interlingua

depends how you use it. It's been more helpful to me than French

@vsauce

@paytonlore82

esperanto: <<<< toki pona: >>>>

Technically, but 'r' in E-o is almost always taught as an alveolar trill (Duolingo, for example), and I have never heard any spoken E-o with any other pronunciation.

@@andrewpinedo1883 I have and I hate it. I've heard Americans pronounce it like the r in English and french pronounce it like the r in french. There is definitely a standard so idk why people think they can use whatever pronunciation.

@@betos-08 Because there isn't a standard. Zamenhof never unambiguously specified the true pronunciation of the rhotic. In the English version of La Fundamento, the rhotic is pronounced like the R in ‘rare’ with no mention of it being trilled. In the French and German versions, the rhotic is pronounced as a uvular trill. And in the Russian and Polish versions, the rhotic is pronounced as an alveolar trill. All of these ambiguities are the reason why it is interpreted that the rhotic is pronounced like however it is pronounced in your native language. You could see how this definition is very poor, especially if you are from a language that doesn't even have a true rhotic (such as Japanese or Korean). The alveolar trill became the de facto standard by the Esperantujo for some reason. But the alveolar trill rule is not de jure, which is why many E-o speakers still use other pronounciations.

@@andrewpinedo1883 Ankorau ghi estas achega prononcado

Esperanto is not a phonetic language, and the other Latin languages, namely Galician / Portuguese / Gallo / French / Occitan / Spanish / Catalan / Neapolitan / Guernsey / Venetian / Walloon / Pretarolo / Sardinian / Friulian / Latin / Italian / Ancient Latin / Sicillian / Ladin / Corsican and the other languages that are based on them, which are usually referred to as dialects, even though they are different languages with different spelling, aren’t phonetic either, and none of the pretty languages are fully phonetic, and these languages are only partially phonetic to mostly phonetic, but not fully phonetic - phonetic means that it looks exactly like it is spelled, which Esperanto doesn’t, as it has letters like C which are pronounced TS despite C being a K sound in fact, and J which is normally a J sound like the J in French, tho in Germanic languages and in Esperanto J is used as an Y (i) sound, plus the pronunciation is different in certain words, as the pronunciation of words was / is always decided by the language creator depending on the word and what sounds best for each word, especially in the Germanic languages and in the 6 modern Celtic languages and in the Latin languages and in Hungarian and Slovene etc, and the pronunciation rules are just the general rules, but not every word is pronounced according to the pronunciation rules in any of these languages that I am learning, and there are always exceptions, and words must always be learnt with their pronunciation and spelling, which is the right way of learning languages, even though it’s also important to learn the alphabet and sounds and the pronunciation rules as a beginner, and from what I could hear, the word for garden was pronounced with a normal G sound like in the English word gate, yet it is spellt with the other G letter that has a circumflex that is supposed to be pronounced like a DG / DGY sound like in the English word bridge!

English has the most logical pronunciation rules and spelling rules etc, same as Icelandic and Norse and Dutch and Norwegian and Danish and Faroese and Gothic etc, which is why these languages sound amazing pretty and look amazingly pretty, and they are the prettiest languages ever, so English pronunciation isn’t a nightmare at all, one is supposed to learn each word with its pronunciation and spelling and treat each word as an individual and learn each word automatically by repeating / revising it many times over a longer period of time, not rely on pronunciation rules, and, anyone that is native speaker level in English can see how easy English is to use and type on any device, as it has the lightest spelling ever, like Dutch, without diacritics and umlauts and accents etc, except for a few words like resumé that are usually a loanword from French etc, which is one of the things that make English words way easier to spell / read / memorize than Esperanto / Spanish / French etc words! English is the easiest language ever created, as it was designed that way on purpose, and oversimplified to the maximum even, so that it could easily become the universal language fast, being so easy to use and learn etc and the easiest language to speak fast, easier than any other language, and it has the easiest pronunciation with very soft sounds and soft types of Rs that are way easier to use than a thrilled R and that also sound great and modern and refined, and, the only ppl that have difficulty spelling or reading English words are learners that aren’t fluent yet and that aren’t using a proper language learning techniques and that aren’t learning the words with their pronunciation and spelling and that aren’t watching enough videos and movies in English with English subs, but all that know English fluently at a native speaker level can tell how easy it is to use and type and speak, and that no one language is as easy to type and to speak fast and to use etc as English! Re the letter R, the R sound is one of those problematic sounds, just as the CH / SH / TS sounds, that should be pronounced as softly as possible, just barely touching the R and saying it as fast as possible and not trying to prolong it, as the softer the R is, the better it sounds, and, I highly recommend using a soft normal R in Esperanto and Spanish and other pretty languages that use thrilled Rs, just like I do, as soft Rs have the pretty sound and are also way easier to pronounce, so they make speaking way easier!

I have just started learning Esperanto and Latin, and I am learning 15+ languages at the moment, and I highly recommend learning Esperanto 2gether with Norse / Icelandic / Dutch / Norwegian as these languages are too pretty not to know and are as perfect and gorgeous as English, so they are a must-know for every learner, as Norse / English / Icelandic / Dutch / Norwegian are the prettiest and most refined and most poetic languages ever created with the coolest and most modern pronunciation rules and sounds and are a real work of art, and Norse and Icelandic are the most alpha languages ever with the coolest pronunciation (as are English and Dutch) which are the perfect languages to show off with, and if one wants to sound as cool as possible and as modern as possible one must learn them, and Welsh / Breton / Cornish and the other 3 modern Celtic languages are also super gorgeous, so I highly recommend learning them all, and l highly recommend learning as many languages as one can handle at the same time, as it is way more fun and it saves many years and decades - I only started learning languages on my own about one year ago, and I am already upper advanced level in Dutch and advanced level in Norwegian and upper intermediate level in Icelandic / Norse / German and mid intermediate level in Swedish / Portuguese / French / Italian and intermediate level in Welsh and upper beginner level in many other languages, this being the most efficient way to learn languages, and I only choose pretty and easy languages that are category 1 languages and category 2 languages, and two category 3 languages like Irish and Scottish Gaelic, as choosing wisely is the key to being a successful polyglot, so I only learn pretty and easy languages that use normal letters (the Latin alphabet, which is the easiest and most logical alphabet ever) that are easy to read and type and pronounce etc, and I prioritize the prettiest languages the most, and I am also learning new words in all other target languages and learning the alphabets and the basics etc, having over 50 languages on my list of languages I want to learn and improve!

By the way, here are some ways to improve Esperanto grammar, so that the sentences and conjugated verbs sound right, as its grammar isn’t perfect (well, no language’s grammar is 100% perfect, tho some languages come close to having a perfect grammar, but there are still a few things that need improving in each pretty language) and, Esperanto is a pretty language too, even though it isn’t close to the level of prettiness and diversity and perfection of Icelandic / Norse / Dutch / English / Norwegian (the five prettiest and most logical languages ever, which are equally gorgeous) and other Germanic languages and Welsh / Breton / Cornish / Manx / Irish / Scottish Gaelic, which are the prettiest languages with a lot of variety when it comes to pretty word endings and conjugations (very few languages work with only one conjugated verb form or two conjugated verb forms) etc... Its grammar definitely needs to be improved, because mi estas and la hundoj don’t sound right at all, as Latin languages aren’t neutral like English (Latin languages have strong word endings and strong verb endings, just like Icelandic and Norse and Gothic and Dutch and German and Old English etc) and don’t have an ER or R conjugated verb ending like Norwegian / Danish / Swedish, so they need different verb endings for each pronoun to sound right... The definite article should have an S at the end when used with plurals, for example, it should be las hundoj / la hundo, and it would have been even more logical to have lo and los (lo hundo / los hundoj) as definite articles, since the nouns end in O which is a masculine-sounding noun ending, tho I noticed that all nouns end in O in Esperanto, so it seems to have this contrast between A and O going on, and I guess one will get used to it eventually...

Besides, the pronouns that mean he and she should always be used when referring to plants and non-hüm’n animals who are living beings with known gender, in both Esperanto and English, and also in all other languages that have the word that means it - hüm’ns are also animals, so it makes no sense logically to refer to a bird or a dog or a flower etc as it, while referring to a hum’n as he, hüm’ns are not better than dogs etc, and flowers / trees / plants and birds / bees / butterflies etc are pure and sacred beings reflecting me the pure / sacred being who are superior to both hüm’ns and dogs etc, and flowers / birds / trees etc are certainly not an it, and it is actually extremely speciesistic to refer to them as it in any language...

Yes

It really is that easy. There's only past, present, future and conditional tense, each marked by a specific vowel: a for present, i for past, o for future and u for conditional. One can also form active and passive participles with these vowels (apart from u). For example "mi legas" = "I read" gives "leganta" = "which/who is reading (now)", "leginta" = "which/who was reading (in the past)", "legonta" ="which/who will be reading" for the active participles. (As they are adjectives, they end with an "a", of course.) And the passive ones: "legata" = "being read (now)", "legita" = "which has been read", "legota" = "which will be read".

Because almost every european language has them or something similar like a demonstrative pronoun (thinking of the slavic languages). Esperanto is not meant to be equal for all languages.

@@betos-08 The problem is that if a Russian or a Japanese person wanted to learn it, it would be hard for them and if you call someone, you would have to use "la" before their name? because if you call someone you know, it would be defined. that's what makes it confusing

@@piosin1682 That's theoretical. I've never seen it be an actual problem. China is one of the largest hubs of Esperanto speakers. There are Esperanto news stations from the Chinese government. Even if it is, it doesn't stop communication or hinder it.

​@@betos-08 Ok but isn't it useless? I mean articles are needed if 1) you can't tell if a word is a noun without context + 2) if there's no free word order that allows you to show definiteness in nouns by rearranging words in a sentence. Esperanto have 2 cases: nominative (o/oj) and accusative (on/ojn), so the language has free word order and you can use it instead of articles. Example: The boy completed the task Knabo faris taskon. A boy completed the task. Faris taskon knabo. The boy completed a task Knabo faris ia taskon. A boy completed a task Faris ia taskon knabo. It's like in Slavic languages

@@neko2718_ That just makes it way more complicated. In theory it's free word order but in practice 99% of the time people use SVO (most speakers know European languages which follow that pattern). It's never an issue in real life. It's very easy to tell a noun from an adjective bc they always have the same endings so there's never any confusion. But the more you get into articles, you see some weird stuff like before abstract nouns you need it so technically you're supposed to say "La amo estas bela" but if you say "Amo estas bela" it's obv 100% understandable. I guess you can argue it's useless since you can make an argument for anything really. But I dont think it is. I've seen that argument made before of "it's useless" but if you remove the richness and detail of a language you end up with Toki Pona (and even Toki Pona can be simplified), a language unfit for serious communication. Pretty much ever argument against Esperanto is made by non-Esperantists trying to "improve" the language but it just makes it more complicated. Idk if you speak the language or not but there's no reason to change anything, we have everything we need and it's been working fine since the beginning.

Esperanto is not a phonetic language, and the other Latin languages, namely Galician / Portuguese / Gallo / French / Occitan / Spanish / Catalan / Neapolitan / Guernsey / Venetian / Walloon / Pretarolo / Sardinian / Friulian / Latin / Italian / Ancient Latin / Sicillian / Ladin / Corsican and the other languages that are based on them, which are usually referred to as dialects, even though they are different languages with different spelling, aren’t phonetic either, and none of the pretty languages are fully phonetic, and these languages are only partially phonetic to mostly phonetic, but not fully phonetic - phonetic means that it looks exactly like it is spelled, which Esperanto doesn’t, as it has letters like C which are pronounced TS despite C being a K sound in fact, and J which is normally a J sound like the J in French, tho in Germanic languages and in Esperanto J is used as an Y (i) sound, plus the pronunciation is different in certain words, as the pronunciation of words was / is always decided by the language creator depending on the word and what sounds best for each word, especially in the Germanic languages and in the 6 modern Celtic languages and in the Latin languages and in Hungarian and Slovene etc, and the pronunciation rules are just the general rules, but not every word is pronounced according to the pronunciation rules in any of these languages that I am learning, and there are always exceptions, and words must always be learnt with their pronunciation and spelling, which is the right way of learning languages, even though it’s also important to learn the alphabet and sounds and the pronunciation rules as a beginner, and from what I could hear, the word for garden was pronounced with a normal G sound like in the English word gate, yet it is spellt with the other G letter that has a circumflex that is supposed to be pronounced like a DG / DGY sound like in the English word bridge!

English has the most logical pronunciation rules, same as Icelandic and Norse and Dutch and Norwegian and Danish and Faroese and Gothic etc, which is why these languages sound amazing pretty and look amazingly pretty, and they are the prettiest languages ever - English pronunciation isn’t a nightmare at all, one is supposed to learn each word with its pronunciation and spelling and treat each word as an individual and learn each word automatically by repeating / revising it many times over a longer period of time, not rely on pronunciation rules, and, anyone that is native speaker level in English can see how easy English is to use and type on any device, as it has the lightest spelling ever, like Dutch, without diacritics and accent etc, except for a few words like resumé, and English words are way easier to spell than Esperanto words, the only ppl that have difficulty spelling or reading English words are learners that aren’t fluent yet and that aren’t using a proper language learning techniques and that aren’t learning the words with their pronunciation and spelling and that aren’t watching enough videos and movies in English with English subs!

I have just started learning Esperanto and Latin, and I am learning 15+ languages at the moment, and I highly recommend learning Esperanto 2gether with Norse / Icelandic / Dutch / Norwegian as these languages are too pretty not to know and are as perfect and gorgeous as English, so they are a must-know for every learner, as Norse / English / Icelandic / Dutch / Norwegian are the prettiest and most refined and most poetic languages ever created with the coolest and most modern pronunciation rules and sounds and are a real work of art, and Norse and Icelandic are the most alpha languages ever with the coolest pronunciation (as are English and Dutch) which are the perfect languages to show off with, and if one wants to sound as cool as possible and as modern as possible one must learn them, and Welsh / Breton / Cornish and the other 3 modern Celtic languages are also super gorgeous, so I highly recommend learning them all, and l highly recommend learning as many languages as one can handle at the same time, as it is way more fun and it saves many years and decades - I only started learning languages on my own about one year ago, and I am already upper advanced level in Dutch and advanced level in Norwegian and upper intermediate level in Icelandic / Norse / German and mid intermediate level in Swedish / Portuguese / French / Italian and intermediate level in Welsh and upper beginner level in many other languages, this being the most efficient way to learn languages, and I only choose pretty and easy languages that are category 1 languages and category 2 languages, and two category 3 languages like Irish and Scottish Gaelic, as choosing wisely is the key to being a successful polyglot, so I only learn pretty and easy languages that use normal letters (the Latin alphabet, which is the easiest and most logical alphabet ever) that are easy to read and type and pronounce etc, and I prioritize the prettiest languages the most, and I am also learning new words in all other target languages and learning the alphabets and the basics etc, having over 50 languages on my list of languages I want to learn and improve!

@@thetrueoneandonlyladyprinc8038Why are you trolling these comments with your criticism of non-Germanic languages?

@@thetrueoneandonlyladyprinc8038 what the frick are you on about