I caught an embarrassing typo in the video, but it was too late for me to change it. At 2:05 I spelled Thomas Aquinas' name as 'Thomas Aquinus.' I regret the error. If I catch any other errors, I'll put them here, too. In the meantime, let me know here what other topics you'd like to see covered. I'm making a list and planning for 2025!
@daultonparish35293 ай бұрын
Great video! I also, mostly side with Aristotle here. It would be cool to see more modern iterations of virtue ethics (particularly Anscombe's) and see those works discussed/compared.
@timbushell86403 ай бұрын
12:40... you miss spoke? "That it's the mean and that could imply that it sits exactly in the middle between the two virtues but Aristotle says that ethics is an imprecise area of inquiry."... surely between the two VICES... ?
@michaelrjones372 ай бұрын
Happens ot the best of us, bud. Still a good video.
@gappuma78832 ай бұрын
Another mistake is you say Aristotle was born in 384, but it should be 384 b.c
@ConstantCompanionАй бұрын
You realize of course that none of us even noticed it Until you spent three paragraphs talking about it? Lol!
@augustusmaximus14652 ай бұрын
Thank you for such an interesting channel. Because of you I went back to college and I’m studying philosophy. At age 66!
@jackaubert77502 ай бұрын
66 here as well and also pleased to have found this KZbinr. Thank you!
@donquixote7774Ай бұрын
I’m 55 and thinking about finishing that Masters in Geography I didn’t complete.
@yaneznayoui1597Ай бұрын
@@donquixote7774 You can do it!
@IAmRileyMan3263 ай бұрын
I majored in philosophy and miss it dearly. Before I even knew that you had your PhD in philosophy, your videos and your demeanor really reminded me of the professors and PhD students I knew during my time as an undergrad. This is a great lecture, and I hope you make more videos like this. We need trained philosophers to explain this stuff to people, especially as it trends in popularity. Unfortunately, I think there's a lot of bad information/interpretations swirling around out there about the Nichomachean Ethics and Stoicism in particular. I think too many people view it in our Liberal/Capitalist context as just more individual "self-improvement content" rather than a radical call to re-examine oneself--your goals, your interactions with others, your relationships, how you treat others, what virtues you encourage in others, and how you contribute to mutual the flourishing of all people.
@CMA4183 ай бұрын
I found Plato by pure accident(or divine plan?🤷♂️) in a HS textbook someone abandoned in the lobby of my apartment building. When I first read, “The unexamined life is not worth living.”, it occurred to me how much time and energy I spent examining the lives of others.
@kitkat186Ай бұрын
@@CMA418well said😊
@kChandler10Ай бұрын
Interesting video, Jared. Thank you. The content gave me a lot to consider. My husband and I led a mostly solitary life during our 36 year marriage. He worked from home so there was no opportunity to form office friendships. We associated with relatives and a few college friends at times, but not often since all lived out of state. My husband passed away last year. Sadly, the few friendships I had and even relationships with relatives have become deeply problematic, mostly because they now feel free to tell me what is best for me. Depending on the person the advice is contradictory. I carefully evaluate all my decisions so I consider their opinions unwanted and sometimes insulting. The courage it takes as an elder to create a new life on my own is not recognized by anyone I know. Fortunately, I'm learning to validate my own feelings and decisions and remain strong. Since I am grappling with many life changes, I would be interested in a video which discusses the philosophical approach to loss in a person's life and the introspection which becomes necessary.
@TessaJonker-fj2rn14 күн бұрын
Your circumstances force you to change. Those around you will find that hard to take, just as it is hard for yourself. Set your boundaries clearly. Protect yourself against the vultures. Move farther away if needed. Hard yex. But you ll get there. Good luck.
@spiderman-du7yn3 ай бұрын
I don’t typically comment on videos but wow! the production quality in this is superb! seriously. you’re doing god’s work making philosophical thought as important as Aristotle’s widely accessible to layman and others alike.
@valkyrieocean3 ай бұрын
Totally agree!
@kavanhincheyofficial3 ай бұрын
Absolutely! His production quality is improving rapidly and well.
@simonwheeler89813 ай бұрын
As someone who has mostly tried to live virtuously at the cost of other types of success, I wholeheartedly agree with Aristotle. Without true friendship life is hollow and bleak. Trying to make up for this now but it’s a hard thing to find ‘virtue’ friendships as you get older.
@lukaswarner53722 ай бұрын
Yes, it does sound like a challenge for you. Are you in or near a city? That might open things up for you.
@asmonsilverbronze2 ай бұрын
Came here to get a broad general overview to Aristotles Ethics, left with the strong desire to read every single word of the Nicomachean Ethics and become a better person. Thanks!
@mikefixac2 ай бұрын
In community college, I took Philosophy 101. Learning about the great philosophers throughout history was such a joy. This professor brings me back to my love of philosophy and these great minds have influenced the way we think.
@Sophist983 ай бұрын
I read the Nichomachean Ethics about a year ago for the first time and while i was able to grasp its ideas i didn‘t really see the meaning and beauty behind them. Your video was great and made me really understand why you have Aristotle as your favourite philosopher! I thoroughly enjoyed that lengthy and in depht type of video and i would love more of that kind on different philosophers! Great work!
@mermanarchy3 ай бұрын
Took a class last semester on this, now taking a course on aquinas. Same professor both semesters, Dr. Patricio Fernandez. This guy is an expert on both these men, lives in Austin, and maybe you'd be interested in talking to him! Probably the smartest person I've met.
@Baltazaarr2 ай бұрын
Where can one find him? The name sounds too common
@user-ci8qs2oc1b2 ай бұрын
Google
@randyt7002 ай бұрын
Lol where is the financial advice comment coming in? These bots need their AI tweaked a bit.
@mermanarchy2 ай бұрын
@@randyt700 fun fact: your employer is scamming you by holding your money for up to 3 weeks before paying you. head to your local payday loans and get a big advance!!! also buy my book!!! it teaches you how to write books about making money so that you can make money selling books!
@GordonParnell27 күн бұрын
Every major point you make regarding being happy is also found in buddhist teachings. very practical advice.
@EdwardS-f6bАй бұрын
Hi Jared, your note on the typo is appreciated. With that said, we know that: "Errare humanum est." So, nobody expects flawlessness. And by the way, your delivery of the topics is exemplary. Cheers!
@tdanielskiss2 ай бұрын
I'm glad this showed up in my feed. Good job on the exposition of Aristotle in this video. I truly enjoyed discussing all of these things in the philosophical classes I had in both my undergrad and master's degrees. They truly impacted my life.
@BozkurtAyse9 күн бұрын
Hi.Your voice and the flow of the video and ideas calmed my mind. I really liked your videos in general. You made me want to read more about philosophy. Thank you. 🕯️
@아직도관심안껐냐4 күн бұрын
I feel the same way😊
@teresaamoroso8602 күн бұрын
Me too!
@garyhughes166426 күн бұрын
This was an excellent video on Aristotle. I think you covered his ideas so well and made them understandable to people like myself, who, not having a background in philosophy, can often find the original text difficult. Thx for sharing.
@philtheo3 ай бұрын
Jared's videos on subjects like this are sooo much better than traditional college classes - at least equally if not more knowledgeable and informative, more material covered in a more concise manner, more insightful and thought provokon, and simply far more enjoyable to follow along, all of which are tremendous aids to learning! 😊
@CMA4183 ай бұрын
I can’t say either way as I haven’t taken even one college course on the subject. It seems unlikely all college courses would fit your description though.
@philtheo3 ай бұрын
@CMA418 Thanks, that's true, I don't mean to imply all college classes, but I'm just speaking in general from my own experience.
@kjbkix23 күн бұрын
As someone who is frequently contemplating not only our place in the universe and the practical methods to achieve a fulfilling life, this video spoke to me in a profound way. First, in that it validated and named many of the traits and actions that I practice, in what I already consider to be a very happy and fulfilling life. The virtuous friendships part is intriguing as is the relationship to children, and presents a goal of sorts to ensure friendships are fostered and cherished. I've realized I've watched a few other videos of yours and find us incredibly like minded, albeit with your content already reaching a large audience. I do wonder how this audience has changed your life and sense of happiness, and whether there are any downsides. Regardless, congratulations on the success of your channel and I look forward to hearing more from you in future videos.
@jamesford793727 күн бұрын
Thank you for this video. I don’t have anyone to talk to about this book and your insight is appreciated. I really like the books separation between intellectual and moral virtues and just a little piece of thought that I had was that.” a fool who persists in his folly will become wise..”. For me that is how we develop prudence. Or that is how I have., I’ve had enough things blow up in my face to figure out better ways to do things. I appreciate you
@TheBUGGIEDUDE3 ай бұрын
As someone who has a great interest in philosophy, but has neither time nor energy to read much up on it, thank you so much for these videos!
@SuperYogagirl2 ай бұрын
Thanks!
@pappapiccolino95722 ай бұрын
Great work Jared. I've watched dozens of your vids, and this is probably my favourite. I listened with great interest, and agree with much of what Aristotle has to say. Bravo Jared and Aristotle.
@kristinaarsova594625 күн бұрын
If i had such teacher at school i would have loved Philosophy. Listening to this is amazing, like reeducating myself. Thank you for the great content. I wish to see more like this on KZbin instead of what i actually see..
@nectanboАй бұрын
Thank you so much for your video. I love plato and the Stoics but have yet to read Aristotle in primary texts. The bit on friendship and it's importance is truly beautiful and holds true for me. I will prioritise reading nichomachean ethics
@Konstantinos1433 ай бұрын
You are better than my greek teachers 18 years ago - keep going at it. I take notes and keep reading from your videos regularly
@TheFraze1012 ай бұрын
In your section talking about where courage as a virtue is placed, when it comes to being in between Recklessness and Cowardice, I was surprised I didn't hear one definition of courage being: "taking action in spite of fear" It's a phrase I've heard either in a movie or in a book during my life, and I felt like it fit your idea of courage not being strictly in the middle of both recklessness and cowardice. (Which I thought was a very wise approach to the subject) Im deathly afraid of lightning after an incident during my childhood getting stuck under electric Poles & wires in a car during a severe storm. However, when I was tasked with supervising kids at a camp during an electric storm, I knew I had a job to do to keep kids safe, and I couldn't just buckle under my fear. I was always proud of my little moment there. It was a very cathartic moment where I felt "bigger" than my fear so to speak. All of this to say, that I really appreciated how you broke down virtue being a bridge between two polar opposites. I've never quite grasped that concept, but hearing it talked about in the way you did, it showed a very intuitive way of thinking about it. Thank you for your work!
@kChandler10Ай бұрын
Your comment spoke to me since I am currently taking action in my life in spite of fear. That is courage and yes, we have to validate it for ourselves since few people can relate to how difficult it can be to access courage under overwhelming pressure and fear. Congratulations on quickly overcoming your fear when greatly challenged.
@dimitriskalochristianakis8338Ай бұрын
Exceptional work , really well done .Sharing examples from today’s life really amplifies the experience !
@nihilistictanuki694725 күн бұрын
I think it is a bias of Anglo-American thinkers to translate "eudaimonia" as "happiness". In German we tend to call it more of something like a "flourishing life". Nietzsche immediately comes to my mind, who describes this Anglo-American habitus perfectly: "Man does not strive for happiness; only the Englishman does that."
@Madisong7896Ай бұрын
I just found you today and am watching so many of your videos - very thought provoking and inspirational. Thank you!
@CinkSVideo3 ай бұрын
This is a nice summary. I like your take on living a good life and how we should make this more available to more people. Calling him elitist missed the point. Everyone should be able to work and support themselves in a way that provides enough leisure time for contemplation if they want it. The idea that only some people are deserving of this good life is actual elitism.
@pseudopseudo36793 ай бұрын
Thanks!
@asimplenameichose1513 ай бұрын
Well done. Thank you for putting this together. (And thanks to the sponsor for allowing the video content to come first - I watched their spot.)
@vishnujoshi58253 ай бұрын
This is really a great lecture. I'm sure this will help me and many others to make their lives better. And also read this book also coz surely I'm gonna read it
@pb2519325 күн бұрын
I love you. I watched the sponsor to make sure you can keep doing this. Show them my comment
@dgrenke46453 ай бұрын
This video deserves way more attention. Great video!
@collidingforces95893 ай бұрын
I am fascinated by what Virtue is. As a Catholic man virtue plays a critical achievement for those who long to live a life in accordance with the Spirit of God, however, in Christianity, Virtue is usually achieved by the grace given by God to the humble man. Virtue becomes the merit of the spirit. Anyway... I find your content exquisite. It's nice watching something I can use and flavor in the midst of noise and chaos.
@nectanboАй бұрын
A beautiful comment. As an Orthodox Christian I am also seeking to balance faith and philosophy
@manuelrodriguez52932 ай бұрын
Thanks for the video! It was very clear and helpful to better understanding Aristotle
@adambarr12322 ай бұрын
I've followed this channel for a while now. I would love to see more content similar to this.
@hayao5387Ай бұрын
Just watch your video for the first yime, that’s insane! Thank you sooo much that was helpful
@IHasPinecone3 ай бұрын
what a great video. This video makes a break companion to overview topics before/after reading them.
@josephbowditch91602 ай бұрын
Subscribed! What an excellent video! Thank you
@mr_mr3 ай бұрын
Fantastic. This type of overview is really wonderful. It gives me a beginning understanding of an area that I can take as is or pursue deeper. Thank you
@cherry1leii2 ай бұрын
20:00 so true. I had a friend of virtue (at least for me thats what she was) for 11 years since we were really young. Its so sad that we outgrew eachother and I never really had friends mostly good acquaintances or her. Since my subconscious was programmes this way from an early age (1 years old, i believe), this is what friendship means to me, thus I have no friends. It is veryy VERY hard to find friends who see through you. Most people grew up with the pleasure type of friend because they are used to it now it doesn't really affect them knowing how it was to have a real virtuous friend. I'm glad for this friendship but it kind of altered my life. Unlearning this is very hard, I don't think it will even be even possible.
@kChandler10Ай бұрын
I can relate to your comment. Thank you.
@rickmcentee92042 ай бұрын
Awesome foundational video, Jared! 🏆💛👍
@littlehummer3 ай бұрын
Thank you, Jared. Your substack on this caught my eye, and got bookmarked. .....this video moved it up on my list of 'to do's.
@fndmaioli3 ай бұрын
Such a good video Jared, I've been following your newsletter, though I still can't subscribe, the free posts have been very enlightening already, thank you for your work!!
@aidanpeterson91593 ай бұрын
Awesome video, so glad you're able to work full time on these
@Carpo_282523 күн бұрын
Great video! Thought provoking and vey interesting
@MrYevelnadАй бұрын
Philosophy is currently my interest. Thanks for guiding me what is the way of life. Though I still don't like making friends.
@Beeoriginal332 ай бұрын
6:08 , i think that can be the definition of FREEDOM, too. So, i guess u can say , "rational activity of the soul in accord with virtue, makes u free, makes u happy".
@katrieladolphus9203 ай бұрын
Please make more videos like this. ❤👏🙏
@kialim3 ай бұрын
The friendship and partnership between Warren Buffett and Charlie Munger is the perfect example of a Friendship of Virtue.
@crazyprayingmantis55962 ай бұрын
🤮
@aftarsun3 ай бұрын
Loved this summary! Appreciate you distilling the main themes.
@yaksauce2 ай бұрын
I agree, it does take a bit of recklessness to be courageous. But more than that, the Cardinal Virtue is wisdom. And wisdom allows discernment between the subtlest of distinctions.
@jtgmr13 ай бұрын
Really love the video. I like how you broke it down thematically instead of book by book
@erichumbert8102 ай бұрын
Informative and enjoyable. Nice presentation. Well done!
@bryanutility96093 ай бұрын
Very well put. Concise & to the point 🙏
@novalis7912 ай бұрын
Nice and concise for such a good topic
@mr_mr3 ай бұрын
I very much appreciate the perspective that a virtuous contemporary life is possible. Although more challenging often it is possibly the beacon that shows us where we have allowed modern pressures and conveniences to consume our time and make this appear difficult. Essentially, declare what is ideal and review why that is hard to achieve. Not what is blocking it, but why
@jairodominguez043 ай бұрын
Very good, thanks! I read the book three years ago around this time, and I was thinking of revisiting it as I watched your video.
@KRinT042 ай бұрын
Thank you, Jared.
@DreamTarot882 ай бұрын
Thank you excellent video 🤗🤗🤗
@Enhancedlies3 ай бұрын
you always inspire me and give me the energy to read, thank you!
@wilmeech3 ай бұрын
Excellent video, I'd love to see more in this style if you enjoyed making it
@_jared3 ай бұрын
I love these sorts of video. I hope to make many more.
@SoulsJourney3 ай бұрын
Thank you for this video, great stuff. I only wish more people were interested in this topic. And just to let you know, I watched to the very end. I'll check out 80,000 Hours.
@nistalgiarpg3 ай бұрын
Thank you for this wonderful explanation. 🙂 Now rereading the Nichomachean Ethics will be much more enjoyable.
@leiasmith33053 ай бұрын
This is so fabulous! Thank you.
@leiasmith33053 ай бұрын
Now a paid subscriber on Substack - this and your recent video on the Stoics convinced me!
@Us.Humans-l9n4 күн бұрын
Perfect and I lso suggest reading the works of Roochnik😊
@poonyaTara26 күн бұрын
I remember in 2004 I had gotten in on the ground floor of a publishing department. The CEO of the publisher I worked for asked ME to rename Nichomachean Ethics to Aristotle Ethics because it was better for marketing purposes 😮 To be fair we were building our own library of titles at the time. Nevertheless, I had to politely explain that I had no control over the fact that the editor rather than the author was credited with a published work in Greece in the 4th century bce. I don't think less of him for not happening to have taken an interest in the publishing practices of another nation millenia ago, but it's disturbing when one's employer demonstrates a lack of understanding of what having been employed by him has given one authority over. Fortunately he was both understanding and somewhat tolerant of my then still underdeveloped skill at tact in explaining why I couldn't do what he'd asked.
@anthenehBerhanie2 ай бұрын
Thank you so much❤
@tharunganga-g6tАй бұрын
Really a nice video
@Brody-zo1cf2 ай бұрын
Great video, request more on other philosophy books.
@Sp00nz4hire3 ай бұрын
Can you do a video on the Chomsky-Foucault debate? Summarize their positions and give your opinions on their positions.
@_jared3 ай бұрын
That's a really nice idea. I had never thought of that, but I'll put it in the brainstorming box.
@surajdhillon76952 ай бұрын
Thank you for providing this information! -☀FUTURE IS BRIGHT!
@javieracastillo8089Ай бұрын
Great video
@fng.antheus3 ай бұрын
Incredible video. More of these deeper dives into specific theories/fields would be awesome. Can you also link the music? I’m curious what you’re using in the background
@_jared3 ай бұрын
I’d have to talk to my editor about it. I’ll see what I can do.
@octavibg3 ай бұрын
Nice video Jared!❤
@milire2668Күн бұрын
im dumb af but this vid appears to b brilliant. love it. thx brother
@Keior553 ай бұрын
I'm already enjoying this, just like with your other video about Stoicism. Would love to see more videos like this like on Wittgenstein
@poonyaTara26 күн бұрын
I remember in 2004 I had gotten in on the ground floor of a publishing department. The CEO of the publisher I worked for asked ME to rename Nichomachean Ethics to Aristotle Ethics because it was better marketing 😮 To be fair we were building our own library of titles at the time. Nevertheless, I had to politely explain that I had no control over the fact that the editor rather than the author was credited with a published work in Greece in the 4th century. I don't think less of him for not happening to have taken an interest in the publishing practices of another nation millenia ago, but it's disturbing when one's employer demonstrates a lack of understanding of what having been employed by him has given one authority over. Fortunately he was both understanding and somewhat tolerant of my then still underdeveloped skill at tact.
@MerveKorlu-u1o2 ай бұрын
Thank you!
@enki3133 ай бұрын
I wonder, though, if you're not a philosopher or a scientist how do you engage in the "contemplative life"? I'm guessing trying to learn as much as you can, reading philosophy and other things that are educational and engaging in discussions in the matter? Even if you don't come up with big ideas like the dedicated philosophers? Does creating art count as that? Does it depend on the purpose and meaning of your work? I just got my copy of the nichomachean ethics and I'm looking forward to learning about this a bit more in depth but I don't know if it's going to answer these questions
@obidikielekworommadiann862025 күн бұрын
Jared Henderson,am very impressed by the quality of this video.May be your Leaving College teaching and working in Technology Company;and Now an Independent Practising Philosopher is the Gain of your wider Audience:for otherwise we would Never have heard of you if you were still Stuck in that your little College Professor job! But Jared Henderson I have to say this to you:Let all your KZbin videos be based on Top-notch Philosophical Research because you are Broadcasting to a more Matured and well read than College Students. Secondly,make sure while you are carrying out your Research that you Write A Top Rated Philosophical Text Publishable by Springer;for it's the Published Works you leave behind that will establish your Legacy and not KZbin videos:As I write this I have gotten up to Retrieve from my Book Shelves Immanuel Kant's 'CRITIQUE OF PURE REASON' The EVERYMAN EDITION;To know that The Critique was first Published in 1781makes my Point. The Philosopher I will like you to handle is Ludwig Wittgenstein.Thanks.
@Spencergundersenmusic3 ай бұрын
So good! Thank you for this.
@elijahdavis18273 ай бұрын
Beautiful video please keep it up ❤
@TallerdeVitrales2 ай бұрын
Excellent channel and professor. Is it possible to add subtitles in other languages? Mine is Spanish. Thank you very much.
@BuddhistTushar3 ай бұрын
Great video
@lynndavid10662 ай бұрын
To GOD be the GLORY ❤️ Proverbs
@ElliotWatts2 ай бұрын
This is the style look, fam
@SuperEuclidean3 ай бұрын
@15:00 you should do a 9 part video series describing the vicious and anti-vicious (i know you said the word but i can't remmember) of each of these 9 virtues. i am particularly confused on magnanimity, prudence, and wisdom.
@FeralPhilosophy_mw3 ай бұрын
Great video thank you. Putting one together on Aristotle and weight training so it’s helpful to me. Random one - how do you get such beautiful audio?!??
@_jared3 ай бұрын
That mic is pretty affordable, even with a windscreen. Then I mix it all in Adobe Audition. You need to get a feel for your voice and your mic.
@FeralPhilosophy_mw3 ай бұрын
@ thanks man. Good of you to respond
@Pertinaziuos3 ай бұрын
oh uau that descreption of what a good human life was, was a very close summery of my life at the moment lol
@user-kv8nx9oj5v3 ай бұрын
Great video! I wonder if it could help to put somewhere in the thumbnail (or title) a clue about what the video is about for those who are new to philosophy (like “what is a good life?” or something along those lines). I clicked on this video in support of you, if that makes sense, after enjoying your recent videos and subscribing. But I am unfamiliar enough with the title “Nichomachean Ethics” to see that and get a sense of why I might want to watch the video. Anyway, I’m mostly just commenting to give you some early engagement on the video so feel free to discard the suggestion! Keep up the good work!
@_jared3 ай бұрын
I'll consider this - I think the title isn't helping people know that they could click and still get something out of it, certainly!
@tdanielskiss2 ай бұрын
Do you think you could do a video on contrasting the Christian virtue ethic vs the ethic of modernity?
@Philosophydecade22853 ай бұрын
Excellent video, you should do this more for the stoics
@_jared3 ай бұрын
I did one on the Stoics a few months ago! I’ll probably do more on some more recent philosophers, by which I mean later than Ancient Greece or Rome.
@Philosophydecade22853 ай бұрын
@@_jared Video idea: 3 diciplines of epictetus, as explained by Pierre Haddot in his works 'The Inner Citadel'. I think his 3 diciplines, as expressed in Marcus's Meditations, can be talked about so much! so practical and effective for a traquil philisophical life.
@ahmedmsalah93122 ай бұрын
God bless you
@JoseFlow943 ай бұрын
Love this ideas, Go in depth into stoicism! Would be appreciated
@_jared3 ай бұрын
I already made that video! Search for 'Stoicism: An In-Depth Explanation.'
@JoseFlow943 ай бұрын
@ seen it already, sorry for typing to fast 😂 I mean like more into stoicism, and theese ancient philosophers 🤙🏼🤙🏼🤙🏼
@cjrogers961Ай бұрын
I would add that his definition of happiness is “rational activity of then soul in accord with virtue over a complete life” I think over a complete life it’s important for him. If you disagree let me know! Would love your perspective.
@joobsterdoobster26 күн бұрын
Just a heads up, but your audio mix in this video was much lower than in previous videos. Not a huge issue, but thought it would be worth pointing out!
@SuperEuclidean3 ай бұрын
ya know what... this is the first video whose advertisement i've seen that actually made me want to click.
@mrcool9823 ай бұрын
That 80,000 Hours group sounds great for people!
@_jared3 ай бұрын
They were a sponsor I was very happy to work with.