The reason the manometer is low with flow is the pressure loss in the tube. A shorter tube should squirt farther with no pinching. so. . . If you can get the vertical tube manometer right at the bottom of the 'container' tank, the level in the manometer should stay near the top of the level in the container when you pinch the tube. If you also get the end of the hose close to that, his gets close to a constant pressure system and the 'pinched' water will not go farther. . Perhaps if you can also use a larger tube between the container and manometer to reduce the pressure loss with speed, due to the viscosity. . I believe that doing that demonstration will also improve the lesson. . I am always showing people this video.
@enbinzheng-line Жыл бұрын
The jet velocity of the small hole on the beaker wall is independent of the size of the hole. So using a short tube will approach the velocity of the small hole jet.
@Observ45er Жыл бұрын
@@enbinzheng-line Yes and that is also very important to understand. Because force is pressure times / over an area, if the size changes, the mass of fluid being accelerated varies proportionally. Therefore, the acceleration is constant. So. if the acceleration changes the pressure must have changed.
@Observ45er Жыл бұрын
Enbin, It is not clear when water is being drawn into your hose. It would be nice to have some particles in the water to see water movement.
@enbinzheng-line Жыл бұрын
You're right. When I have time, I'll make another video that can display the direction of water movement using particles.
@Observ45er Жыл бұрын
@@enbinzheng-line That is nice, however, this problem is very complex and I don't believe that your experiment covers all relevant principles. I have a very small lawn sprinkler and must try it to see what it does. I have seen references that say that experiments have been inconclusive. . This Gelmer Bouwman video shows that it might turn either way depending on the arm length: kzbin.info/www/bejne/oZi5dodof7R-qsU. . I note that the reverse spin appears to be very weak, unlike your hose experiment which is very strong - I've done it many times in the past. . The Harvard demo with air shows a very weak reverse spin: kzbin.info/www/bejne/qXWnk4toaL2Yr8U . I also just found this paper that appears to study it much more and will read it soon: New angles on the reverse sprinkler: Reconciling theory and experiment March 2017 American Journal of Physics 85(3):166-172 DOI:10.1119/1.4973374 Authors: Joseph Beals Free download Nov 1 2023 www.researchgate.net/publication/313818179_New_angles_on_the_reverse_sprinkler_Reconciling_theory_and_experiment/link/59e164be458515393d5350d6/download
@graygoo-it2ws Жыл бұрын
当终焉的陨星在白垩纪降下,唯有自由的鸟儿跳出陨星中的灭亡
@enbinzheng-line Жыл бұрын
嗯,
@perfectwong7242 Жыл бұрын
,
@Observ45er Жыл бұрын
Very nice. I've seen this before HOWEVER, Enbin, PLEASE understand that it it the inertia that causes this for both the upper AND lower flows. INERTIA. Air has mass and follows Newton's First Law. It "wants to'" or "tries to" go straight.. .just like a brick. .. Here is mine that explains only the upper flow. kzbin.info/www/bejne/aX62opWkl7B3o68
@DanielCrist Жыл бұрын
The English subtitles are a little confusing, but because you compared the chain with a rope, I do not think you are on the right path. The rope will only achieve this effect at the very end of the rope. This U believe is because the rope has a certain amount of momentum pulling it upward over the lip of the beaker (or the edge of this table) overcoming the force of the tension put on it by the mass of rope resting on the table. When the rope gets to the end, and there is no longer any significant mass of rope left on the table, the rope is still carrying momentum and is now traveling with an upwards force which is greater than that needed to rise over the edge, because there is no longer any tension force acting against that upward movement, so the momentum provides it with the excess force needed to momentarily rise into the air. This is a completely different process than that which is acting on the beaded chain rises into the air long before it gets to the end. What is happening with the beaded chain is unique to this chain type and is due to its unique design and mode of articulation. Each bead is hollow, and each link is shaped like a barbell, so when the links are fully extended outside of the beads, they have no range of movement. For maximum range of movement and the the ability for the chain to curve, the links must be fully submerged inside the beads, with the ends of the "barbells" in the center of the beads where they have the most space to move. The more you extend the chain, and the further the links are extended outside of the beads, the less range of motion the chain has. This is all very evident and easy to see upon examination of one of these chains. Therefore it is my theory, that with forces pulling on both ends of the chain as it travels over the lip of the beaker, that this segment of chain becomes more fully extended, and we know when the chain is fully extended it is not possible for it to turn in any direction, so this segment of chain becomes a rigid tower. There is tension pulling it out of the beaker, and tension holding it down in the beaker, hence why it is fully extended was you can see in video. And to repeat what I said before, when fully extended, it cannot form a curved section of chain, so it keeps traveling upwards, this rigid tower growing taller and taller. The greater the distance the chain has to fall, the greater the mass of falling chain there is acting upon the chain coming out of the beaker, creating more tension from that end of the chain, which determines how tall the chain fountain can "grow". It will continue to grow until it reaches critical mass. That is, when the weight of the upward fountain segment (the rigid tower segment) begins to eclipse the tension acting on it, and it cannot support any additional links being fully extended outside of their links. So with further links traveling partially submerged inside of their beads, it allows the chain to curve downward.
@enbinzheng-line Жыл бұрын
You don't seem to notice that in the 34th second of my video, it shows that there is a piece of rope rising into the air, while another piece of rope is on the table, and it doesn't rise into the air. Therefore, the rope does not rise into the air only when it reaches the end. In 1 minute and 51 seconds of my video, the rope is completely horizontal, and it will rise horizontally (the rope will no longer contact with the red column). If the speed of the rope is faster, then the bend of the rope will leave the red column a greater distance. This cannot be explained by the end of the rope.
@DanielCrist Жыл бұрын
@@enbinzheng-line at the 34th second and at 1:51 the rope IS at its end, meaning there is no more excess rope in a pile AT REST, the entirety of the remaining rope is moving, so it is no longer applying the same amount of tension as when there was a pile of rope at rest. The rope at rest requires more force to begin accelerating from a stationary position. Once all of the rope is in motion and traveling at the same speed, it still has momentum which is applying more force than necessary to simply pull the rope, so that excess force is applied in that upward direction, making it rise. If you did it in a beaker, the rope would not begin to rise until the pile of rope had run out and all of the remaining rope in the beaker was in motion.
@enbinzheng-line Жыл бұрын
@@DanielCristI now think that this is related to the way the bead chain is bent in the beaker. The bent arrangement of the bead chain can make the bead chain jump up.We can put it in a beaker in different ways to see which way has an effect on the rise.
@Observ45er Жыл бұрын
Now you're getting it. I believe my roller coaster analogy is very good: *kzbin.info/www/bejne/aX62opWkl7B3o68*
@jimtomy63302 жыл бұрын
不需要到太空,在地球上能做到接近真空
@enbinzheng-line Жыл бұрын
什么意思?
@Observ45er2 жыл бұрын
Also, Enbin. This explanation using the "narrow" and "wide" idea fails. This is because BELOW the trailing edge is *another *"narrow" BUT there is NO lowered pressure there - this would force the trailing edge *down*! This explanation, therefore would only rotate the wing clockwise. Sorry, but the narrowing, or 'pinching' above the wing is NOT the cause of the lowered pressure. The air far above the wing is not a hard wall, but it is very soft and allows air to flow easily. It is not a pipe wall. .. .. .. .. The cause of the lower pressure is the *turning* of the air. . I explain this in the video that I did. Inertia causes the lower pressure. Think VERY carefully about the roller coaster analogy. It provides a good analogy for the lowered pressure inside a curved flow. We feel that gravity is reduced at the op of the roller coaster, just like pressure reduces on the inside of a curved flow. . kzbin.info/www/bejne/aX62opWkl7B3o68 Best regards, Steve
Enbin, I wanted to show a friend your video like this that has a small hole after the edge and the water draws air from that hole. He had a question ant that video it would help him. It appears that you removed it?? Regards, Steve N. From Quora.
@enbinzheng-line Жыл бұрын
Sorry, I just saw it. What video are you talking about?
@Observ45er Жыл бұрын
@@enbinzheng-line The old video looks just like this one with a flow over the edge, but there is a *small hole* after the bend. It shows how the pressure is lowered and air is drawn into the hole and into the flow. I think it must have been narrated in English. . I see you have another one that looks like this one about the nature of aircraft stall, but that is not it.
@enbinzheng-line Жыл бұрын
@@Observ45er I have this video. I'll find it and send it out. What's wrong with my understanding of stall?
@Observ45er Жыл бұрын
@@enbinzheng-line Thank you. The one I wanted is a very good video showing how pressure is lowered on the inside of curved flow. I am not saying anything about your stall video, only that is *looks* similar to the one I wanted. I am also sorry; without English narration I can't comment on the one that I see. HOWEVER, looking at the arrows and the slow motion, it looks like you must have the correct idea, on this video: "What is the nature of aircraft stall?" Regards.
Thank you for your video. I have linked in my text about the Bernoulli' principle. newtheories.info/community/main-forum/the-bernoullis-principle-can-be-found-in-the-electric-current-too/
@enbinzheng-line4 жыл бұрын
Your article is very interesting.
@MitkoGorgiev4 жыл бұрын
@@enbinzheng-line Thank you, please see also the article under this video: kzbin.info/www/bejne/iqekZaCbfNqbesU
@Observ45er4 жыл бұрын
Enbin, I think you mean Boyle's law. Unfortunately it is well known by direct measurements that the amount of density change around a subsonic wing is far below what it takes to explain lift. The pressure changes are much too small. .. The inverted two plate system will not levitate the free plate. The pressure above the plate is lower than the pressure in the center pipe now , thus pushing the plate down.
@enbinzheng-line4 жыл бұрын
Why do you think the board below does not fall?
@Observ45er4 жыл бұрын
@@enbinzheng-line We know the pressure inside the plates drops below atmospheric pressure allowing atmospheric pressure below the free plate to push it up because we measure it as shown here: Bernoulli Levitation paper Univ of B.C. Shows measured data: arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0206025v1.pdf .. However, I have yet to see a physical explanation for the cause of the lower pressure. I need to see a very clear cause and effect explanation using fundamental principles. Simply saying "Bernoulli says so" is not enough. . We can work backward from the outer edge of the plate where the pressure is atmospheric. Moving toward the center we see that the velocity increases which indicates a falling pressure. However, this is an inference, not a proof using fundamentals. I want to see the pressure in the pipe before and after the lower plate is added. In addition, the air at the entry to the space between the plates makes a very sudden acceleration from vertical-down to radial-outward and this implies a high pressure difference there, but it seems to be in the wrong direction. .. I have not resolved this in my own mind, but I suspect it is related to the venturi where adding the floating plate will increase the pressure in the central inlet pipe. I have difficulty resolving the pressure dropping below ambient when the inlet pressure is above ambient. Regards.
@enbinzheng-line4 жыл бұрын
“The inverted two plate system will not levitate the free plate. The pressure above the plate is lower than the pressure in the center pipe now , thus pushing the plate down.” Push down? Are there any typos here?
@enbinzheng-line4 жыл бұрын
@@Observ45er kzbin.info/www/bejne/r2KXfox7r7yYacU You look at the video in the link, but don't comment under the linked video. Why is the white cone sucked and the white cone not falling? I think the principle is the same as that when the plate is sucked in, the plate does not fall. Therefore, the non horizontal radial motion also produces low pressure. Why? Think about it.
@Observ45er4 жыл бұрын
@@enbinzheng-line OH! I am sorry! Yes. Video time: 1:14. Drawing air out the bottom/tube will not levitate. .. However, I think perhaps you intend to *push* air *inward* around the edge of the plate, above atmospheric pressure, no? .. This is pressure above atmospheric and should levitate. But how to do an experiment like this? .. I also do not see any relation to a wing except that we do know that it is the top-to-bottom *pressure difference* that pushes the wing up. .. The pressure decrease above a wing is NOT due to expansion of air. Density changes around a wing are very tiny. with normal lift, density changes plan on important part in lift force. . There is no hard wall above a wing as shown at time 1:36 nor is there a hard wall below the wing at time 1:44. The air far above and below a wing is a very soft. .. .. .. .. Your descriptions are close, but not very good. . The upper pressure decrease is due to the *curved flow.* The lowest pressure is very close to the Leading Edge where the radius of curvature of the flow is greatest. Flow curvature = pressure change. We have measured this. .. Please notice: A] Using your interpretation would make the *lowest* pressure above the *trailing edge* where the air is "expanded" the most, but this does not happen, therefore this is incorrect reasoning. B] Using your interpretation would make the *highest* pressure below the *trailing edge* where the air is "compressed" the most, but this does not happen, therefore this is incorrect reasoning. .. The pressure changes around a wing are *measured* to be greatest where the *curvature of the flow* is the greatest (smallest radius of curvature). This is acceleration where the air "wants to go" straight, therefore changing the pressure. Please review my careful, step-by-step explanation of the science here: *www.quora.com/q/rxesywwbdscllwpn** Understanding Lift Correctly*
This is a very good demonstration. However, I suggest that it is not a good technique to use a formula to explain the science/physics. I suggest that the explanation is the fact that the pinching the tube is a restriction in the flow. This causes a reduced flow. Reduced flow causes less pressure loss in the tube from viscosity along the length of the tube. Less loss in the tube causes increased pressure at the end. Increased pressure causes greater velocity out. ..... We can see that there is significant pressure loss along the tube because it is so low in the manometer tube compared to the height of the water in the reservoir. Understanding this allow understanding why pressure drops in the standard Venturi tube. The narrow section is a restriction that raises the pressure in the wide section *before* the narrow section. Regards
@enbinzheng-line5 жыл бұрын
If water or fluid is not viscous, will the velocity of my experiment increase?
@Observ45er5 жыл бұрын
@@enbinzheng-line It will not. Then, you will have a constant pressure system due to your reservoir providing a constant pressure [ if the reservoir level stays the same] and there will be no (head) pressure loss along the tube. .. If you stop the flow completely, the pressure in the manometer tube will go up to the pressure at the bottom of the reservoir, this will be shown by the level in it rising to the same level as the water in the reservoir. I hoped you had shown that, but you didn't. I still like the demonstration and refer people to it to show the garden-hose-finger-effect well. ... The classical venturi demonstration shows the same behavior, however, it is because it is a constant flow system (not constant pressure). In that system, the restriction in the narrow section is a restriction and also increases the upstream pressure. If the narrow section is made wide, the pressure in the large section decreases. Regards
@enbinzheng-line5 жыл бұрын
I was in a hurry to make this video, so it wasn't well designed. Man is a man in history, so there are always some shortcomings. I'm still thinking about the principle of Venturi. Can you recommend me a better video?
@Observ45er5 жыл бұрын
@@enbinzheng-line I like this video. It is very instructive. It shows the pressure increase when a restriction is added. The reason is slightly different for the standard venturi, but this video still is a big help in showing the real science. .. I have not found a good explanation of the science of the venturi. Everyone just says "Conservation of energy", or "continuity equation", or makes errors. ..
@Observ45er5 жыл бұрын
@@enbinzheng-line Try this one: kzbin.info/www/bejne/nn29nIN8p7Z2es0 .. NOTE how the pressure in the right-hand section goes UP when the flow starts. This shows that the restriction makes the pressure go up.
You talk a lot, but you don't say it clearly: When the water in the bucket spins, the water is Paraboloid. There is a pressure gradient (a normal pressure gradient on the bucket wall). This pressure gradient provides centripetal force. Without this pressure gradient, there is no centripetal force, and the water in the bucket can not rotate. Right? Are you sure about my point?
@enbinzheng-line7 жыл бұрын
What do you want to say?
@enbinzheng-line7 жыл бұрын
You didn't answer my question. Is there a pressure gradient in that bucket?
@enbinzheng-line7 жыл бұрын
The pressure from the axis of rotation to the wall of the bucket rises, or there will be no centripetal force necessary for the rotation.
@enbinzheng-line7 жыл бұрын
Note that, in order to simplify the problem, we here say fluid in the bucket is an ideal fluid, so we do not need to consider issues such as friction, so in this case there is no pressure gradient? Uniform motion exists, and ideal fluid can move at constant speed.
@enbinzheng-line7 жыл бұрын
Strange, how come you don't know? That's common sense.In the gravitational field, assuming that the fluid in the bucket rotates at a constant rate and that the axis of rotation is parallel to the direction of the gravity field, the isobaric surface of the fluid is a paraboloid. In the vertical direction and in the direction of the rotating axis (in the horizontal direction), the pressure of the fluid is gradually decreasing. Is this also called the pressure gradient?
@enbinzheng-line7 жыл бұрын
It is common knowledge that the constant pressure surface of a fluid rotating in a bucket is a paraboloid (the attention is to rotate at a constant speed rather than to accelerate it), which is known to all middle school students. It is also true that there is a pressure gradient. This is also very simple. Of course, the pressure gradient will have lift. The same is true of the lift force in the atmosphere, as there is motion along the normal direction of the wing, which results in a pressure gradient, and hence a lift. My understanding of lift is not wrong. As for what you are talking about, McLean, of course I will read his book. I suggest you give me a link to his book. I can understand his point of view. What's his title?
@enbinzheng-line7 жыл бұрын
In the gravitational field, the isobaric surface of the stationary fluid in the bucket is a series of parallel planes, while the vertical pressure of the liquid is a series of paraboloid. It's not my guess, it's true.
@enbinzheng-line7 жыл бұрын
In the gravitational field, the isobaric surface of the stationary fluid in the bucket is a series of parallel planes, while the vertical pressure of the liquid is a series of paraboloid. It's not my guess, it's true.