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Myanmar, formerly known as Burma, is a Southeast Asian nation with a rich cultural history shaped by various kingdoms, colonialism, and modern political struggles. It shares borders with India, China, Thailand, Laos, and Bangladesh. Historically, Myanmar was home to powerful dynasties like the Pagan Empire (1044-1287) and the Konbaung Dynasty (1752-1885), which unified much of the country.
In 1885, it became a British colony until gaining independence in 1948. Post-independence, Myanmar faced internal strife, with ethnic tensions and military dominance characterizing much of its modern history. A military coup in 1962 led to decades of military rule, isolation, and economic stagnation.
In 2011, the country began political reforms, leading to democratic elections in 2015, where Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy (NLD) won power. However, the military retained significant control. The 2021 military coup reversed these democratic gains, leading to widespread unrest and international condemnation.
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