2024 255F M1L5 20240830

This organic chemistry lecture continued the discussion of hydrocarbon functional groups focusing on alkenes and alkynes. Structural aspects of the double and triple bonds were discussed with number of sigma and pi bonds required for each functional group. The nomenclature aspects including cis/trans or E/Z for geometrical alkene isomers as well as terminal/internal for alkynes were demonstrated with C2-C4 carbon counts. The concept of degrees of unsaturation was introduced in order to provide guidance on how to convert a molecular formula into constitutional isomers. The degrees of unsaturation can be either a pi bond or ring. A table was utilized to logically organize linear vs branched isomers to create structural claims for the molecular formula. The uniqueness was also emphasized a means to differentiate constitutional isomers.