A Brief History Of (Keeping) Time

[@besmart]

A new video? It's about time! No, really. It's about time. Hope you enjoyed the history of how we keep time! Leave a comment and let us know what you think ⏰

[@brookiecookie472]

It's Okay To Be Smart I get it

[@pvpingwithasif6471]

It's Okay To Be Smart cringe

[@mr.dr.genius2169]

Well,it realy was about time for a video about time.

[@rishi2837]

It's Okay To Be Smart its damn good thanks for clearing my doubts

[@andreidelacruz3381]

It's Okay To Be Smart finally a new video...please upload more...

Finger joints and minute is the same word in Hungarian

[@federicon.5085]

really? what´s the hungarian word?

Federico N. Perc

[@federicon.5085]

Thanks!

[@durdleduc8520]

Ooooooo~

Anja Aleskari hahah yes

[@asapicton7038]

2:06. Splitting the circle into 360 degrees wasn’t “very random.” They did so because of how easily it divides into half’s, thirds, fourths, fifths, sixths, eighths, ninths and tenths without breaking into any long complicated decimal fractions

[@FebruaryHas30Days]

If it was divided into 2520 then it could be easily divided into all of those, including SEVENTHS.

[@109Rage]

>very random 360 "degrees" It's not random at all. It's 60 × 6, *and* a Highly Composite Number (meaning it has more divisors than any number smaller than it) Why 60? Because it's *also* a Highly Composite Number. The same goes for 12 and 24. We're not using these numbers for no good reason; it's because they're easy to break up.

[@nettlesoup]

109Rage Thank you. I am often surprised how few people make this connection. There are 12 divisors of 60 but only 9 divisors of 100; similarly, there are 24 divisors of 360 but only 16 divisors of 1000. Pretty clear how advantageous these numbers are in subdivision of time, work, angles, etc.

[@TazPessle]

its a damn shame we have 10 fingers really. If we had twelve and decimal counting never arose we'd all have easier maths and all these silly twevles would be written '10' and sixty as '50'.

[@besmart]

Great point that they're conveniently composite numbers. But that does not imply that 12, 24, 60, etc. were chosen *because* they were easy to use. It could just be a coincidence, or the accidental result of the Greeks mashing several cultures together. Just because something is useful or convenient in the end doesn't mean that there was forethought or logic behind its selection. For instance, the Egyptians' selection of 12 night hours and 12 day hours seems to be as much about superstition and mythology as it was about mathematical convenience. That being said, if you know of a source that shows there was more to it, I'd love to see!

[@TazPessle]

It's Okay To Be Smart lack of forethought granted. But the *practicality* is less likely to be random. It's hardly random that people developed decimal systems for counting (fingers) and hardly random that they picked dodecimal for reckoning.

[@nettlesoup]

It's Okay To Be Smart Why does there have to be a source? To anyone in ancient history who had even a basic knowledge of numbers and the practicalities of clean subdivision, these clearly have advantages. If it were truly random then surely some civilisations would have chosen to subdivide the day by 7 hours (prime), or by 21 (easily dividable by both 3 *and* 7). Maybe they tried, but there's a reason that didn't catch on.

[@15october91]

360 is not random it is a number with a high factors to value ratio.

[@CheCheDaWaff]

It is also how many days it was believed a year had.

[@gabemerritt3139]

12 and 60 also have many factors, it definitely wasn't random

[@extropian314]

Modus Ponens Heh no.

[@WratchetKlank]

Numbers like 12, 24, 60, and 360 are not "random" or "why not" numbers. They are all Highly Composite Numbers, having properties that make them perfect for the sort of tasks they were chosen for. This wasn't "just how it happened", it was very intentional and makes a serene sort of sense. Often referred to as "highly divisible numbers" or "antiprimes", there are some great videos out there that shed light on this subject. I don't know about you, but I'm glad numbers like 12, 24, 60, and 360 were selected over numbers like 5040.

[@cup_check_official]

Why It Is What Time It Is Because It Is Time

[@ProducerGio]

why is time being timed by timers because it is what time it is being timed

[@ethanchou4906]

I'm using my time to time time and timing time.

[@OverskilLFull]

u just watched dhmis ; time

[@czyruszamora5309]

Time and space are bestfriends

[@omer-mk4rs]

The vsauce reference..😂😂😂

[@ricardoalves9605]

9m34 fa4991 It was more a pun to the watch, "thanks for WATCHing", but maybe its both

[@DifferentReader]

Ricardo alves - it's definately a reference. At the end of every video vsauce says "And as always, thanks for watching."

[@shubhamshinde3593]

Even the title is confusing

[@whaynegonzaless]

BonfireJoe hahahahaha

[@shreyb1409]

Can watch these videos all days longg...they are so interesting yet full of knowledge.

[@pbsvoices]

How timely!

[@mirovida66]

I was told that ancient civilisations used base 12 number system because it was easier to divide 12 into 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 , 1/6 and with base 60 (or 360) you also have 1/5, 1/9, 1/10. It made trade and commerce much easier to calculate. Easier to divide items by weight like weight as an example. The 365 days in a year (close to 360) may have also influenced using the number system by being able to divide the year into seasons to for planting etc.

[@MusiCaninesTheMusicalDogs]

Perhaps you could make a video explaining why time, in physics, is considered a real thing, and not only something we created to measure the accumulation of changes in the three-dimensional space. 👍

[@AlejandroFernandez-mq3jl]

L Galicki Band because those changes have to happen in another dimension which is time, and not only the perception we get from it. Also general relativity works based on this Minkowsky's model of dimensions.

[@the1exnay]

Gravity only makes sense as distortions in 4D spacetime, distortions in 3D space would behave very differently. Also it operates identical to the other dimensions except that you are stuck going 1 direction through it, which prevents rotating objects through 4 dimensional spacetime like you can through 3D space. And when you go to the smallest scales and smallest times, smaller than the planck length or time then you find that movement through space is as inevitable and constant (every elementary particle moving at C, no faster and no slower) as movement through time.

[@calebr7199]

We know this because time doesn't run the same speed everywhere. Depending on how many Gs you are experiencing and how fast you are going time can actually slow down relative to other places. This is called time dilation and for example astronauts on the ISS age slightly slower than we do here on earth. I even found a letter by a NASA astronaut explaining why that is in case you're interested spaceflight.nasa.gov/station/crew/exp7/luletters/lu_letter13.html

[@MusiCaninesTheMusicalDogs]

Orange Boy Well, one could argue the speed of change in matter and energy slows down when they're under the influence of a strong gravity well, eh!?

[@seancarroll9849]

That's only if you use inertial frames of reference. It get murky the second you explore anything in space-time; to an outside observer, you going close to the speed of light will have effectively been a month's worth of travel from their perspective. When it was only perhaps maybe a day or two from your perspective...You effectively accomplished time travel, just in a very cheeky way. This is why I love theoretical physics; weird stuff can, and does, happen.

[@CobaltBob]

*Time is a fidget spinner that never stops.*

[@swagminer4205]

stop

[@crob3545]

SwagMiner420. change ur name

[@AlexaAXAG]

I cannot disagree with this.

[@swagminer4205]

NEVER!!! Minecraft and weed 4 lyfe!!

[@joshua6e925]

deep af 😅

[@jaggonjaggon7695]

360 degrees and 60 minutes, 24 hours etc. make a lot of sense. They are highly devisble. 12 can be devided by 2,3,4 and 6, 24 by 2,3,4,6 and 8 etc. Our modern way makes no sense. Yeah we have 10 fingers(but 12 joints on each hand so whatever), but you can only devide it by 5 and 2. devisibility helps a lot in every day math

[@fartzinwind]

I love old large mechanical clocks. One in Seattle WA has a little note in its history about how the weight had to be adjusted when it was moved, because it was sensitive enough to pick up on the difference in gravity between the two locations due to elevation change.

[@JimRiven]

TL:DR verion... Because Britain bloody well said so.

[@tomasmorales814]

Jim Riven not even close buddy

[@DeborahFishburn]

And they had the good maps...

[@Draktand01]

+DeborahFishburn Details... Just details

[@Hayds126]

Tomas Morales eh close enough

[@impalabeeper]

Britain was the leading industrial and scientific power so why not.

[@szopaw]

360 isn't random, it's the number in it's range with the most whole divisors. As far as dividing something goes, 360 is a very smart choice.

[@InvokingPeace]

"as always, thanks for watching" ... wait a second... you're watching V-Sauce?!?!

[@dragoncurveenthusiast]

The "thanks for watching" is ok, but the "As always" is just not true for THIS channel.

[@leFoodeater]

who doesn't?

[@vacatiolibertas]

But are you really watching Vsauce?(music starts)

[@TheDuffman1812]

because other people can't use a phrase. smdh

[@chedderburg]

Base 60 can be split into groups of 30, 20, 15, 12, 10, 6, 5, 4, 3 and 2. Compared that to 100, which only has 50, 25, 10, 5, 4 and 2. So, 60 is better for breaking things into groups. Also 12 has 6, 4, 3, and 2 and is why a dozen is special. Also twelve is the last one word counting name before we get to the teens. Math is fun

[@RodLandaeta]

"Thanks for watch-ing" I started laughing like a maniac, then you point out the obvious pun and I lost it. Great video.

[@SharmishthaBasu]

I agree with your views. I truly often wonder if time is actually as vital as we think it is or just a method we created to discipline ourselves.

[@inffected0235]

Sorry I'm late my dudes... I actually took the time to watch the video before commenting.

[@eleSDSU]

Just the sigh when you mentioned timezones is worth a like. As a programmer I loath timezones.

[@Ali107]

Anyone else had noticed that outro is from VSauce?

[@PrnvP23]

I didn't quite catch it, what are you referring to?

[@Ali107]

"and as always, Thanks for watching...." outro is from the channel VSauce

[@mrzeppelini8085]

The choice of 360, 60, 24, 12 etc and placing them on a circle wasn't 'random', it was done from a mathematical standpoint, because 360, 60, 24 and 12 all have a lot of denominators. You can devide 360 by 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ... there's a video on it on the numberphile channel, but I can't seem to find it right now

[@mattiles5811]

Mike Hunt it’s mathematically random is the point... no reason to choose 360 over 174... from a practical point I agree 360 is better but from a pure mathematical pov (as in pure mathematics) it is random. That’s why people got sick of degrees and invented radians etc

[@Marielmak]

Everyone steal from the babylonians !!! Lol

[@vvvvveroeverythingtodo]

Cultural apropiation LOL

[@ilirberisha1745]

They steal from Sumerians😉😉

[@NewspeakMedia]

What are you a, racist babyloniphobe?

[@muhammadelsayed6501]

its a myth.. no one stole from Babylonians :)

[@mistertea5515]

They coined the term adopting which really means taking what's not theirs.

[@ganaraminukshuk0]

Regarding the 24-60-60 division for hours, minutes, and seconds, I once came up with 24-64-64, which in base 8 is 30-100-100 or 18-40-40 in base 16; great for worldbuilding with a power of 2 as a base. Side note: 24-60-60 in base 12 is 20-50-50; I've seen 24-72-72 (20-60-60 in base 12) be proposed, but I've personally grown fond with powers of 2 because computers.

[@theeternal6890]

Is it possible to create system purely based on metric system like 10-100-100 or even better which is not difficult to convert from-to current 24-60-60

[@FebruaryHas30Days]

I suggest dividing the day into 16 hours, each hour into 64 minutes, each minute into 64 seconds, and each second into 4 ticks.

[@freesamples5932]

I love the Monty Python themed animated hands 👌👏

[@farhanmahalludin]

Man thought I was the only one got the MP feel to it

[@scottiestorch852]

All of my questions in life are answered by this channel

[@lukashellstrom3336]

You know what time it is... IT’S HIGH NOON!!!

[@voqxnn]

Lukas Hellström RAWWWWW

[@sergioforbes2567]

That first part is flipping TRIPPY!!!!

[@TheScienceBiome]

What exactly is *time* ? What is anything without time? How did it come to be? *vsauce music plays*

[@danielchoi4490]

Actually 24-60-60 is based off of highly composite numbers. Now the selection of them is pretty random, but highly composite numbers were useful because they have many factors.

[@PersianMapper]

Last time i was this early, the french wanted a decimal day to be universal

[@besmart]

WELL PLAYED

[@PersianMapper]

-WOW IT'S OKAY TO BE SMART ACTUALLY REPLIED TO ME!!!!- thanks ;)

[@Josh-ir1us]

This just answered every burning question I've had about time. Thank you

[@JustinTheClaw]

I always assumed the usage of 12 and 60 were due to the number of ways they can be divided. Though we rarely use most of them, we could break an hour down into even halves, thirds, quarters, sixths, tenths, twelfths, fifteenths, twentieths, and thirtieths; and into even more divisions with simple half- or quarter-minutes. It's the same reason the US still uses feet and yards in most construction projects. An inch is divided into sixteenths, a foot is divided into 12 inches, a yard is 3 feet, and you have many, many, MANY ways to evenly divide a yard into numerous units. How do you accurately measure a third of a meter?

[@azzuron7694]

33,333cm but you propably dont have such an accurate thing to measure that anyway. so just use electronics with 1/3 m

[@mahmoudsharabati6525]

this explains much

[@RamzaBeoulves]

The same way you measure 7 inches. With tools.

[@sion8]

That's a plus for dozenal numbers, but construction requires accuracy! No matter what you're goingto need some sort of ruler to measure if some did the work rightand not by eye. A third of a meter accurately will be 0.3333³³³³(…) m but in reality 33.33 cm will do.

[@ricardoalves9605]

Justin Just say 1/3 of a meter, its still easy to multiply by 10, way harder on imperial How many feets in 1264 inches? Who Cares How many metters in 1264cm? 12.64

[@ultort]

12 and 60 (and 360) were chosen probably because they can be divided in many whole numbers, making thing easier when all you know are whole numbers.

[@lannu]

He remind me of the main male characters in the Disney movie the lost empire of Atlantis who agree

[@BunniBuu]

"The 24/60/60 system doesn't make sense" These numbers are not random. Highly composite numbers make a lot of sense, actually. It would be easier if we worked with these sort of numbers more often.

[@blue5887]

*ain't nobody got time for this!!!!!*

[@jacyelliot2231]

I love watching these videos so much! Even though I’m a noob when it comes to science things, this is still very interesting to watch and you learn so much from it. Probs to you!❤️

[@savedasloths]

Don't drag the duodecimal system, Numberphile will come for you

[@JeremyWS]

I love this subject. How time is tracked is one of my favorite mundane subjects to talk about. Great video. Keep up the good work.

[@sciblastofficial9833]

And as always, thanks for watching WAIT WHY COLLAB? “Watching” OH I GET IT IT WAS A PUN, BUT WHERE IS STA- “Stay curious” FUUUUU

[@pedroortiz5905]

Finally. Someone is answering the important questions!

[@rodburden2725]

You missed the contribution of a Canadian, Sir Sanford Fleming, who gave us the 24 Time Zones of the world that we use today!

[@Kat-PM]

Rod Burden He briefly mentioned the time zones but didn't want to go into that in this video.

[@macbuff81]

Cool segment. Disconnecting time and therefore us from nature in favor of machines also had negative side effects such as lack of sleep and consequent stress. Entropy is a key aspect too...and knowing that time and space are connected. Also, time is relative as Einstein taught us. This was beautifully illustrated in the movie Interstellar. Brian Cox also had a beautiful and intensive documentary on this too

[@Deanorama]

This was the hardest time I've ever had trying to read a title..

[@PuffyRainbowCloud]

Well, 12, 60, and 360 are all numbers which can be divided by many numbers. That's probably a good reason to use such a system for something which will be divided often.

[@artfx9]

STOP! Hammer time

[@potawatomi100]

Very interesting and I appreciate the light humor.

[@francoistrempe]

Question : why do most roman numeral clocks have IIII as 4 instead of IV?

[@BioniclesaurKing4t2]

I've never seen a single clock with IIII.

[@Timelog88]

Google search it. They really exist. Though not sure if most of them have it.

[@fgvcosmic6752]

Cause the makers dont know how to use roman numerals

[@DuchAmagi]

Mainly symmetrical (aesthetical) reasons, when you use IIII instead of IV you will receive 4 numbers made just of "I" (I, II, III, IIII), 4 numbers made of "I" and "V" (V, VI, VII, VIII) and 4 numbers made of "I" and "X" (IX, X, XI, XII).

[@viquezug3936]

I believe it is to avoid possible confusion between IV and VI, although DuchAmagi's idea makes sense.

[@tykeemgadsden445]

a person can describe...more personal experiences that they understand how the whole way can go through so much attention to how they see it move forward

[@maxwyght1840]

Regarding the subdivision of the circle: The Sumerians were the first ones to divide the circle into 360 degrees around 2400BC. Later, we got the 60 minute hours and 60 second minutes from the Babylonians, who for some reason used a base 60 numerical system(compared with our current base 10).

[@Dumdaar_motivation]

that last part, got me of guard. amazing video once again

[@PersianMapper]

i guess it's "Time" to watch it in 2.0x speed to be the first one to finish it!

[@PersianMapper]

(that pun was horrible wasn't it?)

[@bagandtag4391]

GODSTINY

[@slavaua6786]

This was great! I appreciate the destination between nature and machine.

[@GojaGossip]

The only time I know is Sunday because Dragon Ball Super airs on Sunday!

[@steveletterman7121]

SinsiliuxS hahaha it is kinda true our lord and savior mr satan turned super saiyan but not blue i'll not spoil the rest for you discover it yourself

[@steveletterman7121]

SinsiliuxS yes and he's still just a human, you know how dragon ball likes to throw some 'jokes' here and there

[@GojaGossip]

SinsiliuxS I am super duper saiyan insayan god what are you talking about?

[@Tubeytime]

I hate what they're doing, they're diminishing the value that super saiyan used to hold by undermining it with ever-increasing levels of absurdity. Take anything too far and you'll ruin it, that's just the way it is.

[@Tubeytime]

Exactly. It wasn't just super saiyan, it was LEGENDARY super saiyan. Now it's basically a joke compared to these new power levels.

[@jj_the_ent]

The beginning is hysterical

[@CharlesTheClumsy]

I get so angry when people say time doesn't exist.

[@kidofdarkness4581]

I have to tell you something

[@souravmazumdar8271]

I just love it when he says ‘say curious’ !

[@ameerhamza4816]

He said "stay curious" not "say curious"

[@PersianMapper]

"You're a time lord harry"

[@BioniclesaurKing4t2]

Said Captain Kirk.

[@PersianMapper]

wat? i don't get the reference

[@BioniclesaurKing4t2]

There's a meme category based on "'Use the Force, Harry,' said Gandalf" that goes out of its way to mix as many sci-fi and fantasy references into one as it can.

[@anareyes4365]

This should be on trending

[@matthewmckenna248]

Do a video on the future of warfare.

[@jarv7441]

WAR NEVER CHANGES

[@BryonLetterman]

Matt Kid that's not really the kind of thing thing that this channel is about

[@typograf62]

No. quartz crystals do not vibrate 32768 times each second. Their frequency depends on their size and shape and the temperature (slightly). 32768 is just a nice power of 2 and an extremely low number for a crystal. Thus a crystal is cut to a high and specific frequency (precision equals price) and that number is divided to a reasonable number.

[@PersianMapper]

JOE, WE GET IT! STOP WITH ALL THE PUNS!

[@NecroBones]

I don't think of 60 and 360 as totally arbitrary. They're useful numbers in that they're integer divisible by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 (for 360 anyway), 10, 12, 15, 18 (360 again), 20, and more. That's a lot of easy divisions for people to do in their heads.

[@mexicanmuslim]

Hypothetically what if someone in India goes to space in the same hour of the same day as Someone in America who goes to space. In space they float to eachtother and share the time it is for them individually. There would be confusion there wouldnt there?

[@kd1s]

And in Providence, RI the Ladd Observatory would do sidereal observation and send a pulse to jewelers, fire stations etc. to mark the time increment. Fascinating in that it was the precursor to NTP or Network Time Protocol.

[@jonathanhatch9567]

God made 7 days. Then he named them after 7 other gods.

[@robertt9342]

Jonathan Hatch well that was certainly nice of him.

[@annawing770]

Maybe he owed them money and hoped they would accept days instead.

[@jdog5642]

God didn't name the days

[@ゼフィ-r5e]

How about an episode explaining time zones, and when we realized that they existed ! I've always wondered time difference was discovered :) love your channel !

[@quartzy412]

I understood half of the video

[@baraa8555]

Quartzy I understood quarter of it

[@baraa8555]

Wait a *second* that sounds like a pun about time...

[@Trex-or6cd]

How is this complecated? 5 year old could watch this video and anderstand it

[@quartzy412]

t rex expert You sure?

[@quartzy412]

Baraa tk aka BRUH lol

[@emilskov2783]

I like the watch!

[@mauritz3912]

360 degrees don't make much sense? but base 10 does? what is this nonsense! try using 10 hours a day or 100 degrees in a circle. base 360 ftw!

[@MarioFanGamer659]

Only because you have been taught for it. If humans used 10 hours a day or 100 degrees in a circle (or any multiples of them) then we would have been using that.

[@ethanwagner6418]

@@MarioFanGamer659 base 10 measuring is only convenient because our counting system is base 10. It would be simpler if both our counting system and measuring system were based on highly composites. In a sense, the inventors of the customary system were ingenious.

[@blvphn4429]

thanks iotbs! i finally know now who or invented time or clock time. great!

[@yoshtg]

yet we still have churches which make annoying loud bell-sound. never get an apartment near a church except if you love the sound, i personally hate it and i have to move soon because its annoying af, ever 15minutes not so loud but 3 times a day very loud and 4 minutes of loud annoying bell sound. horrible.

[@gke005]

I have always wondered. I may be feeling the time because I have time to feel it.

[@zaza5042]

What is your IQ?

[@besmart]

It's at least 42

[@ricardoalves9605]

Z sheesh I watch Rick and Morty so its prety high (Sarcasm)

[@wholeNwon]

So, now we finally know what that damn question was!

[@robingosse]

I know that your video was meant to remain short, but taking another 30-40 seconds to explain the 24/60/60 cycle would have added a great deal of the video to me. Props for mentioning the Babylonian/Sumarian origins, but these numbers were not arbitrary; they did indeed correspond to the number of bones in one's hand. I feel that this is an important part of the rationalised temporal equation, and I would have enjoyed seeing it in this video.

[@luciel9768]

Its really worth watching

[@trojanrabbit792]

This answered a far different question than I expected

[@alphaeagle761]

Answered so many questions answered

[@janitziobm]

Dude.... you're awesome! I have become SMARTER thanks to you... keep up the great work.

[@fabiannedelcu3492]

The 360° make's a lot of sense!

[@fohhee]

Well is about time we get this topic

[@elite4in1-legendsofruneterra]

Yooo the Egyptians were sooo smart. Its almost like they had it all figured out millenniums before us. Imagine how much farther we could have been if a lot of knowledge weren’t lost/destroyed.

[@SharmishthaBasu]

Your videos are very easy to understand and fascinating plus fun.

[@eileensbian]

Love the new animation!! great new video. thank you.

[@Freakyros]

Thanks for the amazing video once again! Love them all!

[@martijndekok]

Using numbers like 12, 24, 60 and 360 isn't arbitrary. At least not from a mathematical point of view. Mathematicians prefer those numbers because they have many factors (divisors). As you said they already used used those when dividing circles and because they measured time in (semi) circles, it's logical they used the same numbers. Even without the need of circles to measure time these numbers still are practical. As, as you said, time was created to plan and organize things it's pretty handy to be able to devide time in even parts. Preferably in as many different ways as possible. 24 hours can be divided in even parts in 6 different ways. Either 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, or 12 even parts. While for example, if the day would have been divided in 20 hours it could only be divided up in even parts in 4 ways (2, 4, 5, or 10 part). 60 minutes has 10 divisors (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20, or 30). If they had chosen 100 (as some decimal/metric extremists around the French revolution wanted) it would have only had 7 (2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, or 50).

[@robinfox4440]

The 24-60-60 system actually makes a lot of sense, when you consider divisibility of important numbers with numbers like 2, 5, 10, and 12, and multiplication by powers of 2. The divisions worked, and we kept them for good reason. It's not merely arbitrary.

[@MysLed]

*That title had me go whaa??* followed by me saying out loud "she sells sea shells by the seashore..." and other random tongue twisters!

[@loren9194]

Love the last part. That move fooled me. 🤦🏻‍♂️😂😍💕

[@TheCuriousNoob]

Watch'ya know... I learned something. Thanks for a good time.

[@M_Chen333]

What TIME is it? TIME to WATCH this video!

[@raokameshwarfaugi1543]

Great sir! Watched your video for first time , shocked to know that someone sees the nature and science in that way.

[@utkarshgupta2943]

11:52 You're welcome bro 😃

[@remuslupin2064]

The scientist Ryan Higa, these puns are gold!

[@Glockenspheal]

IOTBS, answering the most important questions of 2019