5 expressions to sound more Australian | Learn Australian English | Aussie English

  Рет қаралды 129,457

Aussie English

Aussie English

Күн бұрын

Пікірлер: 201
@AussieEnglishPodcast
@AussieEnglishPodcast Жыл бұрын
FREE eBooks/Audiobooks ⬇ Ultimate Guide to Learning Australian English aussie-english.ck.page/ultimateaeguide ⬇ How To Speak Australian aussie-english.ck.page/freeguide ⬇ 80+ Contractions for Daily Conversations in English aussie-english.ck.page/80contractionslesson 👉 Join my 5-Day FREE English Course: www.aussieenglish.com.au/free-course/ 👉 Join the Premium Podcast here & access 1000+ episodes: www.aussieenglish.com.au
@alikasaeifard4037
@alikasaeifard4037 7 жыл бұрын
"No Dramas ! / Righto " were new for me .... Thanks mate
@HenriettaP
@HenriettaP 4 жыл бұрын
Aussies hate drama!
@elizabethscott7660
@elizabethscott7660 3 жыл бұрын
A common response is, she's right mate
@TP-fl9ul
@TP-fl9ul 5 жыл бұрын
Omg i am in love with this accent and words
@MsSheila54
@MsSheila54 7 жыл бұрын
I have heard "no dramas" only once so far usually everyone says "no worries". A month ago up in Cairns someone told me "no worries mate, she'll be apples". I quite like that expression.
@anaussie213
@anaussie213 7 жыл бұрын
Sheila F. No worries is just a standard polite reply. No dramas is for when someone is apologising for something profusely, like "I'm so sorry" "oh no dramas, all good".
@MsSheila54
@MsSheila54 7 жыл бұрын
Thank you for the explanation. My Aussie English is improving a lot since I started to watch the videos.
@CleanSheet1191987
@CleanSheet1191987 5 жыл бұрын
I’m Aussie and pretty much, almost always, say “no worries, all good, no dramas”, obviously depending on the situation 😂. Just another one to throw in to the mix as well; if I’m going to ask someone if they are okay or would like some help, or even just out of genuine concern, I can be caught saying “Ya good?” Although it’s like a soft “ya”, almost like “y’eh”. For example; I’m currently in Moscow and the concierge in my hotel was struggling to move a whole bunch of suitcases through the door, so I said “ya good?” And then proceeded to help him. Of course, context and how it’s said plays a big part. Say it with genuine concern and it gets the meaning across. If you say it with sarcasm, it takes on a different meaning.
@graemewilliams1308
@graemewilliams1308 5 жыл бұрын
@@CleanSheet1191987 No no no ! To ask someone if they need help you say: "Mate, do you need a chop out "
@CleanSheet1191987
@CleanSheet1191987 5 жыл бұрын
Graeme Williams lol I’ve never heard that one!
@nellaroseeawon3581
@nellaroseeawon3581 5 жыл бұрын
Love this so much. Now I can improve my Australian English. Thanks mate ❤️
@jonnamaelinghon6785
@jonnamaelinghon6785 9 ай бұрын
Thanks for this. Ive heard a lot of these words everyday from AU cx over the phone. The word I cant forger was Righto. I even end up asking one of my cx because I dont understand. 😂 lol. And she told me the way you say it. Thank you! Happy to found your channel.
@asdfisaac
@asdfisaac 7 жыл бұрын
I love and understand Australia more cuz of u Pete!!!
@nicemexican87
@nicemexican87 7 жыл бұрын
G'day mate! Thanks for this wonderful video. I love all your lessons on Australian pronunciation, mate! You're doin' a great job!!! and this is very helpful for me because I have heaps of Aussie friends down here in Mexico. Hugs from Mexico,, Pete!
@Carlos-cx3vw
@Carlos-cx3vw 5 жыл бұрын
2:18 when someone hit u "no dramas , it's ok , u are welcome"😂😂😂
@luenthusiast
@luenthusiast 4 жыл бұрын
Ton nom mdrrrrrrrrr😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
@haych27
@haych27 5 жыл бұрын
How's it going? Is so true it's hilarious. I say no worries more than no drama - in my opinion & from international friends - these two words are quintessential Aussie English. Righto.
@llynm9584
@llynm9584 2 жыл бұрын
This is really hard but I need to learn this, thank you mate.❤🇵🇭
@maximaleffort
@maximaleffort 5 жыл бұрын
Perfect lesson. Thx man.(USA). This video is an ace mate! Cheers!(Aussie)
@ynaffit95
@ynaffit95 7 жыл бұрын
Loved it. Very useful
@lerinnorena9275
@lerinnorena9275 7 жыл бұрын
thanks a lot for this video Pete !
@intsfanatic
@intsfanatic 7 жыл бұрын
Great videos mate! As a person from a country where "R" sounds pretty rough i find it quite tricky to pronounce "Nah, you´re alright mate", you think you´d be able to fit that into one of your lessons? Cheers.
@edcwshek
@edcwshek 7 жыл бұрын
Can I say "g'day" at night and "mate" to a lady?
@TheCilou6
@TheCilou6 7 жыл бұрын
Aussie English then what would you say instead ?
@TheCilou6
@TheCilou6 7 жыл бұрын
Aussie English I'm a woman, so maybe one of those sweet names won't feel as patronising. Can I say "mate" to any man (even for instance on Tweeter or KZbin to someone I don't know personally ) Just in case I can, thank you mate. 😊
@edcwshek
@edcwshek 7 жыл бұрын
Pete thank you so much for your answer.
@TheCilou6
@TheCilou6 7 жыл бұрын
Aussie English well done on the exemple. 😊
@krowl13
@krowl13 6 жыл бұрын
I'm a teacher and I call my primary school students "mate" if they are a boy or "hon" if they are a girl. Talking to my girl friends I use lots of words. I might call them mate, hon, love, chicky, girl, dude - basically anything if we are close! I think g'day is overrated! It is very common in some areas, but where I live we are more likely to say "hey" as a greeting. I don't know if I have every used "g'day" unless I was acting overly Aussie! (I'm from Central Queensland)
@pingyi8881
@pingyi8881 6 жыл бұрын
Thank you i love Aussie English finally
@pingyi8881
@pingyi8881 6 жыл бұрын
Yeah right!!
@siyuandi3024
@siyuandi3024 7 жыл бұрын
Thanks Pete. Could you please talk about some chatting expressions on social media or SMS, for example I see friends use dunno a lot. What else are usually used during a conversation? It would be great if you could talk about some in your episode. Cheers mate!
@AP-mz1iv
@AP-mz1iv 6 жыл бұрын
I can understand all that you said, your prinunciation is clear , 👍👍👍👍
@MsSheila54
@MsSheila54 7 жыл бұрын
I love Australian beer especially Victoria Bitter (VB) but I have problems ordering beer in a Pub. In every state they call the glass sizes differently. I usually end up ordering a small glass and sometimes I am asked if I liked a Pony? That was in Melbourne. Are you a beer drinker and could explain how I could order more Aussie like? Funny when for the first time someone told me: Your turn to shout or it's your shout. Once they talked about one bloke and told me: He wouldn't shout if a shark bit him!
@수조-h6v
@수조-h6v 5 жыл бұрын
Pot, schooner, Pint, jug and pot is the smallest size
@maccerch
@maccerch 5 жыл бұрын
My english is improving here mate
@vandirpereira8151
@vandirpereira8151 7 жыл бұрын
G'day, That was great tips for me. I loved that. Thank you so much, mate!
@昭和昭和-p3i
@昭和昭和-p3i 6 жыл бұрын
Thank you for these tips and advice. They are very useful!!
@hamed_finance
@hamed_finance 7 жыл бұрын
G’day mate, how’s it goin! I have listened through this episode thoroughly and I had thought it was tough lesson. It was much easier for me with the way you teach, though. Thanks
@qcbno1
@qcbno1 4 жыл бұрын
G’day. I am a Japanese have lived in Qld for half a year since 86 till 87 when WA used to be a home of America’s cup. Among 5 expressions 1,2&5 are very familiar to me. I have no problem to accept righto. “No drama” is the only one expression I have never heard.I use “no worries”
@PrincesitaRandolph
@PrincesitaRandolph 3 ай бұрын
Thank you for this Aussie english i'm Filipino and new here in Australia need more to learn how to speak slang or accent aussie language thank you and GOD BLESS❤
@Riyaa_8_21
@Riyaa_8_21 5 жыл бұрын
Thanks Mate....
@jezdiocampo3364
@jezdiocampo3364 7 жыл бұрын
Wow👏👏👏thank 'ya mate (can i use this expression?),this really helps me a lot.....Hope to learn from u a lot more
@peace2560
@peace2560 4 жыл бұрын
Thanks mate👍
@zenaelhage2002
@zenaelhage2002 5 жыл бұрын
I like it And it is very clear to understand 👍shukran
@BeOneOfUs01
@BeOneOfUs01 7 жыл бұрын
Thank you mate👏
@MJEnergy133
@MJEnergy133 7 жыл бұрын
thank you please keep going
@pardon906
@pardon906 7 жыл бұрын
No dramas, mate. Righto, I need to go. Love it, thanks
@alexhernandez49
@alexhernandez49 7 жыл бұрын
Righto mate! Cheers!
@AbdulAbdul-hn1df
@AbdulAbdul-hn1df 7 жыл бұрын
Good on ya mate very useful lesson for the youtube mates mate
@ellaroyalblue5789
@ellaroyalblue5789 7 жыл бұрын
Hey hey, tnx for the video. :) I am Serbian, started watching your videos when I moved to Melb.. You're awesome teacher, I must say :D
@ellaroyalblue5789
@ellaroyalblue5789 7 жыл бұрын
Thanks! I love it..its beautiful, feels like home :) but sometimes the only problem, tiny problem is aussie english :D
@virajpatel1759
@virajpatel1759 2 жыл бұрын
hurry up fast which goes well with pronto in english...what do you suggest ?
@sophiagrgvlogs3501
@sophiagrgvlogs3501 3 жыл бұрын
🤣🤣long time ago when I came here, I had done little mistake at work & I said sorry but she replied me no dramas! I was little upset but now I knew the word “ no drama “ is actually positive response🤣 however thanks for information!
@rubencrdlh
@rubencrdlh 6 жыл бұрын
Perfect video! Thanks mate 👌
@rubencrdlh
@rubencrdlh 6 жыл бұрын
Aussie English I'm from Spain
@rubencrdlh
@rubencrdlh 6 жыл бұрын
Aussie English No, but I'm thinking to go to aus in the next year maybe. Sorry for my English! I'm learning 😧😀
@maricellastrellaceleste8733
@maricellastrellaceleste8733 7 жыл бұрын
It's very helpful to me...😊
@dxtuw
@dxtuw 5 жыл бұрын
Singaporean here, and I've been used to saying 'skoin' on', more so, compared to 'how's it going?'. Probably more prevalent in Brissy?
@kadeawesome3230
@kadeawesome3230 4 жыл бұрын
tandxurbanwire scarnon
@youssefjalabi7072
@youssefjalabi7072 7 жыл бұрын
Thanks> we need more
@youssefjalabi7072
@youssefjalabi7072 7 жыл бұрын
You are so kind
@kumar-wv7mu
@kumar-wv7mu 7 жыл бұрын
thanks mate
@lainesf
@lainesf 5 жыл бұрын
I want more videos like this 😊
@cheaftv125
@cheaftv125 5 жыл бұрын
Australia is my dream country... thank god I see your videos mate
@cheaftv125
@cheaftv125 5 жыл бұрын
Yes it is mate...
@tanyabrown9839
@tanyabrown9839 6 жыл бұрын
I and I know many others do too, pronouce the "t" in "righto" when I say it and not a d.
@kangablue4502
@kangablue4502 5 жыл бұрын
Yeah, me too
@gabrielaalexandra_uckg
@gabrielaalexandra_uckg 7 жыл бұрын
I love it!!
@henryzhu7158
@henryzhu7158 7 жыл бұрын
I really like your videos, mate. Could you talk about English names and how you normally say those some time. Thanks mate!
@krowl13
@krowl13 6 жыл бұрын
I say "no worries" all the time! Honestly, I only say righto when I am being sarcastic. e.g. when someone is telling a really exaggerated story I might say "righto, mate"
@dianajoy7643
@dianajoy7643 7 жыл бұрын
I love no dramas! Can I use it when talking over the phone?
@tuanhai214
@tuanhai214 7 жыл бұрын
One time I was trying to buy something on gumtree but couldn't make it. The seller replied to me "no dramas!" and I thought he meant "don't play a scene, don't waste my time". Thanks so much for your explaination haha
@joelmasamba6762
@joelmasamba6762 Жыл бұрын
No dramas my amazing teacher i would rather learn more from your videos coz I've been understanding a Lot otherwise when being in America i gotta have dramas understanding others thanks to you coz i came to France two weeks ago i do know that I'm gonna understand everybody whatever they speak whether it be American people i gotta actually get mate
@susim4503
@susim4503 6 жыл бұрын
My personal favourites 'no worries' and 'mate'. Don't forget Maaaaaate as in 'not sure that's a good idea'.
@JohnHallett5846isaPrick
@JohnHallett5846isaPrick Жыл бұрын
Don't forget classic terms like "Arse Bandit" to describe an Aussie Rules Footballer and "Bunnings Premium Customer" to describe an Aussie Cricketer
@oliverocket
@oliverocket 7 жыл бұрын
I lived in Australia two years and I was a bit careful when addressing other Australians as 'mates' Because once I saw an Aussie guy angrily yelling to this Asian guy on the street: You're not my mate! Don't call me mate! I reckon he was drunk and he was trying to make an statement like: you're not Oz, you aren't allowed to use our expressions! Obviously this was an isolated case and isn't the norm but planted a seed on my head :( but don't get me wrong I loved Australia and still want to come back one day :)
@suemcdermott3482
@suemcdermott3482 4 жыл бұрын
He was just a prick they live All around The World ya just cant get rid of them and other Aussie would have told him to pull his head in as we are pretty friendly bunch cheers mate LoL 😜😎😜
@HenriettaP
@HenriettaP 4 жыл бұрын
You should tell them to say “How’re they hangin?” 😂
@justaksh
@justaksh 5 жыл бұрын
G’day mate... how’s it goin? You’re too cute... great stuff! Righto... no dramas 😂 thanks so much! Cheers
@annieraposon8071
@annieraposon8071 7 жыл бұрын
Very nice
@manuelasanchez31
@manuelasanchez31 5 жыл бұрын
One phrase that I heard a lot in Australia is “too easy”. Maybe they say it in other countries too, but I heard it for the first time in Straya 😝
@graemewilliams1308
@graemewilliams1308 5 жыл бұрын
It means "a piece of piss " see, simple really !
@syedsaad1594
@syedsaad1594 6 жыл бұрын
Noice vid, m8. Cheers!!
@YokoshimaSTAR
@YokoshimaSTAR 4 жыл бұрын
Your eyes are as big as these cute filters on apps :) gorgeous!
@aarongrisham9880
@aarongrisham9880 2 жыл бұрын
"mate" can be used with shielas yeah?
@camilagutierrez1191
@camilagutierrez1191 7 жыл бұрын
If this word doesn't exist in Aussie vernacular, it should: "loody", meaning ludicrous. The same could be applied to other words ending in "ous", such as "riddy" for "ridiculous", "dangey" for "dangerous", etc. Can we get "loody" to happen?
@nikgeorgio
@nikgeorgio 7 жыл бұрын
"mate" is very widely used in essex-england as well, where you also can say it even to total strangers...same as "bruva" (brother)lol
@faadlee
@faadlee 5 жыл бұрын
Great video. What about some expressions of frustrations as holy crap or cactus etc
@candylee2705
@candylee2705 4 жыл бұрын
Can I ask you if “mate” is refer to a female or male?or both? Thank you
@tuanhai214
@tuanhai214 7 жыл бұрын
"G'day (hey) mate, how's it going?" "Ta", "Have a good one!" are the phrases I use hundred of times every day working at the airport. When I explain "ta" means "thank you", some American find it helpful, some think I'm joking with them =.=!
@honeybonbonnie
@honeybonbonnie 5 жыл бұрын
Awwww.... Righto I heard it before several times. I didn’t know back then haha
@TheCilou6
@TheCilou6 7 жыл бұрын
Thank you for the video. I'm French and began watching your video to understand how Australian English differs from American English because of Australian actors in a show I love who have American accents on the show. When being both on a panel and been thanked by a fan they would answer "no worries" Now I know it's Australian 😊 (I'm waiting for the no dramas answer now) Cilou
@TheCilou6
@TheCilou6 7 жыл бұрын
Aussie English I'd kinda think a crocodile would definitely fall on the hell yes there's lots of dramas category than into the no dramas one 🐊 Cilou
@88Nikoli
@88Nikoli 6 жыл бұрын
I've never heard someone saying the plural or drama as in no dramas though Pete , it's always no drama mate at least wherever I've been around our beautiful land !
@BelenCayanong
@BelenCayanong 7 ай бұрын
Miss you SOOO MUCH Mate....🇦🇺🇦🇺🇦🇺♥️♥️♥️🇵🇭🇵🇭🇵🇭🙏🙏🙏
@carolmclauchlan1744
@carolmclauchlan1744 5 жыл бұрын
Another one from Southern Australia is: 'No worries, David Murrays!"
@sdrawkcabsisiht6319
@sdrawkcabsisiht6319 4 жыл бұрын
I say mate pretty much all the time, usually in conjunction with C***, nah but after watching and seeing everybody in the comments use it I'm hyper aware of using the word mate.
@sajjadhussain-ng3kn
@sajjadhussain-ng3kn 4 жыл бұрын
Can we use mate for females as well??
@HenriettaP
@HenriettaP 4 жыл бұрын
No
@milliexing8005
@milliexing8005 5 жыл бұрын
Can ladies use mate?
@ribbonmmae
@ribbonmmae 5 жыл бұрын
I’m Japanese girl I used to be live in Melbourne but I’ve never heard Gday mate. And my friend said we do not use that one.
@HenriettaP
@HenriettaP 4 жыл бұрын
Depends who you mix with.
@Millss7
@Millss7 5 жыл бұрын
Part two??
@yuminoriega4950
@yuminoriega4950 7 жыл бұрын
This helps. :)
@kunjthakkar4916
@kunjthakkar4916 6 жыл бұрын
I'd like to have 3 accents : American, British and Australian
@kkluca9212
@kkluca9212 5 жыл бұрын
Kunj Thakkar I have all 3 of those
@rafailkarivalis1915
@rafailkarivalis1915 5 жыл бұрын
Anotha great one hea mate....lol,what about Cheers?????
@melinabuchner3829
@melinabuchner3829 7 жыл бұрын
Do people expect an answer after "how's it goin'?" - I'm always confused by that, because sometimes it's just a phrase, right? Thank you :) !
@suemcdermott3482
@suemcdermott3482 4 жыл бұрын
Melina buchner of course you do All good mate and she be right mate bring it back l love the way our older generation use to speak like you got cigger digger she'll be right mate pass me some dead horse darls priceless cheers mate LoL 😜😎😜
@cleancyjanson8835
@cleancyjanson8835 7 жыл бұрын
In fact I usually use always these words really
@ninzo3727
@ninzo3727 6 жыл бұрын
How about the C word, can we say that? :)
@carolmclauchlan1744
@carolmclauchlan1744 5 жыл бұрын
Queensland has it's own lingo: 'All good' , 'I'm onto it' & 'Bloody beeyuoodiful day innit?!!'
@graemewilliams1308
@graemewilliams1308 5 жыл бұрын
Dads pies.
@BeatricePetitdemange
@BeatricePetitdemange 3 жыл бұрын
I tried to create my account in your postcast It's impossible! It doesn't accept my email address
@robynmurray7421
@robynmurray7421 3 жыл бұрын
Women tend not to use the word 'mate' as often as men. Sometimes I use mate when talking to a child or a dog if I don't know their name, to be friendly or reassuring. (Say if there was a lost child, I would say 'Where's your mummy, mate?'). I would never call an elderly person mate, especially not an older woman. But I do use 'mate' sarcastically a lot. For instance if someone does something stupid in traffic, I might say to myself 'Good one mate'. Or if they were really stupid, just 'MATE!, or 'MAAAATE!' Mate can also be a not friendly warning: 'I wouldn't do that if I were you, mate.' Maybe you could do a video on how tone of voice affects the meaning of 'mate'.
@majedzn8647
@majedzn8647 7 жыл бұрын
What does "I've got to head off"; what does "head off" mean ?
@HenriettaP
@HenriettaP 4 жыл бұрын
Leave
@shanilrai1984
@shanilrai1984 4 жыл бұрын
With subtitle plz
@AussieEnglishPodcast
@AussieEnglishPodcast 4 жыл бұрын
Hey mate, if you want transcripts for all my videos and podcasts, you can join the Premium Podcast membership here: www.aussieenglish.com.au/podcast
@Paul-cd1cc
@Paul-cd1cc Жыл бұрын
Mate is brit too, isn’t it?
@RainbowFishSaysHello
@RainbowFishSaysHello 7 жыл бұрын
Word of warning: "righto" can often be patronising, like you're acknowledging what they've said but don't really agree. eg, "Mate, you should have seen it, it was THIS BIG!" "Yeah, righto." Also, much of the stuff in this video, especially "g'day" and "mate", is more male slang-used by women too, but not as frequently. In fact most of shortenings (arvo, servo, banga) I hear much more often from men. Understandable as it's presented by a man, but women have other phrases. I can't think of any (probably because I don't recognise it as slang, it's just stuff people say). But... yeah. If you have a lot of female Australian friends and haven't noticed these phrases so much, that might be why!
@comet.ibnaaz3941
@comet.ibnaaz3941 5 жыл бұрын
Yeah mate. No dramas..
@miche6563
@miche6563 7 жыл бұрын
have you ever been to WA? I think you would find the differences of the west and east interesting.
@mohammadtk7163
@mohammadtk7163 7 жыл бұрын
G'day 😉
@hoeiza
@hoeiza 5 жыл бұрын
Aussie Line
@robertblair8395
@robertblair8395 Жыл бұрын
Righto - if an Aussie looks you in the eye and says "righto mate" slowly, and clearly enunciating both t's, it's a threat/warning.
@dipayanchakraborty4751
@dipayanchakraborty4751 7 жыл бұрын
Queensland accent please..
@dipayanchakraborty4751
@dipayanchakraborty4751 7 жыл бұрын
Righto!!Thank you sir...
@chenyan9973
@chenyan9973 5 жыл бұрын
I have been in Brisbane for about 8years. I heared a lot of "G'day mate", but mostly from men. Seems it is not proper for female to say it. What do you reckon? Is there any greeting expression better for women to say?
@HenriettaP
@HenriettaP 4 жыл бұрын
I might say “Hi, how ya going?”
@GreendragonDMX
@GreendragonDMX 6 жыл бұрын
ive never heard anyone say righto 'righdo' its said said exactly as its spelt righto..if anything people go a touch softer on the T almost leaving it out
@johnharleycruz4345
@johnharleycruz4345 4 жыл бұрын
G'day mate
@sharyfor
@sharyfor 7 жыл бұрын
G’day Mate
@thesky363
@thesky363 6 жыл бұрын
Righto, I will try to use "Righto" and "No dramas!" Righto guys, i'm gonna head off.
@chiligiftcard7515
@chiligiftcard7515 6 жыл бұрын
thesky363 use em all man, no dramas.
12 Australian Slang Words You Should Know | Aussie English
14:53
Aussie English
Рет қаралды 46 М.
SPEAK Like an AUSTRALIAN: Linking VOWEL SOUNDS With W or Y or R?
13:38
Aussie English
Рет қаралды 165 М.
Человек паук уже не тот
00:32
Miracle
Рет қаралды 4,4 МЛН
Trick-or-Treating in a Rush. Part 2
00:37
Daniel LaBelle
Рет қаралды 46 МЛН
How many Australian accents are there really? | ABC Australia
7:18
ABC Australia
Рет қаралды 421 М.
28 AUSTRALIAN SLANG Words/Phrases (That You Need to Know!)
5:41
Welcome To
Рет қаралды 454 М.
American & Australian Women Attempting her Best British Accent!!
11:30
World Friends
Рет қаралды 2 МЛН
How To Contract TO BE | Australian Pronunciation Lesson
17:24
Aussie English
Рет қаралды 33 М.
How to understand Australians | Slang Words & Expressions
15:36
mmmEnglish
Рет қаралды 2,4 МЛН
If You Know These 15 Words, Your English is EXCELLENT!
7:39
Brian Wiles
Рет қаралды 6 МЛН
16 Aussie Slang Terms. Do I Use Them? | Learn Australian English
10:40
Aussie English
Рет қаралды 115 М.
THE AUSSIE O's AND WHEN TO USE THEM | Australian Accent Tips
14:40
Candice Moll
Рет қаралды 21 М.