The accessory digestive system is a big part of the mechanism of the digestive gland because without it the digestive system would not function properly.

A disorder in the endocrine system may lead to hormonal issues. For example, an inbalance in growth hormones can affect growth while thyroid disorders may affect metabolism.

The gray matter contains cell bodies, the dorsal horn has intetneurons cells. The lateral horn contains autonomic nerves. the central horn contains motor neurons.

No. I thank God i have never had experienced a bone or muscle injury. I learned that the stability of synovial joint stability is muscle tone and the knee provides stability. The fibula is not involved in the knee joint.

The. Epiphyses include compact bone, spongy bone and articular cartilage. The epiphyseal plate is the growth plate responsible for the.long bone.

a nerve cells of the nervous system is also called a Neuron

I learned about different types of connective tissue is most abundant and has fluid. I found it challenging about chondroblast cells that are primary cells in the cartilage connective tissue.

This video covered the nucleus that it has three main parts the nuclear envelope, nucleus and chromatin chromosome. The cell life and period phases interphase cell growth.

The stomach is an organ in the digestive system that primarily functions to temporarily store food, mixing it with stomach acid and enzymes, and partially breaking it down into a liquid consistency called chyme before releasing it into the small intestine for further digestion and absorption of nutrients; essentially, it is the primary site for mechanical and chemical digestion of food.

An example of an endocrine disorder is hyperthyroidism, also known as an overactive thyroid, which occurs when the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone which controls how the body uses energy. When the thyroid is overactive, the body's metabolism speeds up, which can impact many bodily functions.

The somatic reflex arc controls voluntary movements that affect skeletal muscles. The visceral reflex arc. Regulates the functions of the internal organs like blood pressure by automatic response. Has preganglionic neuron part of efferernt branch.

The most interesting part of this chapter was learning about the blood, plasma and about the B cells that we have that produce antibodies.

The stomach is one of organs that stores the food that prepares for digestion breaks down into small intestine.

Diabetes and hyperthyroidism are disorders that can be caused by endocrine dysfunctions. Diabetes side effects can be excessive thirst, urination and fatigue. For overproduction of pituitary gland thyroxine and side effects can be.unexpected weight loss, irregular heartbeat. Treatments is usually medication.

The stomach is a key structure in the digestive system, and it plays a critical role in both the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food.

An example of an endocrine disorder is hypothyroidism, results of which causes fatigue and weight gain. The flip side of this disorder would be increased hair growth, hyperthyroidism, side effects include weight loss, a decrease in hair growth, or even hair loss, and an anxious demeanor. Both of these disorders involve the thyroid.

The esophagus is a digestive organ that helps food move down to the stomach as a tube.This muscular tube uses a process called peristalsis to push food down.

Small intestine and large intestine are part of the digestive system. They are responsible of breaking down food and pulling all the nutrients.

The stomach is the harshest environment It produces pepsin which digest proteins; it is very acidic

The teeth are part of the digestive system in the oral cavity within the alimentary canal and contribute to mechanical digestion of food.

After this video, I learned that the digestive system is divided into two groups; the alimentary canal and the accessory digestive organs. The mouth is part of the alimentary canal, and it is also where digestion begins. The first step takes place when we are about to put food or drinks in our mouth. This process is called ingestion. After that, some accessory digestive organs such as teeth, tongue, and salivary glands are used to break down starch in the food we eat. They also help to move the food down through the rest of the digestive system.

A dysfunction in the endocrine system can cause some disorders due to high or low levels of growth hormones. For example; to much ACTH may cause crushing disease, to little TSH may cause cretinism in children and myxedema in adults & to much may cause hyperthyroidism, which effects are similar to Graves;' disease, in which antibodies minic TSH.

Adrenal insufficiency, gland that releases cortisol and aldosterone. When these hormones are not properly being released, can potentially cause health problems. Health problems such as Addisons disease. Which causes severe fatigue, stomach upsets, dehydration, and skin breakdown.

Dysfunction in the endocrine system can lead to various disorders, including Diabetes Mellitus, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, Addison's disease, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), growth hormone deficiency, hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, and thyroid nodules or cancer. These conditions arise from imbalances in hormone production or action, affecting many bodily functions and overall health.

Dysfunction in the endocrine system can lead to various disorders. One disorder would be Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A condition linked to hormonal imbalance, causing irregular periods, weight gain, and fertility issues.

The kidneys produce the erythropoietin hormone which stimulates/increases red blood cell formation. If the kidneys are damaged and can't produce enough of this hormone, red blood cell production decreases, leading to anemia.

You may develop diabetes, thyroid disease and growth disorders. Disorders of the endocrine system happen when your hormone level are too high or too low.

The growth hormone can be affected when there is a dysfunction in the endocrine system. If there are low levels of growth hormone in children before the closure of the epiphyseal plate, it can lead to dwarfism. In contrast, if there are high levels, or more than normal levels of the growth hormone in children after the closure epiphyseal plate , it can lead to gigantism. What's interesting is that the bones won't just keep growing because that's done when the epiphyseal plate closes. Instead the bones begin to widen. That condition is then called acromegaly. That is something new I learned!

A disorder that can arise from dysfunction of the endocrine system is PCOS, it is a hormonal imbalance in women.

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (gonadotroph) stimulates the ovaries or testes in women and men, respectively. Hyposecretion of FSH results in a failure of sexual maturation.

A disorder that may arise form a dysfunction in endocrine system would be gigantism caused by having too much growth hormone

One disorder that arises is dwarfism, caused by a lack of growth hormones, primarily due to a dysfunction in the pituitary gland.

Diabetes Mellitus: This condition arises from insufficient insulin production (Type 1 diabetes) or resistance to insulin (Type 2 diabetes), leading to elevated blood glucose levels.

The visceral reflex arc involves two motor neurons, preganglionic neuron and a postganglionic neuron, which affect smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands ( non voluntary movements). The somatic reflex arc involves only one motor neuron, which affects the skeletal muscle that voluntary movements.

What interested me the most was that there are different types of blood cells, such as RBC's, WBC's, and other ones. The red blood cells function as an oxygen carrier and the white blood cells are like little defensive soldiers that identify a microorganism and attack it.

The most interesting part of this chapter for me was learning about the different types of white blood cells and how they protect the body from infections. I also found it surprising that blood is considered a connective tissue, not just a fluid. Another thing that stood out was how red bone marrow produces new blood cells, while yellow bone marrow mostly stores fat.

What I thought was interesting was the shape of a sickle erythrocyte and how it can be anemia

The most interesting part of this chapter was learning about all the characteristics of blood and learning that men have more RBC’s and more blood volume than women. I also enjoyed learning about the 5 different white blood cells and how their functions are different, yet are all there to protect us.

I found it interesting to learn about the 5 different types of white blood cells, as they are the cells that function to protect the body from infectious microorganisms and are the only formed element that can function outside of the bloodstream in other tissues. As someone who suffers from allergies, it was interesting to learn that the Eosinophils specifically play a role in the bodies defense system and ending allergic reactions.

The most interesting thing in this chapter that stood out to me was the fact that erythrocytes have no organelles or nuclei. For some reason, it feels that for erythrocytes to have such an important job as transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules, they would need to have more "parts" to them.

What stuck out to me was the difference from red and yellow marrow. This was my first time hearing about this and I learned that red marrow generates new blood cells while yellow marrow remains dormant and contains many fat cells, typically located in the long bones of adults!

After watching this video, I learned that there are three main proteins in the blood plasma: Albumin, globulins, fibrinogen. -Albumin helps water from diffusing out of the blood into the extra cellular matrix of tissue -globulins contain antibodies that helps defend the body against infection. They also transport the protein that carry lipids, iron, and copper -Fibrinogen is crucial for blood clotting. It’s converted to fibrin to form a clot when there is bleeding

Before going over this video, I didn’t really think that learning about blood would be that interesting, but I was wrong! Blood is an essential part of our well being, and it plays a bigger role than I thought. One of the things I found interesting was that blood helps us fight infections! The most important cells of the immune system are called lymphocytes. They’re considered the most important because they can recognize and target pathogens. I also learned that blood is a liquid connective tissue. I always thought it would be classified as a cell, not a type of connective tissue.

I didn't have any questions, but learning that there were so many distinguishments among the five types of white blood cells was truly fascinating, especially monocytes, which are the largest type.

One thing I found interesting is that Plasma is not considered a "formed element" in the blood. It is the liquid portion of blood, composed mostly of water, proteins, electrolytes, and waste products. Actual formed elements of blood include: Leukocytes (white blood cells), Thrombocytes (platelets), Erythrocytes (red blood cells).

In the visceral reflex arc it is involuntary with how the way our body reacts for things such as hunger, fullness, pain, and nasuea. It can also monitor stretch, temperature, and chemical changes. The somatic reflexes are voluntary, examples would be flexing our muscles and using our muscles for everyday tasks such as walking

The most interesting and surprising thing to me about this chapter was seeing how blood is considered a loose connective tissue as opposed to just a type of fluid, but seeing as to how important it is to our body and all the structures it contains to keep our bodies healthy, I now understand how all those elements make up one of the most impressive connective tissues yet!

somatic reflexes involve voluntary movements like pulling hand away from something hot, they control the skeletal muscles. Visceral reflexes involve involuntary responses like digestion. They manage internal organs.

Somatic reflex has to do either voluntary actions and are in skeletal muscle and visceral reflex detect changes in visceral organs. Meaning it is involuntary

The visceral reflex arc is involuntary that our body reacts to from stimuli in the nervous system while somatic reflexes are voluntary. Visceral reflex arcs have two motor neurons while somatic reflex arcs have only one motor neuron.