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The first category, food waste:
Food waste that can be used includes: peel, vegetable leaves, melon seeds,
Bread, noodles, biscuits,
animal bones, fish bones, mussel shells, shrimp shells, egg shells, etc., the decomposition rate is slower, the more broken the better.
There are also : tea grounds, coffee grounds, bean dregs, milk, brewed drinks, etc.
In addition, there are rice cleaning water and the waste oil in the range hood; both can be made into organic fertilizer of kitchen waste.
The second category, plant ash,
The third category is animal manure, such as chicken manure, cattle and sheep manure, earthworm manure, fish farming waste and other decomposed fertilizers.
The fourth category, wine residue, beer residue and grain wine residue, wine residue, blueberry and other fruit wine residue,
The fifth category, seaweed fertilizer and green manure,
Food waste composting :
1. The accumulated food waste is chopped and stored in the refrigerator;
2. Add the same volume of ordinary soil to the kitchen waste, stir, and stir well to accelerate the decomposition.
3. Take out a big bucket and put a layer of ordinary soil on the bottom of the bucket, about 3 cm.
4. Put the stirred kitchen waste and soil into the vat,
5. Cover with a layer of ordinary soil, more than 3 cm,
6. The vat is exposed to the sun,
A. Nitrogen fertilizer: Nitrogen fertilizer is the main fertilizer to promote the growth of vegetable roots, stems and leaves. The raw food waste compost such as fruit and vegetable leaves is basically nitrogen fertilizer.
B. Phosphate fertilizer: the bones of chickens, cattle, sheep and other animals, fish belly, fish bones, shrimp shells, egg shells and other compost fermentation are phosphate fertilizers.
C. Potash fertilizer: Drinking leftover tea, rice washing water, and milk bottle washing water are all good potash fertilizers after fermentation. Plant ash is a model. Potassium fertilizer has a significant effect on improving lodging resistance and resistance to pests and diseases.
D. Compound fertilizer with balanced nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium: it is to compost all the food waste together. It should be noted that the materials used cannot contain salt.
The effect of nitrogen on plant growth and development is very obvious.
Phosphorus can promote the formation and growth of early roots and improve the ability of plants to adapt to external environmental conditions. It helps to enhance the disease resistance, drought resistance and cold resistance of some plants. Phosphorus has a ripening effect and is important for harvest and crop quality. Vegetable plants need a lot of phosphorus for flowering and fruiting.
The main function of potassium is related to the metabolism of plants.
Potassium has the functions of ensuring the smooth progress of various metabolic processes, promoting plant growth, enhancing resistance to diseases and insect pests and lodging resistance.
During the growth period of branches and leaves, the demand for nitrogen is great;
During the flowering and fruiting period, more phosphorus should be given;
Potassium is needed to fight pests and diseases.
During the vegetable seedling period, use fish fertilizer that is mild and easy to absorb.
Transplanting and planting. When transplanting and planting, use decomposed manure or kitchen waste compost for top dressing. At this time, I will mix some plant ash and 3-5% egg shell powder in the soil.
One month after transplanting, the vegetables begin to grow vigorously, and top dressing is needed.
Vegetables that eat leaves use more nitrogen fertilizer, which is a fertilizer made from green fruit and vegetable peels.
For the resulting vegetables, in addition to nitrogen fertilizer, start adding a little fertilizer with a high phosphorus-to-potassium ratio, which is compost made of bones, shrimp shells, and other fertilizers, such as tea, or plant ash.
During the flowering and fruiting period, the fertilization at this stage should be mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, with appropriate trace elements. Combine solid fertilizer with foliar fertilizer. The frequency of fertilization should be controlled once every half a month
In addition, many food wastes, such as garlic peel and coffee grounds, are still natural pesticides, which can prevent snails and slugs and drive away ants.
Precautions for fertilizer use
First, homemade organic fertilizer must be thoroughly decomposed, otherwise, it may burn roots or grow insects;
Second, green vegetables that mainly eat leaves are not suitable for excessive phosphate fertilizer.
Third, the best time to use potassium fertilizer is the emergence period and fruit setting period.
Fourth, the use of fertilizers should be diverse, and a single fertilizer cannot be used for a long time.
Fifth, use suitable fertilizers according to the different growth stages of vegetables,
Sixth, use fertilizers in excess.
Seventh, pay attention to the timing of fertilization and avoid premature maturity.