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Has been," "have been," and "had been" are all forms of the verb "to be" used in different tenses. Here's how they work:
Has been:
Used with singular subjects (he, she, it) in the present perfect tense.
Describes an action or state that started in the past and continues to the present.
Example: She has been working here for five years.
Have been:
Used with plural subjects (we, they) and with "I" in the present perfect tense.
Similar to "has been," it describes an action or state that started in the past and continues to the present.
Example: They have been studying all day.
Had been:
Used in the past perfect tense for both singular and plural subjects.
Describes an action or state that was happening before another action in the past.
Example: By the time we arrived, she had been waiting for an hour.
Each of these forms helps convey time relationships between actions and states.