Shheeeiiit, thanks for the comments. Likewise keep up the good work, am reviewing.

Excellent point.

Hi George, Many thanks, a bit awkward, but you don't happen to be my brother George???

That's Crazy talk! Actually sounds cool and if it weren't too finicky should work quite rapidly. Reminds me a little of the commutator/oscillator people make with a reed relay where power breaks the connection -> power off returns to closed position, repeat.

@@paulmaher812 I played with this by putting a disk with a short fish line on it in my drill press and watched the piezo disk light an LED.

Blahblahblahblah, Perhaps you are correct as I noted I have not yet experimented in the area. I do however, refer you to page 75 of Irving Gottlieb's "Handbook of Practical Oscillators". Discussing negative resistance elements he states, "We see that such relationships are contrary to what we would expect from ordinary Ohm's law conduction. When such an element is operated in parallel with an LC tank circuit, it is actually possible to *cancel the dissipative losses* in the tank. *Sustained oscillations build up in an LC tank* when it is associated with the appropriate negative resistance element. We see, that in both the mathematical and the practical sense, the term negative resistance is quite descriptive. Looking at the phenomenon from another angle, we can say that if ordinary or positive resistance dissipates power, our *negative resistance must provide power.* This it does." It is quite clear what he is saying, perhaps he is in error? Though I do note he is an engineer with maybe 2 dozen published books in the field of electronics. www.goodreads.com/author/list/303143.Irving_M_Gottlieb Thanks for the comment.

@@paulmaher812 The very next sentence says, "The negative resistance element derives its power from a d.c. source and yields a portion of this power to the LC tank." Which is to say it uses external power to counter the dissipation in the LC tank.

@@blahblahblahblah2933 Yes, of course there must be a tap of the oscillator, but if dissipative losses in the tank circuit are canceled what happens? Again, I have no experiential knowledge here, I would say it is clear however, what the author stated. If you don't like that, what is the current model of the behavior of the EM fields of a photon. They oscillate orthogonal to each other with both being at right angles to the direction of propagation. No one expects them to damp out, oooh that's a hundred feet away the photon may dissipate, no the photon propagates and oscillates in perpetuity, as do the spins of the electrons, protons, neutrons, subatomic particles. Or if you don't like that, let's go to the Great Genius, Newton, "An object in motion ... comes to rest in a little while. No an object in motion stays in motion, perpetually unless acted upon by an external force. The external force sets the object (and what it interacted with) on a new adventure with a new vector and velocity which it continues indefinitely. (and there is no loss in the interaction, for every action there is an *equal* and opposite reaction) All of creation is in perpetual motion, this is Sir Isaac Newton, not me. But perhaps the sun won't rise tomorrow.

@@paulmaher812 I mean the practical realization of the circuits he's talking about are in the next chapter: figure 3.6 on pg 110.

Thx, you mean it is cheaper than magnet wire from Temco or something?

Hi, It's not lacquered like magnet wire , It's single insulated building wire . This will give you the separation that you spoke about, as the insulation itself is over 1mm thick . Hope this helps.

@@dosomething7930 Ah, I get it now. I will likely try a tremendously complicated 3d printed scaffolding but if that defeats me your approach makes a lot of sense.

Interesting video, thank you.

As the Organians said, "Welcome, welcome, Our village is yours, Mr Spock".

Thx. That's a dual channel Comus AC-37 SSR, though I'm only using one of the channels.

Thank you for the, perhaps, confirmation Johan. Will have more on skin and proximity effects soon. What I hadn't got till recently is that for your garden variety coil proximity effect is greatly predominant. Am working a lot now on how to get some decent spacing with the 3d printer, that is turning into a "bit" of work. What I am curious about as well is what happens to inductance as you increase the space between winds. That is to say if you can run twice as fast before hitting proximity effect resistance but your inductance has gone down four fold so you run twice as fast anyways you aren't getting anywhere. I would be really, really, really surprised if the induction dropped 4 fold when adding spacing between the winds. I don't know what inductance will do, might go up! That said if I had to guess I think inductance might decrease 20-50% with added space between windings.

Ha! and very sorry for the late reply. Yes, yes, the good stuff is frequency modulated into the computer hum, Shhhhh. Nah, the computer is left over from the days when I was mining DogeCoin and I am too lazy, stubborn and cheap to throw a cover on it. As its not the highest spec machine if I start doing anything video related it starts barking. I should perhaps address the matter, nah fuck it.

Sorry for the late reply and you are most welcome.

Thanks 👍 and sorry for the late reply.

Many Thanks! And sorry for the late reply. Likely the greater threat is me getting bored but that is less likely with the encouragement. Sorry for the late reply, hope you had a Merry Christmas and we have a New Year hehe.

Thank you for the advice.

Yea? Same to you pal! Sorry but Geez run it through a translator for me. Thx for the comment sorry for the late reply.

Indeed we will!

Thank you for mentioning that. In the back of my mind I have been thinking this set-up, even just with off the shelf air-gapped ferrite E-cores would likely work just fine with AC as input, so nice to hear. Such an approach would likely be simpler also. But I have done a lot with throwing caps into inductors and seeing what happens so I ended up with this strange sort of bitoroidal flyback set-up where I focus a lot on what the cap is doing as it discharges into the primary. Your approach is the same, as I understand, that Thane uses, and I believe what Tom used with magnets shaping the flow of the back EMF, but I've started on this, am having fun and darn if I feel like stopping now, hehe. Many thanks for the comment.

@paulmaher812 Hi I use positive feedback using bipolar caps. This mimicks the input wave and drops the input immediately. I load the third coil ( ccw)with a load of equal resistance to the coil , which is not easy as you have to find the correct resistance , this will cause "reflection " and further reduce the input current.

@@dosomething7930 Hey Dosomething, you don't have to go into everything (unless you want to, hehe) but let me see if I have the 30,000 foot lay of the land right. You have three coils. You put in this case AC into the primary, you have a secondary that you pull off of, and you have a third between the primary and secondary running Lenz interference. Hot, Cold?? Someone mentioned a month or two back this idea of a third coil blunting the back EMF as an analogous idea to the Thane Heins type alternate magnetic flux path and I can't stop thinking about it. I was thinking to set up three pancake coils to look at it, but they are a pain to wind so you could 3d print a scaffolding for what I would call three dunce cap coils and look at this. Just thinking about it, I don't see why it wouldn't work. I may be reading into your comment too much but perhaps you offering some confirmation that such an approach is worth looking into?

@paulmaher812 Hi , you pretty much summed it up. Usa a old microwave oven transformer. Wind new 240v primary ,CW Wind new bifiler secondary, CCW Use one of the bi secondarys as you feedback , keep adding capacitance until you reach a sweetspot, where primary current has dropped to a max value, any additional capacitance will have reverse affect on the input current . The second bifiler winding you load preferably with a resistive load close to what the resistance of the coil is , to cause reflection which will further reduce input current. Ultimately this might work even better in a 1:1 ratio. Although some say that for these devices to work with even higher COP they need to be of the step down type transformer. I'm yet to try some of these configurations ,hopefully before I enter the ether myself , but what I mentioned above is real and easily replicated.

Thanks for the comment. Before too long I will return to a battery test of the Thane Heins' inspired bitoroidal set-up. When I get around to that, maybe a year or two ago I threw together a nine volt arduino battery capacity tester, so I will likely try to keep a close eye on how the batteries actually behave, and that one is not simply ending up with a "surface charge".

Thanks Johan, since you asked I will give a rather lengthy reply. I am discharging a capacitor into the primary coil of the bitoroid set up. Capacitor discharged into an inductor, so you have an LC tank circuit. The circuit will oscillate at its resonant frequency 1/2pi*sqrt(LC). So for an inductor of 10 mH and cap of 10 uF (not far off from what I've been fiddling with) the thing will oscillate at 503 Hz. In turn 1 over that, or 2pi*sqrt(LC) gives you the time for one full wave, in this case 1.98 mS. What is oscillating when it oscillates? The capacitor discharges its charge into the inductor, the cap gets to zero and there is a magnetic field from the inductor, as there is nothing left in the cap, the magnetic field in the inductor begins to collapse and per Faraday's Law of Induction an electric current occurs. This current drives the cap to a negative voltage until the magnetic field is gone, then the cap again discharges into the inductor until it is at zero, then the magnetic field in the inductor again collapses, this time driving the capacitor back towards its positive starting voltage, so on, so forth. With a highly damped oscillator, if the cap starts at ten volts maybe it gets back to 5 and the circuit rings a few times than stops, with a less damped circuit maybe the cap gets back to 9 or more volts and the ringing goes on for a longer time. What I am doing is discharging the cap to the point where it's voltage goes as negative as it will get, in the example above this would be at 0.99 mS, this is the variable "ontime" in the code. So in the video at one point I think I showed when the circuit was unloaded the cap went from 10 volts to -9.19 V. At that point I just flip the input add -0.81 volts and discharge the now -10 volt cap into the coil, when it goes back to 9.19 add 0.81, etc. A few caveats, for reasons I won't get into for brevity's sake, this doesn't get you anywhere with a Buck-Boost set-up or conventional transformer set-up. With this whatever you call it, Thane Heins like air-gapped bitorroidal set-up where there are two different magnetic flux paths, sure the oscillations become more damped when it is loaded, maybe 10 to -8, but one sees some interesting behavior. Thanks for the question.

ahoi....... würde mich wirklich wundern, wenn er antwortet!

@@anonhollmuller4032 Natürlich nicht, will ha kohln machen.

Look into the work Thane Heins out of Canada has done.

@@paulmaher812 thx, have you have more as you put in?

Indeed

Thank you, Hoping you and yours had a joyous Christmas and we have a New Year, let's get their first, than worry about making it a Happy New Year.

Hey Paul, To cut to the chase, from everything I can tell it is OU. I will feel better when I have done something with batteries where I say, " hey" that's helpful, now I don't need to charge those batteries so often, or at all, from the wall. Heaven knows I have seen things go sideways enough, I will wait for the next battery test, but yes I would say Thane was onto something and you can see it, if you care to control the timing with an arduino, even with two air-gapped E-Cores. Yes the output is going from both secondaries through FWBRs so there may actually be 1.4 Volts drop across the bridge now that you mention it.

@@paulmaher812 it's very encouraging, and supports a result i obtained, around five years ago, finding a whole volt AC, unpowered, with a ferrite core and about 150 turns of awg 24, and a capacitor... But I didn't adequtely test or replicate the conditions, so it could have been leaching power from the grid. I reckon COP > 5 is needed, to close the loop and begin to make a viable product that would be good for off grid use, camping etc..

To that end, shottky diodes, heavy wires, large cores, high voltages, high frequencies, and careful tuning to resonance ought to help

@@paulshields1883 You mentioned, "I'm not sure I have the circuit right in my head", a couple things. One, I'm going to take a WAG you have a background in electronics and WAG2 you've never played with an Arduino. Just pick one up I used to find them on sale for < 5 bucks at Microcenter maybe they are 10-15 bucks now on Amazon. Once you mate it with optoisolated relays you can do stuff Bedini, Cole, et al used to spend months trying to put together in an afternoon. You are just discharging a cap into a coil (in this case a coil that is the primary of a bitoroid) and using a SSR to stop the discharge where ever you wish on the LC oscillation while capturing what comes off the two secondaries. I am going to have fun with this for a bit longer, while also transitioning to a new area of research. Thanks for the comment, if you have a go a replication and have any problems I will try to help.

hello very interesting but you are late, you have to understand the resistance and take the back emf by the resistance to this loop naturally. you divert things simple work watch the video of patrick kelly on the transformer in thane eh, and there you will understand your frame is already wrong​@@paulmaher812

Why no, should I watch it Johan?

👍

Hihi

Yes, as regards point 5, the first issue I have been thinking to pay attention to is I haven't even matched the two secondaries for inductance. I've tried to throw the same winds on each but when I measure it one might be 9 mH and the other 10. As flux is bouncing back and forth between the secondaries it might be worth having them very closely matched, don't know, but I really haven't had a set-up yet where I have paid attention to it and it might make a difference (6) not gonna worry about it right now (7) Sure, if I had any clue how to figure the natural frequency of the core (8) I may be wrong but as I understand it Bearden bridges a toroid with a permanent magnet and all sorts of fun ensues. There are others who may know more than me on this topic. (9) well, I do sweep for the optimal timing dependent on load. What I will say is while this set-up may not be CoP of 203, it works. I think of many interesting things I want to look at, some that may end up more interesting than this approach, but I find if I am not careful I am only like a dog chasing his tail and getting nowhere. So, have fun optimizing this approach, (can it be daisy chained, asking for a friend) and move forward with this as well as other basic research areas from here.

Sorry for the hold comment/late reply. I'd like to make it something James Bond like, but one just has to remember to set the video to allow comments after the video is published, otw it reverts to holding all comments. Great comment as usual Paul. First, in a nutshell, the behavior I have seen is complicated but at the same time it is very forgiving to set something up along these lines with an air gapped E-core and see something interesting. If one were dealing with an air core it might be more simple but one is dealing with a ferrite transformer and one set up in an odd way. So, bearing in mind I am self-taught, there are core losses, they are related to core area, frequency and amp turns. The latter two as I understand it are non-linear and get worse more than 1:1 as frequency, amps increase. At the same time, with this set-up that which is getting worse with the core in a non-linear fashion it likewise improves the secondary to secondary interaction in a non-linear fashion resulting in things generally getting better as you increase voltage. To return to some of your specific points, "double the path length to couple to each other, which isn't favourable. Any way to bring them closer and increase area should help", yes absolutely, right now I have a lot of bare core." One thing I really suspect would help would be to have a few less windings on the primary half of the Ecore and extend the secondary windings on to this half as well as the other half Ecore. Right now, much of the core is doing nothing, with no windings on it, except providing magnetic reluctance. I have tried a few things which I though might improve things which didn't or made things worse, but this is one which I would be very surprised if it didn't improve things. Get wire on as much of the core as possible and bring as much as you can of the secondaries in close to the primary to improve flux transfer. Have to think about 3) and 4).

Thank you, Jens, for your consistent support. I'd do emojis for my response but can't easily figure that shit out.

Sorry for the late reply, I have heard many people speak highly of Feynman's writings though I have yet to read any of his work. What I am getting at in this video, from memory, is much more simple, it was just my realization, at the time, that the magnets flying past the motor or drive coil have the same effect on that coil as regards Lenz Law and even as regards generating a current as they do when the fly past a pick-up or generator coil. Thanks for the comment.

@@paulmaher812 I was referring to direction change stresses the wider the ark the less compensation requiring photons communicating between the proton electron required , with the magnetic photon chain interface he using there a loss due to the proximities vectors used Faraday used flat disk similar to a disk break on a car

You are why I don't speak even more freely. I can't tell Russians and Ukrainians apart, look the same to me, same religion, except for the guy who looks different that is sending Ukrainians to die, sort of like Yagoda starving all the Ukrainians. I am only genuinely asking, why aren't Ukrainians and Russians on the same team? I don't get it.

​@@paulmaher812why aren't we all just stop fighting eachother and do something that will benefit all? I just don't get it.

Outstanding! I have never focked with simulations, to the extent they are trustworthy one might see a lot, thanks for the comment.

Many Thanks mate or make.

Very sorry for the late reply. I would just state it as, the diode blocks the "spike" from the shorted cap from leaking out of the gather cap, but we may be getting at the same thing.

Sorry for the very late reply. I know, I know I should put together a schematic, I just feel like I point out where everything goes in the video and I also want to keep experimenting. I am not even certain what circuit drawing program to look to get up to speed on.

@@paulmaher812 I wouldn't worry too much about the particular program. A pen and piece of paper will work fine for communication purposes. Whiteboard/dry-erase markers and computer freehand drawing programs will also work. For actually entering in schematics to make and test stuff I use Kicad (and LTspice for sim).

The resonant frequency applies to the LC tank, the inductor and capacitor, and how they resonate back and forth, the energy being stored electrostatically on the cap then magnetically on the inductor and back and forth. The equation for the resonant frequency of an LC tank circuit is 1/2pi*sqrt(LC) hence the time from wave crest to wave crest is 2pi*sqrt(LC). This is what I have set-up in the spreadsheet, showing the calculation of the resonant frequency. Now technically all components have induction and capacitance so even the coil all by itself will have some capacitance and resonate from its own capacitance. That capacitance is so small however that we are talking radio-frequencies, megahertz or even gigahertz, I would guess. To heck with even trying to switch things with a solid state relay I doubt, unless it was a yuge coil, the oscilloscope could even catch it.

The load in this case is just a small capacitor to demonstrate the transformation of voltage with a DC-DC boost voltage convertor. I am putting DC into the cap, discharging it, (true it does ring as AC if you let it go long enough) and measuring DC in the output cap, so there is not a reason to worry about root mean square voltage of an AC input, it is a "DC-DC voltage convertor". Thanks for the comment, Peace and Blessings of Jesus Christ our Lord to you and yours.

Did U find that video?

I will get back to the Thane thang soon. I think I said I would put together a Buck-Boost at the end of this video so maybe I will do that, maybe do a video comparing on the scope the behavior of a switched mode DC-DC convertor, a conventional transformer and the bitoroidal transformer. Or maybe I'll just jump back to the bitoroidal and a slight circuit modification.

This is a comment I keep getting over time so now I can finally say HA! I supplied the schematic it is linked in the description.