The Earth surpassed 1.5 degree Celsius of warming beyond pre-industrial levels in July 2023 and has not cooled since.

What do we do about people who insist that climate change is not real? Donald Trump told the entire nation that wind turbines cause cancer. I am of the opinion that people who do not care about the environment, probably care about something that benefits from a healthy environment, (such as breathing for example). How do we convince people that we are trying to help them by protecting the environment?

They used to have something on the hood of a car to keep Deer off the road. Why not have a tone that sounds off to keep Birds away from the Windmills. I have wondered this for a Long time. Birds are smart. Is there not a sound that could keep them away. Build the turbines in a way they can not harm them. I did not know who to ask .

When a celebrity, or Democrat politician uses their private jet, and giant SUV, that carbon pollution is absorbed by trees to help them grow. When anyone else creates carbon to heat their home, is causing global warming and melting the ice caps

Have human activities been the main driver of climate change or global warming?

Deport this marxist asap.

This was a great converstation!

When the greenhouse effect is explained adequately and in layman’s terms, then global warming denial is much less likely - As sunlight’s photonic energy actively warms the Earth, invisible infrared radiation (heat energy) is being simultaneously radiated away from our planet’s surface toward space. And though it streams freely past the nitrogen and oxygen molecules in the atmosphere, it is readily ‘absorbed and reemitted’ repeatedly over and over, again and again by carbon dioxide and all of the other greenhouse gases. This repetitive process delays the escape of the radiant energy and builds up heat in the atmosphere, thus creating a ‘blanketing effect’ that prevents our planet from being completely frozen solid. Note: With greenhouse gases comprising only 4/10ths of one percent of the atmosphere, this shows how powerful they are. What makes this possible is that as the greenhouse gas molecules absorb ‘infrared heat’, they energetically gyrate more and more wildly and collide with other atmospheric gas molecules, thus transferring their ‘kinetic energy’ of motion into them. This combined energetic field of kinetic vibration and radiant energy measures as thermal energy. For more, search: ‘Enhanced Greenhouse Effect’; ‘Amplified Greenhouse Effect’. For the big picture, search: Marcott reconstruction chart

This is great!! I’ll be sharing this out. Thank you!!

Why not use the heat from (floating ?) nuclear reactors to evaporate sea water? The evaporated water could then be ocean-cooled to produce fresh water? Too simple, right?

Loved the episode!❤

Let's assume we have a president who will readily accept gifts and bribes. Since the Arab oil embargo of late 1973 certain people (Romanians?) have declared a "war on oil," a war on fossil fuels. The terrible thought occurred to me that those people may have decided to bribe OUR President Biden to steer our country not toward "energy independence" - a Trump phrase - but towards clean, unreliable, renewable energy - energy completely independent of oil. Is the whole idea of our affecting "climate change" just another weapon for "the war on oil"?

Let's assume we have a president who will readily accept gifts and bribes. Since the Arab oil embargo of late 1973 certain people (Romanians?) have declared a "war on oil," a war on fossil fuels. The terrible thought occurred to me that those people may have decided to bribe OUR President Biden to steer our country not toward "energy independence" - a Trump phrase - but towards clean, unreliable, renewable energy - energy completely independent of oil. Is the whole idea of our affecting "climate change" just another weapon for "the war on oil"?

Let's assume we have a president who will readily accept gifts and bribes. Since the Arab oil embargo of late 1973 certain people (e.g. Romanians?) have declared a "war on oil," a war on fossil fuels. The terrible thought occurred to mee that those people may have decided to bribe OUR President Biden to steer our country not toward "energy independence" - a Trump phrase - but towards clean, unreliable, renewable energy - energy completely independent of oil. Is the whole idea of our affecting "climate change" just another weapon for "the war on oil"?

Let's assume we have a president who will readily accept gifts and bribes. Since the Arab oil embargo of late 1973 certain people (Romanians?) have declared a "war on oil," a war on fossil fuels. The terrible thought occurred to me that those people may have decided to bribe OUR President Biden to steer our country not toward "energy independence" - a Trump phrase - but towards clean, very expensive, renewable energy - energy completely independent of oil. Is the whole idea of our affecting "climate change" just another weapon for "the war on oil"?

Let's assume we have a president who will readily accept gifts and bribes. Since the Arab oil embargo of late 1973 certain people (Romanians?) have declared a "war on oil," a war on fossil fuels. The terrible thought occurred to me that those people may have decided to bribe OUR President Biden to steer our country not toward "energy independence" - a Trump phrase - but towards clean, very expensive, renewable energy - energy completely independent of oil. Is the whole idea of our affecting "climate change" just another weapon for "the war on oil"?

he [Pierrehumbert] meant 600 billion tons have already been emitted, not 600 million at 37:30

"mystical cloud feedback" haha

Excelent! Thank you ❤

This is extremely dumb and makes no sense

thank you <3

Let's just price most families out of owning a vehicle by making them all cost A small fortune. Then we can force families to take the bus or ride a bike.

Nonsense

Thar guy's interrupting is annoying and pointless. Most of his questions were answered in the next slide. If not, wait until the end to ask questions. There's one in every lecture and classroom as if it's a personal lecture!

Bio fosil all previous civilizations blown up by those that are ALL ABOUT ENERGY HARVESTING! You have to STOP Stop lying STOP KILLING US STOP RECYCLING US and using people animals plant life highly radioactive materials and civilizations for your ENERGY HARVESTING thorium molten salt therma plasmas for YOUR ENERGY sources ... Plutonium Uranium nuclear non nuclear atomic ballistic hydrogen weapons of mass destruction you all hve used that bio gio genetically engineer us from the uranium plutonium turns into extremly unstable elements you get THORIUM and thorium micro organisims and volcanic ash dust is why you hve are and want to sell us for renewable energy ...how stupid do you think we are ..THORIUM found in archeological sites civilizations buried ontop of each other has THORIUM and other sediments ...now its not hard to work out how the heck that got there ..and why... Whats wrong with you heartless inhumane un human beings ? Experts with no heart or common sense no ethics no honesty no feelings no intelligence to STOP the cycle of catastrophic events repeated by previous civilizations! How irresponsible selfish and totally unstable you all are .. Being intelligent is to be wise enough to know when to stop! STOP LYING STOP KILLING US

Far more effective if you can put a price on carbon which is the damaging pollutant, than to pick winners by subsidizing alternatives

great

Kind of pathetic there is no penalty for putting CO2 in the air when there is such a high energy cost of removing it at 415 ppm. CCUS at the power plant is known technology that is vastly more efficient than DAC, but even that is not employed. We need to call out the high paid lobbyist and political influence of the green washing fossil related industries that are holding on to a business model that is so unethical. Don't leak methane or dig up carbon and burn it. How can utilities, industries, and people make the right decisions when the LCOE is so distorted that it cannot include the cost of the CO2 damage being done.

What a bunch of horse buns. Its a plan by CAP AND TRADE OF RICH NATIONS TO GIVE POOR NATIONS SOME OF OUR TAXES or Like Canada to fill the steward's pockets with more spending money for funding hamas, the phoneystinians and hezbolah.

Pathetic crock of bull !

Same joke works for the solution to nuclear wast. But for fusion, mayeb now there is actual hope!

Adam, I hear risk assesments on weather probabilities, and results of sever weather incedents.Your comments on transformers are the same no matter the system used to produce the electricity. You imply climate change will have a impact on the lifespan of the transformer because of heat,is global warming expected to increase the tempetatures to the level that will cause transformer damage. Maybe 2 or 3 degrees c I dissagree.

1) By reflecting away 30% of ISR the albedo, which would not exist w/o the atmosphere, makes the earth cooler than it would be without the atmosphere like that reflective panel set on the dash. Remove the atmosphere/GHGs and the earth becomes much like the moon, a barren rock with a 0.1 albedo, 20% more kJ/h, hot^3 on the lit side, cold^3 on the dark. Nikolov, Kramm (U of AK) and UCLA Diviner mission all tacitly agree. 2) the GHG up/down welling, “trapping”/”back” radiating/delaying/intercepting, 100 % efficient, perpetual warming loop requires "extra" energy which according to RGHE theory it gets from 3) the terrestrial surface radiating that "extra" energy as a near ideal .95 emissivity black body which 4) it cannot do because of the non-radiative heat transfer processes of the contiguous atmospheric molecules. 1+2+3+4 = 0 Greenhouse Effect + 0 Greenhouse gas warming + 0 man caused climate change. All science backed up by experiment, the gold standard of classical science. www.linkedin.com/posts/nicholas-schroeder-55934820_climatechange-greenhouse-co2-activity-6749812735246254080-bc6K version 1.0 022521 mit climate

*Energy Reality And Climate:* Greenhouse gases went up 45% in 30 years. By 2025 66% of people will live in water stressed areas. Water stress will threaten 50% of thermal powered electricity. Water stress will threaten 30% of planned hydro electricty. Fossil fuels have been 80% of global energy for over 25 years. Electricity is 20% of global energy. Renewable electricity is 4% of global energy. Solar & wind electricity is 2% of global energy. North Euro solar panels work 11% of the time. North Euro onshore wind turbines work 22% of the time. North Euro offshore turbines work 30% of the time. The F-35 fighter jet works 11% of the time. From 1971 - 2018 earth heating averaged 0.47 watts/m². From 2010 - 2018 earth heating went up 46% to 0.87 watts/m². This is rapid heat acceleration By 2040 15% of global energy will be renewable. By 2050 only 30% of global energy will be renewable, assuming all goes well. We must stop burning 50% of fossil fuels in 10 years to survive. This cannot be done. Most solar solar panels will become un-recyclable garbage generating 6 million tons of waste per year by 2050. *Green Energy Euro Fraud* In the last 10 years the US cut emissions more switching from coal to gas than Europe did investing in renewable energy. Europe gets 50% of its renewable energy burning stuff. Europe burns 80% of the world’s wood pellets for renewable electricity Europe burns 80% of its recycled plastic & paper for recycled electricity Europe burns 50% of its palm oil shipments in cars & trucks Out of earth's 1.2 billion vehicles only 6 million are electric Electric cars and batteries will have no positive effect on climate whatsoever Weather = flash floods + flash fires + flash mobs + flash infections Climate = 30 years of weather There are 23 billion chickens on earth, if one sneezes we all get the flu 500 years ago there were so many cod fish John Cabot thought they would capsize his ship 400 years ago there were more Caribbean sea turtles by weight than buffalo on the plains 300 years ago Passenger pigeon migrations would block out the noon day sun 97% of great fresh water species gone since 1970 ( Guardian 2019 ) 96% of mammals are livestock and human by weight ( Ecowatch 2018 ) 96% of tigers gone in 100 years ( IFL Science 2019 ) 90% of elephants gone in 100 years ( Hurriet 2019 ) 90% of lions gone in 100 years ( African Impact 2019 ) 90% of Leatherback sea turtles gone since 1980 ( Earth Watch undated ) 90% of Monarch Butterflies gone in 20 years ( Inhabitat 2014 ) 80% of Antarctic Krill gone in 30 years ( Research Gate 2005 ) 77% of Eastern lowland gorillas gone since 1996 ( Treehugger 2020 ) 68% of world’s wildlife has been wiped out since 1970 ( Mongabay 2020 ) 50% of Marine vertebrates gone since 1970 ( WWF 2015 ) 50% of Great Barrier Reef gone since 1985 ( Live Science 2012 ) 40% of Giraffes gone since 1990 ( NRDC 2019 ) 40% less insects in next 30 years ( PNAS 2019 ) 4% of mammals are wild ( Vegan News 2020 ) Sources for all these statements can be found at Loki's Revenge blog on wordpress. You can also find a massive research library there on how pollution is affecting our youth *support James Hansen's monthly private carbon dividends* 27 Nobel Prize winning economists support James Hansen's private monthly dividends, including: 3,589 U.S. Economists, 4 Former Chairs of the Federal Reserve and ALL 15 Former Chairs of the Council of Economic Advisers If I had a nickel for everytime I didn't know what was going on I would wonder where all the nickels are coming from -- Loki 2020 zzzz

At ~37:00 the energy balance graphic has the surface of the earth absorbing 161W/m^2 but radiating 502W/m^2 (398 + 84 + 20) That cannot be right.

At 34:13 or so the slide says "Due to the greenhouse effect, the surface must warm enough to balance both incoming sunlight and the radiation from the atmosphere back to the surface" BUT one of the assumptions of the model was that the atmosphere is COMPLETELY OPAQUE to infrared radiation. You seem to me to have violated your assumptions in creating the model, there should not be any surface warming at all based on the assumptions of the model.

To operate continuously, one would need to add new hydrogen fuel as helium and heat energy are removed and to be dispatchable one would need to be able to adjust the hydrogen fuel rate over a wide range. I'm thinking this load following makes a reactor design more complex. Technically most fission reactors are batch in that only a small amount of uranium in the fuel pellets is consumed before the fuel rods with new pellets are replaced. Maybe fusion could operate in a batch mode, but not sure anyone is thinking in that direction. How can you use that high quality (high temperature) heat release to an advantage to make electric power more efficiently than steam turbines. The effort to decarbonize is to make electric power with low carbon and to electrify transportation, building HVAC, and industry. If nuclear power were too cheap to meter, maybe hydrogen or other chemical fuels could be made, or maybe some factories could be located nearby to use that heat.

The 30-50% extra cost for CCUS electric power by gas would make wind and solar with battery storage much more competitive. Gas plants like MOSS landing are already losing out to solar plus storage. Maybe new heat engines like the Allam cycle could reduce costs if they were developed to scale. Seems putting a price on carbon would drive us in the right direction.

Nuclear power wouldn't be controversial at all if people were educated about it.

Thank you for this interview! It has been enlightening and inspiring. For other listeners, here are the links to resources referenced in the podcast (I found them on the Climate Conversations MIT page): NAACP ECJ Program: www.naacp.org/issues/environmental-justice/ Bill McKibben’s recent interview of Jacqui in Yes! Magazine: www.yesmagazine.org/issues/just-transition/climate-justice-is-racial-justice-is-gender-justice-20170818 Just Energy Policies: Reducing Pollution, Creating Jobs: naacp.3cdn.net/5502c09b47ddedffb9_wrim6j5v0.pdf And the People Shall Lead: Centralizing Frontline Community Leadership in the Movement Towards a Sustainable Planet: www.adaptationclearinghouse.org/resources/and-the-people-shall-lead-centralizing-frontline-community-leadership-in-the-movement-towards-a-sustainable-planet.html 20 Things We Can Do To Advance A Just and Sustainable Planet: www.naacp.org/latest/20-things-we-can-do-to-advance-a-just-and-sustainable-planet/ Climate Justice Alliance: www.ourpowercampaign.org/ Pan-African Climate Justice Alliance: www.pacja.org/ Little Village Environmental Justice: www.pacja.org/ Climate Conversations S2E10: Climate Resilience in Puerto Rico: climatex.mit.edu/podcasts/climate-conversations-s2e10-climate-resilience-puerto-rico Towards Climate Justice with Jacqueline Patterson & Basav Sen: climatex.mit.edu/podcast-toward-climate-justice-w-jacqueline-patterson-basav-sen

I Would Hope SO... but am not confident. In Addition - they should get their capital into the Structural Deep Retrofit of existing buildings. You need do less renewables IF YOU STOP WASTING ENERGY ! See: kzbin.info/www/bejne/pqq6knl6qKtohJo to understand .

We hear a lot about technologies that produce carbon-free energy ... but we are not open to new solutions. All we need to do is to satisfy the thirst for energy without destroying the environment. It is a difficult task, which surprisingly has a simple solution.

@11:15 nuclear waste,,,

Several questions: 1. Where do you safely store CO2 from carbon capture? 2. How much is the efficiency of a gas power plant reduced if you need to use some amount of that energy to capture CO2? 3. What about Power-to-Gas? Meaning using excess power to produce Hydrogen and either directly mix it into the natural gas pipelines or convert it using CO2 into methane?

There are still many obstacles for the grid interactive home. No US made EV's can export power to the house. Residential customers with an EV or a PV system with a battery are not allowed to compete in the energy markets that large generators can. Electric hot water heaters, EV chargers, and other devices with discretionary loads, could be controlled by WiFi but these need products are missing and utilities need to develop business models that can fairly reward customers for exporting during peak loads. So much more can easily be done and with some effort we could see grid interactive homes grow quickly. The use of smartphones are key to automating this and maybe some video game developers could even make it fun to shift loads.

Impresive talk, glade that they uploaded. It's time to know what are problemes are, and the scale of them and take action. Not just only engeneering action, social, philosophical and spiritual.

To get their P:E's back up, Big Oil will start redirecting their cash flow into renewables, directly or through acquisitions. This is how the money comes to do the conversion to green energy.

Voltage moves electricity, pressure moves fluids, and money moves people! The cost of carbon pollution is currently not added to the cost of fossil fuels. Yes a politically difficult carbon tax is overdue and will help drive the adoption of EV’s, but electric cars are already much lower cost to operate and much lower cost to maintain without a transmission, a check engine light, or elaborate exhaust treatment. Utilities are well aware of the duck and the shark curve, and the strategic charging of electric vehicles via WiFi controlled chargers and V2G can clearly help alleviate the grid energy storage problem as non-dispatchable renewable generation increases. The general public will soon realizes the lower life cycle costs of EV’s in the next few years, so a decade from now, EV’s will dominate new car sales, even without a carbon tax. In my opinion, hydrogen, because it has a lower round trip efficiency, it is more likely to play a significant role when renewable generation is so built up that curtailment becomes common. Rather than curtail renewable generation, make hydrogen or related chemical energy that can be stored for weeks and not the few hours that lithium batteries provide.While hydrogen vehicles like the Toyota Mariah have decent range, the cost, efficiency, and life of fuel cells and PEM membranes used to make hydrogen are getting left behind by the economies of scale from lithium batteries and the intoxicating power and fun of EV drivetrains.

It is clear that action is required at such a rate that you will need those whose business models will be impacted to direct their knowhow, capital, and expertise to solve a problem like this. Perhaps the unprecedented threat of of the coronavirus will illustrate that we must all work together and make changes that are uncomfortable in the short term to head off significantly greater levels of discomfort in the not too distant future. Global warming is a problem we could solve if we all understand it and we all work on it.