I'm sure there is some historical reason, but us modern folk just have to deal with it :P

Yes, I believe that's true. It's common to use kj when transcribing, and I prefer it because it makes more sense to learners, even if c is more accurate.

Sometimes wiktionary has them, but otherwise they are hard to find. I based these presentations on a book about Icelandic phonology.

Not really, it literally means to me (it) finds, and honestly these verbs like vantar and langar go better with the dative, so it makes sense that most use the dative forms because the action is done by the verb actually and it is done to the subject - mér langer = to me (it) longs (to) and mér vantar = to me it misses (wants) something, so it’s similar to Spanish verbs like, me falta algo / a mi me faltan algunas cosas etc, so mig vantar literally means me falta in Spanish and mér vantar is literally a mi (me) falta ago, so both are logically correct in a way, just slightly different ways of wording the idea!

Thank you for the compliment!

In German, denken means to think and glauben means to believe and finden means to find, whereas in Icelandic að hugsa is the actual verb that means to think and að trúa is the verb that means to believe, while að halda literally means to hold, but it’s used with the broader meaning to consider or to hold something to be true in this case, and að finnast is the reflexive form of the verb að finna which means to find in English, but it feels like the reflexive form in Icelandic means to feel like something is a certain way or to have the impression that something is a certain way to someone! Icelandic is actually one of the easiest languages, and I would say, mér finnst Íslenskan auðveld which literally means to me finds the Icelandic easy or the Icelandic finds easy to me, so technically Icelandic is the subject in a way, but at the same time it sounds more like it would mean something like, the Icelandic is what I find to be easy to me, so it’s as though both were the subject, but a better translation would be, I find Icelandic easy, because the literal translation doesn’t sound right in English, but I can understand how this works in Icelandic tho, and I feel this reflexive form of the verb is even used with an extra meaning that the normal verb to find doesn’t necessarily have in English, so in Icelandic when using this reflexive verb it feels more like saying, it feels to me like Icelandic is easy, or to me Icelandic appears to be easy, or something like that, which is kinda similar to how one says in Spanish me parece fácil el Islandés, it feels like it’s used the same way in Icelandic, even though the actual verb is cognate with to find, the reflexive form of to find in Icelandic definitely has a broader meaning, and it feels like it’s the same way with the verb to hold, I mean, in English, I guess one can also say I hold that to be true with the meaning to consider or something like that, it’s just that it’s not used a lot that way, but I have heard something like that in English before! It’s not easy to translate from one language into another or to explain exactly how these verbs work tho, because each language has its different word endings and forms and letter combinations which give each word different nuances and properties, so what sounds right in one language doesn’t sound right in another, however, many of the verbs and phrases in Icelandic and Norse are actually used in a way that’s similar to how those things are said in many other European languages, so one can also find many verbs etc that are used the same way as in English or Dutch or German or Norwegian or Spanish etc!

Very interesting, thank you for the information!

I am from the U.S. and learned Icelandic as a second language :)

I agree! Watching my video on Icelandic cases may help you understand it better.

Thank you, Nicolas! It sounds like a very interesting project. Unfortunately I am very busy and won't be able to participate. Best of luck to you!

In my video about the letter R, I explain that it's important to pronounce it as a true R first, then slowly work on devoicing it. Many foreigners are tempted to pronounce it like SH, which is a different sound.

I love Icelandic and Norse grammar because it’s proper grammar with many pretty forms and diversity, and that’s how languages should be, because very few languages would work without different forms, and I also tend to modify some of them to improve the different forms, but I use both forms interchangeably - they actually follow the same patterns, so the word endings are the same for each group of nouns and adjectives etc, and I know the endings very well, so I can memorize full declensions after seeing them once or twice!

Most Icelandic words such as the nouns only have like 16 forms and Icelandic verbs have only three main tenses, and one of them is with the auxiliary verb to have, and the future tense is also with an auxiliary verb + infinitive (ég mun læra = I will learn) which are super easy to learn, plus 2 subjunctive cases that have most forms that are the same as the normal present tense and past tense forms, and each group of nouns / verbs etc have the exact same word endings in Icelandic, so once one learns the patterns and the word endings associated with each group of nouns or verbs or adjectives, one can decline and conjugate almost any word naturally, as there aren’t many exceptions, like,, I can remember all the declensions and conjugations of a word after seeing them once or twice, as I know the base word and the typical endings associated with each group of words automatically, and when I come across nouns or verbs etc that do not follow the same patterns, I add them to a list and I revise those more... For example... - masculine nouns that end in ur (or r in Norse) always have inn at the end in nominative and accusative when they are definite and singular as inn means the for masculine nouns - the plural forms of nouns in dative are always um (indefinite) and unum (definite) for all nouns with no exceptions (at least, I haven’t seen any exceptions yet, and these two are also the same in Norse) - the definite singular forms for feminine nouns are always in (for nominative definite singular nouns that are feminine) and ina or ana or una (in accusative) and it is like that for all feminine singular nouns - the dative singular definite forms are usually inum (for masculine nouns and for neutral nouns that are definite and singular) and inni or unni or anni (for feminine nouns) and sometimes the dative singular ending is also num for masculine and possibly neutral nouns tho it is very rare, so masculine and neutral nouns usually have the definite form inum - the indefinite form is usually i for both masculine and neutral nouns that are singular and indefinite, so the definite form is basically the indefinite form + num - the plural forms in nominative are usually ur / ir (for feminine nouns that are plural and indefinite) and urnar / irnar (for plural definite nouns that are feminine, so the definite forms are basically the indefinite forms + nar, nar being the typical feminine ending for nouns that are plural and definite) and ir (for masculine nouns that are plural and indefinite) and irnir (for masculine nouns that are plural and definite) and in (for neutral nouns that are definite and plural) and, there are a few other plural indefinite nominative forms, but these are the forms that most plural nouns have - the definite ending for neutral nouns that are singular is ið in Icelandic (and it in Norse) - the genitive endings are usually s / ar (for masculine singular indefinite nouns) and s (for neutral singular indefinite nouns) and ar (for feminine singular indefinite nouns) and s+ins / ar+ins (for masculine singular definite nouns) and s+ins (for masculine singular neutral nouns) and ar+innar (for feminine singular definite nouns) and a / na / ra (for plural indefinite nouns) and anna (for plural definite nouns) with almost no exceptions, so they follow these patterns almost always - feminine nouns that have an a in their nominative singular form are spellt with ö in their dative forms, and masculine nouns too, for example, a masculine noun like bani (nominative and singular and indefinite) becomes bönum (dative plural indefinite) and bönunum (dative plural definite) - the a to ö change is also used in verbs, for example, for the verb að hafa (to have) which has an a after the first letter, the singular form ég hef (I have) becomes við höfum (we have) and it’s usually the form that is used with we that is affected by this change in present tense and in past tense it affects both the form that’s used with we (við höfðum) and the form that’s used with they (þeir höfðu) and, it’s exactly the same in Norse, except for the ö which is usually spellt ǫ in present tense and ó or ǫ in past tense, so one just has to remember that whenever there is a change, it is usually a change from a to ö in Icelandic and from a to some type of o letter in Norse Icelandic also has three standalone definite articles for singular nouns, which are, hinn for masculine nouns, hin for feminine nouns, and hið for neutral nouns, and, in Norse they are hinn / hin / hitt (?) and inn / in / it or itt, and, they can also mean the other when the normal definite form is used after them, for example, hinn skógur means the forest in nominative, while hinn skógurinn means the other forest in nominative, which would be hinn skóg and hinn skóginn in accusative, as the accusative form for masculine nouns that end in ur (or r in Norse) is almost always the nominative form minus the ur!