesus who read their minds that it was him coming down from heaven that concerned them. This being the case it is impossible for Jesus to have meant we literally eat Jesus flesh and drink his blood.
@johnbiggs7181
@johnbiggs7181 9 күн бұрын
When they said to themselves “This saying is hard; who can accept it?” They were talking about something he hadn’t yet said?
@jotink1
@jotink1 9 күн бұрын
@@johnbiggs7181 I believe they were responding to what Jesus had said previously because the following verse says they were gumbling about (this), which presumes it was something Jesus had previously said. It continues with Jesus knowing within himself what they were grumbling about. It implies Jesus knew their very thoughts. His reply was in direct relationship to what they were thinking or grumbling about and Jesus adds it was offensive. His reply in v62 to their grumbling and the offence has no relationship to eating his flesh and drinking his blood. It does have a clear relationship to what Jesus said previously that he was the bread that came down from heaven. They left him after his reply in v66 because it was this reply which was the straw that broke the camels back.
@joekey8464
@joekey8464 8 күн бұрын
"will you also go away?" The Lord's question echoes through the ages, as a loving invitation to discover that only he has "the words of eternal life" and that to receive in faith the gift of his Eucharist is to receive the Lord himself.
@jotink1
@jotink1 8 күн бұрын
@@joekey8464 Yes but the Eucharist does not change from being bread and wine. Christ is not locally present and that is true even if you accept what is called the real presence. Christ is really present but not locally present so in some way we are receiving Christ but how are we receiving him that is the question. Is he present in the bread and wine? Or by or through eating the bread and wine?
@joekey8464
@joekey8464 8 күн бұрын
@@jotink1 Every single consecrated host is sacred to the church. The church believes that the host is the body of Christ. Christ is present in every tabernacle in a church. Adoration is meditation and prayer in front of a scared host. Eucharistic miracles show, bleeding hosts to be a tissue of a human heart with similar signs as those seen in tissue after the agony of death.
@mikechristian-vn1le
@mikechristian-vn1le 10 күн бұрын
I think the idea is that Jesus' body died but Christ is spirit and so survived.
@Gospel_of_John_3.16
@Gospel_of_John_3.16 12 күн бұрын
Roman Catholics are misunderstanding Matthew 16:18. The confession that "Jesus is the Christ the Son of God" is the only foundational truth that Christ builds His church on. Peter’s confession is the rock. And therefore each member of the congregation must begin their own personal transformation journey (born again) with their own personal confession of faith that Jesus the Son of God is the Christ.
@bluecollarphilo
@bluecollarphilo 13 күн бұрын
The discussion on Genesis 9:20-27 is fascinating. 🤔 Just combed through the index of "Crucifixion of the Warrior God" because I didn't remember Gregory Boyd addressing that in his chapters on the conquest of Canaan, and it looks like that passage isn't even mentioned. Nice to have something new to think about on this topic!
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 13 күн бұрын
@@bluecollarphilo Thank you for your comment!
@Dizerner
@Dizerner 13 күн бұрын
*12 reasons I believe Jesus is God:* 1. A mere creation cannot have eternally co-existed with God. 2. A mere creation cannot have co-created the world. 3. A mere creation cannot be enough to atone for an infinite crime against holiness. 4. A mere creation cannot contain the principle of life itself inside it. 5. A mere creation cannot destroy the power of death in itself. 6. A mere creation cannot receive praise and devotion from every created thing. 7. A mere creation cannot hold all authority in heaven and earth. 8. A mere creation would have admonitions not to idolize or worship it. 9. A mere creation cannot potentially directly live inside of all human beings. 10. A mere creation would not ever be directly associated with anything divine. 11. A mere creation cannot demand that nothing be loved more than it as it would be commanding idolatry. 12. A mere creation cannot call itself the only absolute way and truth. At the point you are willing to accept all 12 things, it is virtually indistinguishable for me from God anyway, and Jesus is God to you whether you use the term "God" or not. The Father is just an order of rank above Jesus with the same attributes and this corresponds to Trinitarian theology. I believe we can find ample Scriptural evidence to support the above 12 points in both Paul and the rest of Scripture. Also when certain verses began to make me feel unsure of this, I have prayed about this directly to God for many years and received personal confirmation that this is the truth. So the question may well then be asked, "Why isn't it stated more clearly?" That's a good questions and I give a couple of reasons. 1. It is not a doctrine essential to salvation. It is very clear the 12 disciples during Christ's earthly minister did not at all fully realize who he was, and simply had a bare faith that he was a Savior, yet Jesus clearly says they were currently saved with their names written in heaven. 2. Doctrines are not required to be written out in the clearest way possible, but only to be written out in an essentially deducible way. We know the Bible condemns pedophilia without a verse that says "Thou shalt not molest children." 3. It is the "glory of kings to search out a matter" and all doctrine doesn't come by intellectually parsing the words of Scripture, but by direct revelation from God, as Jesus said "flesh and blood did not reveal this to you Peter." In light of this, I invite anyone to continue on their journey with a sincere heart towards God and fervent prayer, and am confident that in the end, if we continue and do not quit with a true humble and teachable heart, the Spirit of God will always eventually get us to true beliefs.
@jacobfavret1729
@jacobfavret1729 3 күн бұрын
He won’t respond to you, he’s scared of Jesus’s eternal nature. He brushes past it in His video on John’s gospel giving an “alternative reading” to the word becoming flesh. He’s refusing to address my arguments as well. Can any Unitarian give a reply?
@au8363
@au8363 13 күн бұрын
What is death? Could you please define death?
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 13 күн бұрын
@@au8363 Thank you for your comment. I address that question in the video.
@au8363
@au8363 13 күн бұрын
could you give me the time stamp
@au8363
@au8363 13 күн бұрын
could you also tell me if you are a unitarian as in the sense of dale tuggy?
@au8363
@au8363 13 күн бұрын
I am not familiar with you work.
@alananimus9145
@alananimus9145 13 күн бұрын
Okay so giving a more full review of the section presented here there are a number of problems we need to address. I am taking as established that Mark puts forward an adoptionist theology. I am also taking as established that the trinity is a later invention. My goal here is not to "refute" your argument, rather it is to point out things you might be over looking, help you strengthen weak arguments, or point out where you are in error. I should also state upfront that those you are responding to seem to be ignorant of "Divine Authority" and how "Divine Authority" works. They fail to recognize both in the Hebrew and the wider near east (and arguably in greek) culture individuals could be and were deputized to speak in the name of and with the full authority of divine entities. Yeshu then would not be Yahweh but would be his agent imbued with the full power and authority of Yahweh. They fundamentally misunderstand what it means to be "Given the name". -"Re-examining the Pre-Christian Jesus” in the Journal of Early Christian History 2022 -On the Confusion of Tongues 146 -On the Migration of Abraham 6 -De Somniis, I, 157 You say "On the one hand Jesus is born". This is by no means a problem as it was not uncommon for divine entities to be ensouled into mortal bodies. This was on the contrary common. The assumption in Mark is that an archangel was ensouled into a mortal frame. The two deaths are the death of the mortal body, and the descent of the divine soul into the realm of the dead (souls were believed to be immortal). The death of a soul did not mean the soul ceased existing, it meant the soul went to the "realm" of the dead. Part of the problem you are having here is you seem to want to make a universal argument when such a thing is not possible. Your argument does work if the assumption is that resurrection bodies are earthly bodies. If however resurrection bodies are more Pauline (divine matter) your argument doesn't work. 12:30 "The Racovian Catechism makes an important argument in this matter. It says that admitting the legitimacy of partitive exegesis implies allowing that one say things like that Christ did not suffer, did not die, and was not raised from the dead, since these things could be truely said of him in virtue of his divine nature, as well as that he was not divine, since this could be true of him in virtue of the human." To reach this conclusion requires anachronstic projection. It assumes that the divine cannot suffer, cannot die, and cannot be raised from the dead. This is contrary to the theology expressly conveyed in Paul. What the Racovian catechism fails to engage with is what exactly it means for divinity to die. This failure is ultimately the source of a non-contradiction being turned into a contradiction. Souls be they human or divine do not cease existing. 19:40 The issue here is that if Christ was a pre-existent divine being who was granted godhood by Yahweh, then yes he can in fact be empowered again. If by becoming mortal he took off his "Divine Authority" he would be required to be empowered a second time. This does in fact appear to be the theology in Mark. He doesn't cease being divine in becoming mortal, but he does cease having "Divine Authority". "If X is already F then one cannot be made F. One cannot be given what one already has." If Christ is Divine he cannot be given divinity. No problem. If Christ is the "Son of Yahweh" and granted "Divine Authority", and if he is ensouled into a human body and that entails giving up "Divine Authority", the human part can be adopted (the divine soul is already adopted) and he can be granted "Divine Authority". Cloth which is already wet cannot be made more wet. True. But cloth which is wet and then dries can be made more wet. The question here is not a loss of divinity but a loss of "Divine Authority". Where your argument seems to fall apart is the assumption that "Divine Authority" and "Divinity" are the same thing in the NT. And also that someone cannot loose a quality and regain that quality later. I do not know if you address these things elsewhere. I ask you to remember that I am someone who agrees with you in principle.
@matrixlone
@matrixlone 11 күн бұрын
Ridiculous Human soul and body are properties of the same nature human... Saying the divine person is present in hades is almost like the apollonarian heresy..replacing the divine person with his human soul/mind. Only the soul of a man descended to hades through the experience of death. Jesus regaining divine qualities / authority is also ridiculous since the fullness of God dwells bodily losing nothing not even authority if he was God in the sane sense as the father. He also wouldn't need to divest himself of anything divine,attribute, glory, authority since it never proves by doing this it will make him a man. You basically believe in a divine being with no divine authority assumed to human nature... still not a human being So everyone knows the day and hour? Are angels omniscient too? Only the Father is said to know..its not mutual knowledge one can have even if they all had the same divinity they are not the same person.
@hglundahl
@hglundahl 13 күн бұрын
A refutation: nov9blogg9.blogspot.com/2024/07/refutation-of-dr-stephen-nemes.html
@internautaoriginal9951
@internautaoriginal9951 8 күн бұрын
This is a bad refutation ngl.
@alananimus9145
@alananimus9145 14 күн бұрын
Okay wow there's some major errors here not the least of which is the assumption of canon. Going to make a longer post breaking down the problems here but wow. You are making some very serious assumptions that don't hold.
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 14 күн бұрын
Thank you for your comment. The only assumptions I make in this video are those which believers in the deity of Christ would take for granted. My point is to prove that the New Testament does not teach that Christ is by nature God.
@JamesAsp
@JamesAsp 13 күн бұрын
@@drstevennemes You mean this? Philippians 2:7 rather, he made himself nothing by taking the very nature of a servant, being made in human likeness. In other words Jesus was by nature God, but made Himself to be also in nature human. So are your argument that while walking on Earth, he was by nature only human? In other words argumenting against the catholics at 13:24? I think they are correct in this, that will say Jesus is 100% God and 100% human. It was his Earthly body that died and needed to live a sinless life to save us. The death alone was not the sacrifice, but the whole life Jesus came and lived was, as He completed the sinless life which no other human has been able to do. Hence only his human body needed to die while Jesus (aka the God nature was living on after his body died on the cross, as God is spirit and can not die.)
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 13 күн бұрын
@@JamesAsp I address that passage in the next section of the chapter from which I was reading in this video.
@JamesAsp
@JamesAsp 13 күн бұрын
@@drstevennemes Okay, because at 15:43 when they mentioned Jesus is ignorant of His second coming, I think that is a false understanding of scripture. Jesus relate to a wedding before saying it. I have been told that in Jewish tradition only the father know the specific time of a marriage (not literally but as respect for the father). Others had also to know the time, as they needed to travel and prepare for the feast. Because not even the Holy Spirit is said to know if only the Father knows...
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 13 күн бұрын
@@JamesAsp I think that explanation about the wedding is made up. I don’t know where it came from, nor do I know of any sources that document it.
@alananimus9145
@alananimus9145 14 күн бұрын
There are a few problems with your argumentation. Apostles are not those who followed Yeshu before his crucifixion, rather they are those who had post crucifixion visions. Error's 1) you seem to be under the impression that the gospels were written prior to 70. Even under the most conservative view however there would have been a 20 year span without the gospels. 2) It is fallacious to argue that because elders in local communities were able to elect a bishop that those bishops did not require confirmation and induction by another bishop. 3) It is fallacious to conflate bishops and priests in first clement. All bishops are priests but there is no reason to assume that all priests are bishops. You cannot just assert all priests were also bishops but you must make that argument (I do think there is an argument here). 4) The eschatological argument doesn't hold. Regardless of when they thought Yeshu would return there would have been a need for a practical minimum structure and approved bishops. Work your way through the hypothetical. You are an apostle and are establishing churches in an area, the gospels are not written yet. You are only going to be at this new church for a few weeks or months before setting off to establish another church. We can assume it existed prior to paul, but even paul acknowledges splintering factions so safeguards would have been in place to prevent this as much as possible simply from a practical perspective. The existences of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church suggests that the structure is early. On a personal note I do not think any bishop can actually trace their lineage back to the early church. That said the structure does go back.
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 14 күн бұрын
Thank you for your comment. I did not specify any definition of “apostle” in the video. 1. I made no claim about when the gospels were written. I do not think they were written before 70 CE. I think they were written in the second century. 2. I address this point in the video. 3. I address this point point in the video. 4. There is no point in setting up a system of government on the Titanic. If you are not convinced by that, then I don’t know what else to tell you. You are free to disagree with me. 5. I am not denying that the identification of a bishop and a deacon within each individual congregation is an early development. I deny that the distinction between the monarchical bishop, the local presbyters, and the deacons goes back to the beginning.
@michaelspeyrer1264
@michaelspeyrer1264 14 күн бұрын
If that’s the case why then does every branch of Christianity with Apostolic foundation have the same model?
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 14 күн бұрын
Thank you for your comment. I do not accept that Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, etc. have an apostolic foundation. At best we can say that they claim to have one, but so did other groups.
@dan_m7774
@dan_m7774 14 күн бұрын
Unitarian nonsense
@dan_m7774
@dan_m7774 14 күн бұрын
Your Unitarian belief system is predictable to attack the CC, yet even in the Protestant world most would not consider you a Christian.
@dan_m7774
@dan_m7774 14 күн бұрын
I think it is very telling you must go to Catholic sources to get an official understanding of the Trinity, The nature of God, The incarnation, Apostolic Succession etc. What is interesting is that that you lack the ability to understand anything can be a reality outside of time and space. When Science itself claims that time and space began to exist.
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 14 күн бұрын
Thank you for your comment.
@dan_m7774
@dan_m7774 14 күн бұрын
Here you are just reading to us again. So lets just answer your title. The Second Person of the Trinity, the Divine Logos, was (and is) God from all eternity. In the Incarnation, he entered his creation of space and time as Jesus of Nazareth. While preserving his Divinity whole and intact, he humbled himself by taking on our humanity. This meant creating a human body and also a human soul for himself. The Man Jesus is the Second Person of the Trinity, and vice versa. The Second Person of the Trinity united his human soul perfectly to his Divine Self. In doing so, he bridged the gulf created by sin between God and man. His Birth or Death occurs only in his creation of time and space. His divinity never changes.
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 14 күн бұрын
Thank you for your comment.
@joshyman91297
@joshyman91297 14 күн бұрын
Wrong
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 13 күн бұрын
Thank you for your comment.
@patrick953
@patrick953 14 күн бұрын
This video is proof that there should be a minimum IQ point for being allowed to read the bible, because it appears unitarian heretics don't have enough brain cells. This guy making this video does not understand that there are different kinds of Worship. The worship that is due to a deity e.g. Yawheh is not the same kind of worship that is due to a human king or Judge. Prayers, Offerings, complete devotion etc are things that are given to deities but not humans. Hence there is a distinction between Divine Worship which is due to a deity and ordinary worship which can be given to a human entity. No one ever gets on their knees and prays to David, Moses, Solomon or any other prophet or king to heal them, save them, or receive their spirits when they die etc The fact that this guy read the bible and could not distinguish between both kinds of worship and did not see that Divine Worship is given to Jesus beggars belief. To give divine worship to a mere mortal is to commit Idolatry.
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 14 күн бұрын
Thank you for your comment. You do not seem to have watched the video. The people bow the knee before David in 1 Chr 29:20, as I referenced in the video. I recommend watching it before commenting.
@patrick953
@patrick953 14 күн бұрын
@@drstevennemesDid the people pray to David, invoke his name or call upon him to receive their spirits when they die? And also, I watched your video before commenting, and perhaps you should have paid me the same courtesy of reading what I wrote before responding.
@liamdaniels9498
@liamdaniels9498 14 күн бұрын
Have you read the ancient historian Eusebius? He records the first 4 popes
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 13 күн бұрын
Thank you for your comment.
@Jano342000
@Jano342000 14 күн бұрын
Thanks for putting these videos out. I’ve been reading through your Trinity and Incarnation book for the last few months and it’s been great to have these arguments in an audio/video format. Do you plan on doing any lectures on phenomenology like your last channel?
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 14 күн бұрын
@@Jano342000 Thank you for your comment. I’m glad you’re appreciating the videos. I don’t have concrete plans for the channel yet. For now, it’s just something to do during my son’s nap times during the summer vacation. 😅
@AlexanderosD
@AlexanderosD 14 күн бұрын
"My church is the one truest true church." - says every church throughout the history of the Church That's cool, whatever guys, I'm just an adopted street orphan, chilling at my Lord's table enjoying some bread. Thanks for the extensive! You make some interesting and valid points.
@Gospel_of_John_3.16
@Gospel_of_John_3.16 14 күн бұрын
Roman Catholics are misunderstanding Matthew 16:18. The confession that "Jesus is the Christ the Son of God" is the only foundational truth that Christ builds His church on. Peter’s confession is the rock. Each believer's personal transformation has to begin with their own personal confession of faith in Christ.
14 күн бұрын
@Gospel_of_Job _3.16 wrong!!!!! Name change in Hebrew life meant your status has chance dude. Jesus spoke Aramaic. When he first saw him he called him cephas which means rock in Aramaic. Matthew 16 is going back to Isaiah 22. In the old davidic kingdom the king had a royal steward. When he went away he had the power just like the king. That’s what Jesus appointing to peter. His royal steward on earth. John 21 15-17 we see this. Tend my sheep. Tend in Greek the verb means to shepherd. Peter was only one who Jesus prayed for and to strengthen his brothers. Protestantts can’t beat around the bush in Matthew 16. This was shown early in acts with peter. Peter finished his ministry in rome and this is where successors come from. All the early christians acknowledged this.
@Gospel_of_John_3.16
@Gospel_of_John_3.16 14 күн бұрын
The overarching matter is personal transformation by the Holy Spirit (being born again of the Spirit). This personal transformation leads to full submission to God through Christ (not my will but Your will be done). Personal transformation is not the result of joining any organization on earth. It is a result of responding to the revelation of God's gift of His Son (John 3:16). In Matthew 16:18 Christ says on this rock He will build, and that requires a foundational truth. The truth that God revealed to Peter is the foundational truth. Therefore, Peter's confession is the foundational truth. And this confession is shown multiple times by the NEW believers of the Christ of the New Covenant church. Also, In the New Testament it says that Satan, the chief priests, and others who murdered Christ did not want to accept this truth. 1John 5:13 These things have I written unto you that believe on the name of the Son of God; that ye may know that ye have eternal life, and that ye may believe on the name of the Son of God. 1John 4:15 Whosoever shall confess that Jesus is the Son of God, God dwelleth in him, and he in God. Disciples confessed: Matthew 14:33 And those in the boat worshiped him, saying, “Truly you are the Son of God.” Samaritans confessed: John 4:42 And said unto the woman, Now we believe, not because of thy saying: for we have heard him ourselves, and know that this is indeed the Christ, the Saviour of the world. centurion confessed: Mark 15:39 And when the centurion, who stood facing him, saw that in this way he breathed his last, he said, “Truly this man was the Son of God!” John the Baptist confessed: John 1:34 And I have seen and have borne witness that this is the Son of God.” Nathaniel confessed: John 1:49 Nathanael answered him, “Rabbi, you are the Son of God! You are the King of Israel!” Martha confessed John 11:27 She said to him, “Yes, Lord; I believe that you are the Christ, the Son of God, who is coming into the world.” Ethiopian eunuch confessed: Acts 8:37 And Philip said, If thou believest with all thine heart, thou mayest. And he answered and said, I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God. Saul confessed: Acts 9:20 And immediately he proclaimed Jesus in the synagogues, saying, “He is the Son of God.” Hebrews 4:14 Seeing then that we have a great High Priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast our confession. Finally, new believers who confess have accepted the God’s gift of His Son the Christ, must continue to accept the truth that the Holy Spirit is revealing to them. Thereby building on the truth. Isaiah 28:9-10 Whom shall he teach knowledge? and whom shall he make to understand doctrine? them that are weaned from the milk, and drawn from the breasts. For precept must be upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, and there a little: Mark 4:24-25 NLT Then he added, “Pay close attention to what you hear. The closer you listen, the more understanding you will be given[a]-and you will receive even more. To those who listen to my teaching, more understanding will be given. But for those who are not listening, even what little understanding they have will be taken away from them.” As you accept the new truth of the HS then you become transformed. Romans 12:2 And be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God.
@Gospel_of_John_3.16
@Gospel_of_John_3.16 13 күн бұрын
Hallelujah, By the power of Christ may we all be free from the Santanic bondage of cult mentality. Peter's confession is the rock. The overarching matter is personal transformation by the Holy Spirit (being born again of the Spirit). Personal transformation (being born again) is not the result of joining any organization on earth. It is a result of responding to the revelation of God's gift of His Son (John 3:16). In Matthew 16:18 Christ says on this rock He will build His congregation, and that requires a foundational truth. The truth that God revealed to Peter IS the foundational truth. Therefore, Peter's confession is the foundational truth of personal transformation. The foundational truth of who Jesus is: The Son of God. The Christ of God. The GIFT of God. Therefore, Peter's confession is the foundational truth. And this confession is shown multiple times by the NEW believers of the Christ of the New Covenant church. Also, In the New Testament it says that Satan, the chief priests, and others who murdered Christ did not want to accept this truth. 1John 5:13 These things have I written unto you that believe on the name of the Son of God; that ye may know that ye have eternal life, and that ye may believe on the name of the Son of God. 1John 4:15 Whosoever shall confess that Jesus is the Son of God, God dwelleth in him, and he in God. Disciples confessed: Matthew 14:33 And those in the boat worshiped him, saying, “Truly you are the Son of God.” Samaritans confessed: John 4:42 And said unto the woman, Now we believe, not because of thy saying: for we have heard him ourselves, and know that this is indeed the Christ, the Saviour of the world. centurion confessed: Mark 15:39 And when the centurion, who stood facing him, saw that in this way he breathed his last, he said, “Truly this man was the Son of God!” John the Baptist confessed: John 1:34 And I have seen and have borne witness that this is the Son of God.” Nathaniel confessed: John 1:49 Nathanael answered him, “Rabbi, you are the Son of God! You are the King of Israel!” Martha confessed John 11:27 She said to him, “Yes, Lord; I believe that you are the Christ, the Son of God, who is coming into the world.” Ethiopian eunuch confessed: Acts 8:37 And Philip said, If thou believest with all thine heart, thou mayest. And he answered and said, I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God. Saul confessed: Acts 9:20 And immediately he proclaimed Jesus in the synagogues, saying, “He is the Son of God.” Hebrews 4:14 Seeing then that we have a great High Priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast our confession. Finally, new believers who confess have accepted the God’s gift of His Son the Christ, must continue to accept the truth that the Holy Spirit is revealing to them. Thereby building on the truth. Isaiah 28:9-10 Whom shall he teach knowledge? and whom shall he make to understand doctrine? them that are weaned from the milk, and drawn from the breasts. For precept must be upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, and there a little: Mark 4:24-25 NLT Then he added, “Pay close attention to what you hear. The closer you listen, the more understanding you will be given[a]-and you will receive even more. To those who listen to my teaching, more understanding will be given. But for those who are not listening, even what little understanding they have will be taken away from them.” As you accept the new truth of the Holy Spirit then you become transformed by the Holy Spirit. This personal transformation leads to full submission to God through Christ (not my will but Your will be done). Romans 12:2 And be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God.
@Gospel_of_John_3.16
@Gospel_of_John_3.16 6 күн бұрын
Hallelujah, By the power of Christ may we all be free from the Satanic bondage of cult mentality. Peter's confession is the rock. The overarching matter is personal transformation by the Holy Spirit (being born again of the Spirit). Personal transformation (being born again) is not the result of joining any organization on earth. It is a result of responding to the revelation of God's gift of His Son (John 3:16). In Matthew 16:18 Christ says on this rock He will build His congregation, and that requires a foundational truth. The truth that God revealed to Peter IS the foundational truth of personal transformation. Therefore, Peter's confession is the foundational truth of Christ's congregation. The foundational truth of who Jesus is: The Son of God. The Christ of God. The GIFT of God. Therefore, Peter's confession is the foundational truth. And this confession is shown multiple times by the NEW believers of the Christ of the New Covenant church. Also, In the New Testament it says that Satan, the chief priests, and others who murdered Christ did not want to accept this truth. 1John 5:13 These things have I written unto you that believe on the name of the Son of God; that ye may know that ye have eternal life, and that ye may believe on the name of the Son of God. 1John 4:15 Whosoever shall confess that Jesus is the Son of God, God dwelleth in him, and he in God. Disciples confessed: Matthew 14:33 And those in the boat worshiped him, saying, “Truly you are the Son of God.” Samaritans confessed: John 4:42 And said unto the woman, Now we believe, not because of thy saying: for we have heard him ourselves, and know that this is indeed the Christ, the Saviour of the world. centurion confessed: Mark 15:39 And when the centurion, who stood facing him, saw that in this way he breathed his last, he said, “Truly this man was the Son of God!” John the Baptist confessed: John 1:34 And I have seen and have borne witness that this is the Son of God.” Nathaniel confessed: John 1:49 Nathanael answered him, “Rabbi, you are the Son of God! You are the King of Israel!” Martha confessed John 11:27 She said to him, “Yes, Lord; I believe that you are the Christ, the Son of God, who is coming into the world.” Ethiopian eunuch confessed: Acts 8:37 And Philip said, If thou believest with all thine heart, thou mayest. And he answered and said, I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God. Saul confessed: Acts 9:20 And immediately he proclaimed Jesus in the synagogues, saying, “He is the Son of God.” Hebrews 4:14 Seeing then that we have a great High Priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast our confession. Finally, new believers who confess have accepted the God’s gift of His Son the Christ, must continue to accept the truth that the Holy Spirit is revealing to them. Thereby building on the truth and being transformed. Isaiah 28:9-10 Whom shall he teach knowledge? and whom shall he make to understand doctrine? them that are weaned from the milk, and drawn from the breasts. For precept must be upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, and there a little: Mark 4:24-25 NLT Then he added, “Pay close attention to what you hear. The closer you listen, the more understanding you will be given[a]-and you will receive even more. To those who listen to my teaching, more understanding will be given. But for those who are not listening, even what little understanding they have will be taken away from them.” As you accept the new truth of the Holy Spirit then you become transformed by the Holy Spirit. This personal transformation leads to full submission to God through Christ (not my will but Your will be done). Romans 12:2 And be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God.
@las_espannas
@las_espannas 15 күн бұрын
The Trinity is dogma , dennied the Trinity is HERESY.
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 14 күн бұрын
Thank you for your comment.
@thelimatheou
@thelimatheou 15 күн бұрын
The Roman Catholic church is NOT the Church established by Christ through His Apostles. That would be the Orthodox Church. Rome is in error, and Protestants even more so. When you are describing early documents as 'catholic', do you mean they are simply universal - from the one Church, or Roman Catholic? I suspect you're intending to use the latter description as your video is addressing Roman Catholicism, but its not clear. You also mentioned Orthodox & Anglican(!) in your intro, so this further muddies the waters. There was no such thing as Roman Catholic in the early Church. Apostolic Succession is first established as a model by Moses - (Numbers 27, Deuteronomy 34) and then by the Lord Himself (Luke 9, etc.). It is also clearly taught by the early Church Fathers, as many others have pointed out. I'm not here to respond to your direct claims against Rome - as I have said I would agree they are in error...but you seem to make a broader claim that Apostolic Succession is neither Biblical or taught by the Fathers & early Church, which would also be an error. I'm glad you end by admitting you could be wrong. Its a brave claim to make, and there is an abundance of material to refute it. Perhaps you'd be better off stating you don't agree with it, and here are my reasons instead?
@StudentDad-mc3pu
@StudentDad-mc3pu 15 күн бұрын
I'm glad someone is talking about this nonsense. All the people complaining on here probably think the Gospels were written by the appostles.
@michaelspeyrer1264
@michaelspeyrer1264 14 күн бұрын
Do you have any evidence to refute the claim?
@StudentDad-mc3pu
@StudentDad-mc3pu 14 күн бұрын
@@michaelspeyrer1264 yes, the utter lack of evidence for it.
@burtcooper6302
@burtcooper6302 15 күн бұрын
Lutheran F u c k e r y
@ElDogeRenacido
@ElDogeRenacido 15 күн бұрын
Go and learn from either the Orthodox church or the Roman Catholics regarding the Apostolic succession. The Lord Jesus Christ guaranteed that "the gates of Hades will not prevail over the Church." So are you calling Yah the Redeemer a liar?
@drstevennemes
@drstevennemes 14 күн бұрын
Thank you for your comment.
@dan_m7774
@dan_m7774 15 күн бұрын
Dr. Norman McCrummen. I am Catholic because history reveals through Scripture, Tradition, the Fathers and the ecumenical councils that there is one, holy, catholic, and apostolic church, the Church which Jesus Christ founded, on which the Holy Spirit descended, and which Christ commissioned to be His voice and presence. To ignore the history of Christ’s Church is to bypass her full identity. Like many millions of other Protestants, I was reared as though nothing significant happened in the Church of Jesus Christ between the New Testament era and the Reformation of the sixteenth century - nothing, that is, that was positive and culturally transforming; in other words, fifteen hundred years a virtual blank. But indeed in that blank the one, holy, catholic, and apostolic Church fought heresy after heresy; early on Gnosticism, later the virile heresy of Arianism, to name but two. It was the Church that defined the full divinity and humanity of Jesus Christ in the councils of Nicaea (A.D. 325) and Constantinople (A.D. 381) and in a very real sense saved Christianity from the rapidly expanding heresy of Arianism. (Why did we not learn that monumental fact in our youth? Why did it take graduate school and seminary for many of us to discover the immense significance of those councils?) In that blank the Catholic Church compiled the books we call the New Testament and declared them to be the fulfillment of prophecy, the plan of salvation, and God’s authentic Word to the world. In that blank the Catholic Church sent missionaries in every direction preaching and teaching the Gospel, establishing schools, hospitals and orphanages wherever they went. In that blank the Catholic Church preserved the histories and ancient literature of Greece and the Near East primarily through the monks’ tedious copying of fragile manuscripts, and thus saved and revealed the past on which the present is built. In that blank the Catholic Church built the most awe-inspiring churches and cathedrals the world has ever seen (from Hagia Sophia to Saint Peter’s Basilica), all of them engineering feats bordering on the miraculous. With their glorious stained-glass windows (remember Chartres, Notre Dame of Paris, and York cathedrals) they stand as artistic expressions of faith which inspire even the most jaded tourist to wonder at the faith and ingenuity and perseverance of those Catholic Christians who gave their best to the greater glory of God. Lest we forget, there is a phenomenon known as architectural evangelism. It does not replace the preaching of the Gospel or the works of the Gospel, but does majestically attest to the Christian faith of the builders, the faith that points to the Trinity, and expresses in sculpture and stained glass the works of the Trinity. In that blank Catholics painted and sculpted masterpieces which are the treasures of the Church, but treasures which the entire world recognizes as miracles of genius and talent: Giotto, Raphael, Titian, Michelangelo, da Vinci, to name but an obvious few. In that blank Catholic composers wrote the most sublime sacred music Christians had ever heard and which continue, after many centuries, to being forth a profound expression of faith from those who play and sing and listen to those ancient chants and hymns. I am a Catholic because the Church preserved the earliest elements found in Christian worship and continues to present them every day in the liturgy of the Mass. No matter where one is on any Sunday, if a Catholic Church is there, one will find the liturgy by which our spiritual forebears worshipped almost two thousand years ago. As in the primitive church, so the Mass unfolds today, from its gathering in the name of the Triune God, to the confession of sin, the reading of Scripture (Old and New Testament), the exposition of Scripture, the prayers of the people, the consecration of the sacred elements, the serving of Communion, to the closing prayer, blessing and dismissal (the sending out of the people) from which the word “Mass” is derived. In Catholic worship one finds that every Mass proclaims God’s plan for the salvation of humankind. At the center of that gracious plan - which the liturgy clearly reveals - is Jesus the Messiah whose birth, ministry, death and resurrection form the Gospel which no Mass neglects. I am Catholic because I find the repetition of Scripture to be necessary for the nourishment of my mind and soul. I know that in the Mass I will find what my mind and soul need; above all I will receive Jesus, as promised in John’s Gospel. In receiving Him, I am physically and spiritually reminded that in Him I live and move and have my being. I am Catholic because I am repelled by man-centered, preacher-centered, entertainment-centered, comfort-centered, culture-reflecting worship. I go to Mass as a starving man staggers to find food. I seek Jesus, the Bread of Life. I seek the ministry of the Word Written and the empowerment of the Holy Spirit. I seek the assurance that my Heavenly Father is waiting to embrace me. I want nothing that is cute or fluffy or shallow or entertaining or theatrical from the man or woman in the pulpit. I am not inspired by watching a team of worship leaders (???) sing and sway on a stage with microphones thrust down their throats. I want engagement with Jesus Christ, not with entertainers. In the Mass I find Him and am found by Him.