5D, Holograms, & DNA: Amazing Hard Drives of the Future

[@ElectricPyroclast]

Just make a 5D hologram of a DNA strand, and voila!

[@milesmamigonian4831]

This is what I read: "Just make a 5D hologram of a DNA strand, and viola!"

[@lucygaehring7391]

yes.

[@DEKEMAN231]

ElectricPyroclast yeah if i wasnt french i would have been trick too

[@MilitantPeaceist]

"Just make a 5D hologram of a DNA strand, and voila!" What about the spaces in between the molecules & atoms & the space between the edge of the DNA & the frame? That's a lot of space, extra data could have been stored in.

[@ElectricPyroclast]

Not sure why you're being serious on a response to a joke comment...

[@jangambler9998]

A computer with DNA? Just imagine this: When you copy a file actual enzymes would replicate the strand of DNA and reading a file would also be conducted by enzymes moving along the DNA and replicating a RNA strand out of it. It's only a matter of time when computers will also be considered living beings!

[@DarquesteGrimm]

Jan Gambler Yeah, and make replication errors and degrade over time. Sounds reliable.

[@23trekkie]

..and you'll lose all your data if you just sneeze on it.

[@DarquesteGrimm]

Marcin Pasternacki getting a computer virus would completely rewrite what your computers doing too, replicating the virus, then your computers data storage would explode releasing multitudes of these replicated viruses. I can foresee the end of the world occurring.

[@HoD999x]

this would bring a whole new level to computer viruses

[@smitemus]

Me looking at a screen in the 'far' future: ... "Your device has a flu. Give medicine? [ok] [decline]

[@elliwesishawkins4799]

"guys let's store 360 terabytes on a small glass disk....just don't drop it"

[@Tomyb15]

Wait 'til Linus gets his hands on it.

[@jubjub727]

Linus: Guys can we review your new product! Company: Only with 24/7 supervised use

[@Benson_aka_devils_advocate_88]

MattyGbeast ((Laughs!)) I was thinking something very similar 😂

[@SnzyBat]

like you can drop and hdd without repercusions

[@spindash64]

Zedusty But at least you can find the HDD after you drop it

[@beenjamin594]

If data can be stored in DNA..... My children will *be* my mixtapes

[@beenjamin594]

Ever heard of a joke

[@phlimy]

+Crayo Gaming Channel | Did you watch until the end ? They do want to store data in DNA, though not in your own DNA of course. +Beenjamin Try not to make your mixtapes on fire though

[@derptomistic]

"Billy! Play that one Kesha song I like!" "But I don't like Kesha!!!" "Now Billy!" *Opens his mouth and Kesha starts playing* Best parenting ever

[@adrianortega1431]

And that, ladies and gentlemen, is how Star Lord became just as crappy a father as Ego.

[@arth8265]

Data is stored in DNA. Your genetic code.

[@redhandsbluefaces]

I can't wait for the day that we can store bits of information on rows and rows of one-dimensional patterns of subatomic particles. A proton would be 1, and a neutron would be 0, and all the computer would need to do is figure out the charge of the particle. Or perhaps this can be done with atoms or different isotopes of molecules.

[@bbq1423]

Puts 360 TB of important files on a small glass disk. **Drops it.**

[@KimiHayashi]

Junior Ivarsson u smile and say,"bye Felicia"

[@Dennzer1]

like you can drop and hdd without repercussions

[@DannyOvox3]

like you can drop and hdd without repercussions

[@cOmAtOrAn]

Small bits of glass can actually survive a fall pretty well.

[@powerhouse884]

Junior Ivarsson Like that makes a difference if you stored it on an SSD... Also small rounded thick glass are pretty strong.

[@earthbjornnahkaimurrao9542]

hmm, 3 layers x 2 patterns per layer = 5 dimensions, yeah checks out!

[@Tomyb15]

3x2≈5

[@guydude6737]

Could someone with a bit more knowledge reply to this? I was wondering the same thing. I just find it hard to believe that i'd be correct in assuming it's six rather than five seeing as they named it FIVE dimensions. EDIT: Maybe that was a mathematical assumption made in haste by the scishow team because the best i can tell from the source is that dimensions 1-3 are xyz respectively with four and five being the slow axis orientation (4) and strength of retardance (5) controlled by the polarization and strength of the laser respectively. Maybe I'm just a dumb guy.

[@Mavis847]

Yep

[@nathansmith8179]

It just means that data can be retrieved from one of five areas in the disk

[@vampyricon7026]

That isn't even 5-D. That's like 6 layers of 2-D, in other words, 3-D. This is what counts as clickbait in the scientific community.

[@azogtheeternallyunskilled9704]

I find these videos much more fun and even bearable to watch with this guy, he makes it so interesting

[@ChronitonMechanics]

I guess with DNA computer, we would no longer say that the stored data is corrupt, but...mutated ?

[@MCSteve_]

It just have to stay away from "viruses"

[@sfirro]

+MCSteve XD

[@the123king]

Amazing! I have a piece of core memory from the late 60's/early 70's that can hold 1 kilobit. 1000 bits. You can actually see each individual bit!

[@CarthagoMike]

I am still amazed by how we can learn from nature about things we invented ourselves, like with 'DNA-like' storage

[@noisycherubs]

This was my favorite episode thus far. Good job guys the content and quality of your videos has continually gone up since you started :)

[@OmegaMegalodon]

Awesome upload. So sad none of us here today, will be alive by then to witness such powerful transformations in humankind technologies in the "quantum" future.

[@AvailableUsernameTed]

Holographic data storage: Help me Obi-Wan Kenobi, You're my only hope.

[@loserprime4324]

Nah I think I’ll just let some guy in a cape kill me

[@Xenro66]

A problem with that glass storage device is that it's Read Only Memory (ROM). Once something is written on it, it can't be changed... Which makes it completely useless for today's standards. If they develop a technique to be able to rewrite that data 10^N times, only then would it be viable.

[@109Rage]

Xenro66 I think it'd be pretty great for archival purposes, especially with that billion-year lifetime it has.

[@Albinojackrussel]

Xenro66 plus I imagine re-writable disks wouldn't be that far away. look where we're come from vinal to now

[@Dennzer1]

Movie collections, TV Show Collections, Music collection... TOTALLY USELESS YOU GUYS!

[@dannyberne]

It's not called "ROM." What you just described is called "WORM," Write Once Read Many.

[@probablynot8154]

If it's cheap and fast enough you only really need to write and read, need to overwrite something? Rewrite it over there but different! Possibly an absolutely terrible idea buts it's all I got

[@Anonymouzor]

i think DNA will become a more permanent storage (read only) similar to CDs and DVDs less so to a more active hard drive that both reads and writes

[@Albinojackrussel]

Corallia Fluff the issue is that it's really really really hard to keep dna stable. you have to keep it at very low temperatures, and even then it isn't great. the only reason it remains anything close to stable in you is that your cells are basically keeping it on life support at all times

[@davidtal523]

i would love to see a 2019 update to this, And where cpu's/MB tech is going

[@spindash64]

Funny how we think of glass as being the epitome of fragility, when it's apparently the epitome of stability

[@paperboy9310]

1970: I bet in the future we will have fidget spinners and roblox 2017:

[@loserprime4324]

Oof

[@zachbetz6758]

Could you get a restriction enzyme for each section of DNA with a certain thing programmed to it and use that to find what you're looking for within the storage? Just have the enzyme not cut the DNA, just latch onto it and use that as a marker for the computer to look for

[@deathkeepur]

More importantly, why is he wearing a jacket indoors?

[@bethelvingthor4093]

deathkeepur could be cold. Could be anemic. I wear jackets indoors all the time

[@kylielanc9395]

They shoot these in Montana, it's always cold there

[@BeinDraug]

To save on the heating bill?

[@chibi013]

aesthetic

[@SciShow]

We film in a basement in Montana. It's not the warmest place. :)

[@Manoahmanolo]

I actually gave a presentation on DNA as data storage for my masters course xD Quite the coincidence :p By the way, I don't believe you could store all the worlds data in the size of a teaspoon. In 2013, when the total amount of data in the world was about 3 zetabytes, the team that actually encoded data on DNA for the first time said it would be about 1 kilogram. Now, that would probably be about 5x more, as we are now 4 years later. So it would probably be about 5kg ;)

[@weldmaster80]

he he he, teaspoon of DNA.

[@Nmethyltransferase]

I understand why you find that phrase amusing. Because isolated DNA looks like mucus or even semen.

[@xxXthekevXxx]

Nmethyltransferase The joke is that he’s saying DNA = semen, so you’re pretty much right

[@benthomason3307]

One big probelm with the 5D glass is the fact that glass is so infamously brittle.

[@powerhouse884]

So basically KRIPTONIAN Technology? They store their data on Crystals..... Amazing how Comic books can be so accurate years before the tech is even put to the test.

[@novasolarius8763]

PowerhousePR Except nothing here has anything to do with crystal. Glass isn't crystal. Holographic storage doesn't have to (and probably won't) use crystal. And DNA isn't crystal either.

[@sheepketchup9059]

@@novasolarius8763 but you could make glass out of crystal.

[@novasolarius8763]

@@sheepketchup9059 Yes, but it is not.

[@Victoria-dh9vb]

The way he ends his sentences. I can learn and fall asleep to this.

[@feynstein1004]

Why are we hearing about this just now? The research was from 4 years ago.

[@believeme5903]

This is old information, back in 1990 I was already using my ram memory to boot my computer and my ten meg hard drive cost me five hundred dollars. I was informed about crystal storage back then, so they still have a way to go.

[@Skoenner]

judging from what weird shit I alone gatherd on my old hdds which I never bothered to erase I'm quite glad that the data is not going to be around forever....

[@gowanhewlett745]

Excellent presenter.....fast, AUDIBLE and engrossing

[@chibi013]

Stop​ calling me out for my erotic literature, Sci Show. I have a cool guy persona to maintain

[@Victoria-dh9vb]

is it bad that I watch this and the today I found out KZbin show until I fall asleep so often that now I've started to use them to get to sleep. Especially when it's this guy doing the talking. He has such a calming voice....

[@AuntBibby]

Hearing about a computer having DNA reminds me of The Monster Book Of Monsters from Harry Potter...

[@cavv0667]

Great Job Tuna!!! You're on Point!

[@readmore3208]

ahh only 30 years away😔😔

[@gabriel7037]

As if data storage could be used for anything that ISN'T porn. You silly.

[@ghostnoodle9721]

29 now

[@photonictech923]

28 now

[@dat1pengu1n]

make a chain lasting years 27 left

[@lifewithkuri]

This gives a whole new meaning to Ron Weasley's "emotional range of a teaspoon."

[@RadicalMusicStudio]

I got power, poison, pain and joy inside my DNA I got hustle though, ambition, flow, inside my DNA

[@memyselfandi4949]

Radical Music I got loyalty, got royalty inside my DNA. Cocaine quarter piece, got war and peace inside my DNA.

[@blackshard641]

Michael Aranda should be commended on his ability to say the words "teaspoon of DNA" with a straight face.

[@SlyPearTree]

Those newfangled methods will never replace punched cards. /jk I never used punched cards. I started with 4 tracks audio cassettes, now those are here to stay.

[@bigbenhebdomadarius6252]

The abacus--technology that will last!

[@MrMagma-tf1yp]

You kids and your machines. Back in my day we had two sticks and a rock for a whole school, and we had to share the rock!

[@Khristafer]

Thank you for giving me data sizes in number of songs.

[@tuxedoflamingo]

That kinda sounds cool...just thinking about if we were able to turn, say, a clipped fingernail that has DNA [typically no use after it's clipped], into storage for our computer. *clips nail* "alright now i just gotta put this into the DNA Digital Data Exchange Thing-a-majig Thingy..." ...processing... "Alright, now i have an extra 1000TB on my computer"

[@catherinefieldshalva2979]

Sounds good to me, get on it science.

[@Anonymous12465]

Will I then be able to play the music of my heart, literally?

[@ThePsychicProject]

I got royalty got loyalty inside my DNA

[@jameskeeley5250]

Got a shout out to Southampton University while I'm watching this video in Southampton University. Not gonna lie, I'm a little proud

[@kerr.andrew]

I got, I got, I got, I got Loyalty, got royalty inside my DNA Cocaine quarter piece, got war and peace inside my DNA (Kendrick's been watching SciShow)

[@willzjc]

I can't wait to never hear about any of this technology again!

[@isaibaez50]

can you guys do an episode on "the safest food you can eat"? NOT the healthiest, I mean the food; meat, plant, synthetic, that gives the lowest risk of physical (or mental) damage.

[@halinaqi2194]

does it really matter? Walking outside probably puts you in more danger than eating food. Not trying to be aggressive, sorry if it seems that way.

[@HitlerRants]

Just when you mentioned about the name Watson, I couldn't have resisted in thinking about the Watson and Crick's experiment on DNA.

[@JoshuaHillerup]

The description of RAM is a bit wrong. It's not actually on or off, but rather high or low voltage.

[@chadgraham8145]

Which would be close enough to on or off Because that's just what it is the computer only reads certain voltages so 1 volt might not be "off" but the computer would probably read it as "0". They are a show meant for all audiences so take that into consideration. also, I'm not disputing your thoughts I'm just explaining why it's close enough.

[@JoshuaHillerup]

Yeah, I get it, it's just they were trying to be very accurate in how they described everything else.

[@chadgraham8145]

Yeah, i get it.

[@neutronstar6739]

wait, high or low? where did you know this?

[@JoshuaHillerup]

Neutron Star university computer engineering course.

[@VariantAEC]

Alrighty then! I've learned something new. Exactly what I subscribed for.

[@hahahaha-jg2ny]

Why does SciShow use a song as a standard for bits? (for example when he brought up 1.6 billion bits he said about 60 songs)

[@scrapbookstudios9871]

In order to understand a quantity or measurement you're unfamiliar with, you need to compare it to something easy to understand even if it does lack precision.

[@hahahaha-jg2ny]

But why songs? Why not a simpler version of bits?

[@vanyaarikutharam8518]

Most people have downloaded songs before and most likely know that the size of a song is around 3-4 mb (3-4 megabytes/million bits) depending on the song. So comparing bits to the number of songs gives people a way to visualize the quantity.

[@SoulDelSol]

haha haha 1. Set up for joke at end about music in DNA 2. Ppl have always used or developed info storage tech for music so it's easy to compare eg vinyl record, cassette tape, CD, mp3. 3. He compared diff info storage techs to help visualize future possibilities

[@cb-7422]

This is why the possibilities of science scare the holy living shit out of me...

[@noreaction1]

Quantum computing is the way of the future

[@eternal8song]

"that fanfic you're writing about Sherlock and Watson" I'VE BEEN PERSONALLY ATTACKED

[@Benson_aka_devils_advocate_88]

Using DNA to store data gives a whole new meaning to AI

[@spambot7110]

DRAM uses capacitors to store the data. Transistors are of course involved in storing and retrieving values, but they're not responsible for the actual storage. SRAM uses transistors to store data, but it uses a ton more die area per bit and so is way more expensive and is generally used either in extremely small amounts (like microcontrollers that usually just have a few KB), or in applications where its higher performance is critical (like CPU caches)

[@David22092001]

I GOT I GOT I GOT I GOT LOYALTY GOT ROYALTY INSIDE MY DNA

[@mixey01]

In a few decades time 360 TB will sound like the cheap storage used in a floppy disc Got to love tech

[@NoozeCat]

I can't wait for the day when a music album or a video game written into a DNA grows into a self sustaining organism and gains sentience.

[@JesseNeubauer]

you'd have to program it to do that... DNA in living organisms, is by its very nature, programmed to be self-replicating. Complicated stuff. I don't imagine most data would include that type of coding for redundancy.

[@clmoon2151]

DNA storage? hopefully there won't be a pandemic of viral memes

[@Falcondances]

5D Storage? Better watch the fabric of time Wouldn't want any *wrinkles* in it

[@RadimentriX]

that glass/crystal-stuff seems cool for reading but: how do you write on it when it's in your computer? can you delete information on it or can you just fill it up and when it's full you get a new one and copy over the stuff you need while ignoring the positions where data was that you "deleted" before so you have more space again?

[@akhilp3559]

bruh imagine blockchaining but instead of a ledger for 1 thing ... u just have a copy of the entire internet lol

[@Confuseddave]

As a biologist, suggesting DNA as an alternative type of data storage has always struck me as the equivalent of the proverbial "station wagon full of tape drives" as an alternative type of internet - lots of throughput, but the latency is a killer...

[@aviralrastogi]

just beat the notification squad!

[@jeremyjosh5910]

Michael: Glass is very stable material, can withstand high temperatures and pressures Me: Whoohoo! *Throws beer bottle on floor* *Cracks* Me: But.. But you said..

[@conorburke1696]

Cool

[@jordanhoman0212]

5:36 Computers (processors anyway) do read more than 1 bit at a time. A set of 32 bits is "read" by a 32 bit processor at once. The first 6 bits represent an operation (like adding 2 numbers), then there are the two numbers you want to add (each 5 bits), and where to put your answer(also 5 bits). The rest of the bits are used, but that gets really technical. (NOTE: This info is based on a 32bit MIPS processor and is VERY generalized. Also, this information will change based on the processor, how many bits it handles at once, and how it uses each of those bits/wires)

[@jordanhoman0212]

Hard drives specifically​ copy large amounts​ of data over to RAM. RAM copies small amounts of data over to the Cache. So, having a hard drive able to read more than one thing at a time can be used very effectively, and if it fast enough, it might even outclass RAM entirely.

[@patrickbrett66]

Jordan Holleman they don't read & write 16, 32, or 64 bits at a time, they read one bit at a time in chunks of 16, 32 or 64 depending on what the system can handle, unless you are talking about quantum computing or processor arrays of course.

[@andrewlau7521]

before 1000 views squad!

[@spambot7110]

5:47 computers absolutely do not "analyze 1 bit at a time". You generally can't even access a single bit in memory, your minimum is 1 byte, with different instructions performing operations on larger word sizes like 32 or 64 bits (or much higher still with SIMD instructions, which have been around for many years). Not to multi-core processors, which have been common for a while now (including back in 2017).

[@kelvin254kk]

in Future, DNA porn.

[@kateapples1411]

Kinda sounds like holographic storage could replace RAM (As it sounds faster but also more complicated and best used sparingly at first) while crystal/glass storage can replace hard drives. With the DNA storage I can imagine having spots in your palm that aren't seen or at least not noticeable, that can serve as ID and similar usages. (Credit card? Personalized data or favorite data you have on you at all times, like a song you just adore and it can easily be read to play with any device that reads it at a distance or quick scan / pass over of your hand)

[@RBsRealm]

The fifth dimension is time.

[@GammaProtogolin]

adamsrealm I thought it was the fourth dimension.

[@jangambler9998]

No.

[@twentyonescooters6469]

adamsrealm fourth my dude

[@oops8685]

Time is the fourth dimension.

[@Novenae_CCG]

Really, time is but one direction in the fourth spatial dimension. And the fifth dimension is another timeline next to it. A whole plane of infinite timelines, if you will. Like a sheet of paper, made up of infinitesimally small ribbons lined up next to each other.

[@alexlandherr]

What’s the expected read and write speeds for these glass disks?

[@sammangiaracina9360]

bumps

[@helloitsnicko]

This shizzle is so fascinating

[@MusiCaninesTheMusicalDogs]

Using the bible, an archaic retrograde book which mostly interferes negatively in modern society, to expose such technology is such an irony, eh!? 😮

[@Lttlemoi]

To be honest, I was a bit ashamed of them using this book as an example. There's so many more interesting, iconic or important large volumes of data to store instead of a bunch of cherry-picked fairy tales of a group of goat herders that lived several millenia ago in what is now one of the most degenerate places on Earth. The data gathered from the Human Genome Project for example. Or the data stored on the gold plates sent with Voyager outside the solar system.

[@aarondelgado3421]

The Bible was written to be used by humans until the world ends. The Bible isn't outdated as it contains so much information that if every human being read and followed it, the world would be a much better place!

[@chibi013]

Calm down, Edgelord McAtheist. It's a long book you don't have to pay royalties​ for. A good test subject.

[@dannydevito7000]

It may have been sort of a throwback thing to when we invented printers. Correct me if im wrong but wasnt the first book to be printed the bible?

[@Lttlemoi]

There is so much stuff built or created to last until eternity; until they got superseded by more modern developments. If everyone followed the bible, we'd still carry out genocides and collective body mutilation, instead of keeping those things respectively to the Middle East and the US. "favorite verses" wait, that's a thing common enough to care about? Since verification will be done by computers anyway, any piece of data can fill this role, even if you just read 40GB straight from /dev/random The reference to the printing press does sound like a probable explanation. Hadn't thought of that.

[@NIPSZ]

Impressive list of sources!

[@conspartaco]

I'm like 7th or something lol

[@mrmou.4893]

I hope 5D discs bring back the MiniDisc format.

[@danieledwards9152]

I'M GOING TO TRICK YOU.. read more

[@klausschwabshubris]

Hardy har har.....funny stuff and i fell for it.

[@jacobfinch9563]

failure is you

[@thecloud7587]

Daniel Edwards I almost fell if it but realized it wasn't grey

[@TheZenytram]

i'm not use english as a default language, you can't trick me haha.

[@xgozulx]

its actually one bellow what it should to work xD

[@brianthompson1935]

can you guys do a video on optical computing?

[@stewknoles4790]

This sounds awesome!! It would make all of our devices obsolete over night though.

[@L013-r9y]

Did Scishow just call out Sherlock fanfic writers. I'm laughing way to hard at this XD

[@joeybf]

4:22 The Library of Congress' size is estimated at 10 TB, so 36 of them could fit on one disk, not one on 14 disks.

[@PureZOOKS]

I once jokingly said that Micheal Aranda looks like a fake CGI face on an actor's body, and now I cannot unsee it.

[@MikeTheMan01]

Could the start and stop dna codes be used to start the dna reading for files similar to the rna copying method

[@Ta3allamOnline]

Amazing

[@SethBrodzik]

DNA storage? Oh my god, Portal 2 is real!

[@bolivarbenjaminguillenmedi23]

"Master of Looking at The Camera" and not blinking, he should be on a Movie.

[@TheWolfHowling]

These future data storage technologies sound more like a replacement for the tape drives that might be used for the archival storage of corporate records, for example, as it, like magnetic tapes, seems more optimised to be written to but rarely read from rather than the constant reads & writes of everyday computing

[@mkush7866]

Pretty good presentation!

[@mackdmara]

When do we get the spinning rings? Like in the time machine.

[@marcelosinico]

DNA computer storage will give literal meaning to computer's viruses.

[@XZenon]

Woha easy there! We agreed to going one dimension up at a time!

[@Stratos1988]

3:35 could it be *S* outh *H* ampton *I* nstitute of *T* echnology by any chance ?

[@CruxCraft.]

There is no doubt we're in the glass age... Super strong glass, flexible glass, glass fibers used to transfer data fast, radically superior glass storage drives are about to meet consumers (this will greatly solve our current storage problem) Just recently advanced batteries using glass instead of fluid were created that should shape the advancement of devices faster than lithium batteries brought us mobile devices such as laptops and cellphones... We might see more advancement in technology over the next decade than we've seen in the last three decades thanks to glass!!

[@canaryimpulse989]

This is a fantastic video.

[@Djuntas]

5D, Holograms, & DNA: Amazing Hard Drives of the Future - As fast as possible :)

[@MassDynamic]

will the data in the glass disk be re-writable? or is it read only?