your lower ext alot of ads i watched few of them like most of it. i dunno youre stil having pay for it but i still i watched it. i hope you still make videos like this. thank you

I begin with accurate alignment, then collimation and positioning of the cassette with grid. With a standard focused 35x43 grid you will need to tilt it a few degrees to avoid grid cut off as you will be directing the beam to only one side of it. Once everything is in place, the patients leg is raised for only 20 seconds where collimation to within the skin edge is produced. Often a wedge filter is also required. To understand this use of the grid, watch my video kzbin.info/www/bejne/o4uzdZKdgdhoetksi=aUCYhAQmro8EqNRA

Very well explained

Thank you for the video

At 15.26. Central ray skimming the sesamoid bones. Hopefully you know that there is nothing special about the central ray. It is the position of the tube focus that causes the geometry of the projection. Tube angulation is one thing and the geometry of the projection is often another. 75% of qualified radiographers fail the geometry test. kzbin.info/www/bejne/h4O3aKqmhL-godEsi=gS8gxg7r0csXl8wZ The geometry can be exploited to perfect projections like 28.36 lateral standing foot. Central ray to the sole of the foot, then angle up and collimate to the sole of the foot. A perfect representation of foot and the surface it stands on which can't be achieved using the technique shown. I retired after 40 years working for 40 practices. My secret to success was not using any centring points, only accurate collimation. This fixed the predicted outcome with the actual radiograph which does not happen in the conventional approach. I mastered radiography as an art form, always striving for perfection and learning from failure, whereas others only satisfied the criteria while following a formula devised in the 1920s, long before accurate collimation and the risks of radiation were appreciated. Look at my collimation approach to lumbar spines then other videos on my channel. kzbin.info/www/bejne/aoiUmGOLi7R6p5Isi=2kxhsXDyyb29gnTC

Good knowledge

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Thanks Jonah Hill, loved you in super bad

Never use centring points. Accurately collimate. My favourite axial view is not shown. That is when the patient carefully stands on the cassette. It is very quick and easy

To improve collimation and reduce patient dose and scatter radiation, follow the traditional instructions shown, then alter the tube angulation so collimation is at its best. Remember that we were never taught a rule. Tube angulation in this way, only changes collimation. It doesn't change the projection geometry because the tube focus does not move with tube angulation. kzbin.info/www/bejne/o4uzdZKdgdhoetksi=mBJqu0ngW2b0Bzlu

If you include the foot on an AP ankle, you have followed the 1920 instructions instead of working out the best approach. you may as well direct the beam to the ankle and exclude the foot by centring above the ankle joint. A change of 5cm makes no detectable difference to the projection, but if you are a stickler to the traditional representation, centre on the ankle joint, then angle up until the collimation suits the ankle. Remember that changing the tube angle like This does not change the position of the tube focus, so the projection does not change. Tube angulation only changes collimation. kzbin.info/www/bejne/o4uzdZKdgdhoetksi=mBJqu0ngW2b0Bzlu

Always exclude the lower leg and ankle from foot xrays. With the weight bearing projection. You need to show all of the sole of the foot, so begin with horizontal beam centred on the sole, then angle the tube upwards to include the foot and collimate. Changing the tube angle in this way does not change the geometrical relationship between focus, object and collector as shown in this video. kzbin.info/www/bejne/o4uzdZKdgdhoetksi=mBJqu0ngW2b0Bzlu. Unfortunately, only. 25% of radiographers know about projection geometry. I presented papers at national conferences in Australia in 1988 and 2016, the last one because all three university tutors didn't understand it

Well done. Good instructional video. I have been looking at shoulder xrays from KZbin tutors from the Indian subcontinent and they don't collimate at all. For example, a clavicle xray will also involve primary beam dose to all of the skull, cervical spine, humerus, forearm, and most of the chest and abdomen, and then they will not include a 30 degree uptilt.

Thanks for the upload. It really came in handy. Noticed you never continued on. Are you still posting? I'd love to see the upper extremities

How about the Zanca view sir

شكراً لك شرح واضح جداً

Dan Hobbs was my teacher. Great guy!

Thank you so much, very helpful video