A Kilogram Is Now a Kilogram-Forever | SciShow News

[@SciShow]

Go to www.privacy.com/scishow to get $5 off your first purchase!

[@ToraKuma]

I can see how this could be a bad thing. someone could use it to hide the number for a stolen credit card online when they make purchases. Also it would give yet someone else access to your financial data. NOT a good idea. No thank you.

[@generalsolution7771]

I'm somewhat upset this is only for US residents.

[@shinnyii]

Lowest amount of likes I’ve seen on a pinned comment

[@AaronOrtiz]

@@generalsolution7771 I totally agree. Geofencing sucks!

[@AkariInsko]

Valent Beasty it is still really low

[@Brainstorm69]

I love how this change in definition reflects our progress in scientific understanding of the universe. Just damn beautiful!

[@ToneyCrimson]

Meanwhile some people still uses cows, goats, foots and hands for measurement..

[@jacobandrews2663]

@@ToneyCrimson because Americans smh

[@allahbless2278]

@@jacobandrews2663 trash joke

[@jacobandrews2663]

@@allahbless2278 I said that mostly unironically, tho I get your point

[@hpensive]

Measure with Universal law, but trade with paper till you die. Yeah, that's using science.

[@jerry3790]

I think I’ll just borrow Le Grande K, considering -it’s a huge chunk of platinum- it’s lost most of its importance anyway.

[@Zeytrixx]

What a huge change. It went from a kilogram, to a kilogram.

[@ion2347]

The kilogram is dead, long live the kilogram!

[@RangerRuby]

I know right! Science has made some HUGE changes with the kilogram!

[@BigT.Larrity]

But a kilogram is heavier than feathers

[@light564]

So it went from kilograms to the exact same thing how is this news

[@gustavgnoettgen]

@@BigT.Larrity no, a kilogram of feathers is _lighter_

[@apextroll]

I've been weighting for this...

[@gordonlawrence4749]

it wont make a massive difference.

[@thewormholetv7228]

Apextroll are you imagine dragons fan?! Or a music fan?! Just a guess.....

[@lordsamich755]

I just newton there would be a heavy use of puns.

[@foreachepsilon]

Ummm it was a MASSIVE change? Missed opportunity!

[@toogaytofunction3029]

Theory: the weight of IPK might’ve changed because g was changing, not m.

[@mshadyd7309]

*MASS* ive!!!

[@delusionnnnn]

Meh, merely mass-ish.

[@MrMev2008]

that joke was (m)ass

[@EnigmacTheFirst]

“Le Grand K has lost an estimated 50 micrograms...” How did they measure the mass of an object using units defined by said object?

[@emilmuhrman]

They don't. But they have several copies, and they measure there difference.

[@adamnshame]

My guess is that they didn't measure the object to get this estimate, instead they used accepted physics concepts and applied them to the known properties of the object.

[@yamagishisan]

To all the people who think the redefinition of the kilo to a universal constant isn't a big deal: Like Hank said, when you are thinking in terms of effective medicine doses, the unit of measurement has to be consistent because a tiny change to the kilogram is a massive change when you get down to the nano scale. It's the same principle as deflecting an asteroid by making tiny adjustments to it when it is very far out, because those changes translate to very significant changes the further the distance it has to travel. It's essentially the same thing but with weight. To deflect an earth-bound asteroid, you simply need to travel to it years in advance and park your craft near the asteroid, because the slight change in gravity that far out changes the trajectory a significant amount by the time it gets closer. Take Pi, for instance; when you are calculating small numbers, you don't need as many decimal places because for small numbers, the accuracy won't be changed any significant amount, but when you are calculating for really large numbers, you need more decimals of Pi to make the calculations more accurate.

[@RicardoMoralesMassin]

I just wanted to say I read the whole thing and your comment made the video even better. THANKS!

[@cai6972]

Gimme then TL;DR. I'm not a proton, i don't have all the time in the universe

[@ThorsDecree]

@@cai6972 That would be a photon, not a proton. Unless you've uncovered evidence of an infinite-energy boson?

[@ooooneeee]

I dir get that argument. If the kilogram prototype had had a drift of 50 micrograms in 129 years that means that 1 ng has also drifted by 50 billionths, which would be 50 fg. That small chance would not affect any medical dosage i'm aware of. So this drift can only have affected science where measurements have to be hyper exact.

[@lumpyfishgravy]

It's good to have ever improving standards. But if it was that big a deal, doesn't it mean most of the measurements done in the last 50 years are wrong and need redoing? Or are we going to have two versions of the kg and a conversion factor? Or has the estimated 50 ppb drift already been factored in and is that OK?

[@taylor-7566]

*scottish accent* a keelogram o’ feathers

[@Nemcoification]

You hero.

[@IvanNava]

Feathus

[@reyden1o835]

but dey both a kelogram

[@user-qx1om2wj1h]

Scottish dude : but steels heavier then feathers.

[@Master_Therion]

What! The kilogram, the basic unit of mass, has been changed!?! Won't this cause _mass_ confusion?

[@bryceyboiii6549]

Its beautiful

[@johnny1834]

How can you be everywhere? Are you a god?

[@adlockhungry304]

🤣😂🤣

[@neuterdude5932]

Nah... just confusion en masse..?!?

[@nerztobias3863]

got some cards?

[@RangerRuby]

It's so beautiful to see Scientist from all over the world make a new definition for Le Grand K! #PowerofScience

[@DSAK55]

so what do they call The Quarter Pound in France now?

[@009SOUNDSYSTEM1]

Does that mean that a kilogram of feathers weighs more than a kilogram of steel?

[@RangerRuby]

If both are a kilogram then they both weigh the same.

[@higofyp]

No, steel is heavier than feathers.

[@klausschwabshubris]

Shane Hayden only on Mars you silly person.

[@higofyp]

@@RangerRuby But steel is heavier than feathers

[@RangerRuby]

@Liam Bishop yes but if you have 1 kilogram of steel and 1 kilogram of feathers they both way 1 kilogram. You will have more feathers but the weight is the same.

[@Ragebh]

I got an Ad for the entire Lego movie so I won't actually see the video until an hour from now, that's all I have to say

[@paolarosado2163]

Robert Hernandez I’ve had that add twice today

[@dontknowdontcare1934]

U got one to I was gonna watch it all but NAH

[@huzaifafaheem6382]

What really?

[@serglian8558]

@@huzaifafaheem6382 KZbin sometimes gives odd ads

[@safir2241]

YEAH BOI KILOS ARE CONSTANT NOW

[@safir2241]

AxxL If you have 2 girlfriends then why are you spending so much time commenting on youtube?

[@safir2241]

AxxL also damn I’m looking at your channel, it’s the whitest thing ever

[@moag2000]

@@safir2241 thanks for taking one for the team so i don't have to

[@damiangrouse4564]

Safir I think Axxl just lost a wheel...

[@safir2241]

Damian Grouse OOOOOOO

[@bigJovialJon]

The event was NOT *weighty.* It was *massive.*

[@ReaganRuinedEverything]

Your title for this topic is actually the best wording for an explanation on what this means. Others were acting like we change the fundamentals of the kilogram or the metric system itself, and I think that that was incredibly confusing to some people, primarily Americans who already hate the metric system for absolutely no reason

[@GH-oi2jf]

ཞıƈƙ ƈ-137 - Most Americans do not hate the metric system at all. The United States is a charter member of the organization which developed the SI system of units, beginning in 1875.

[@jeffreyswanson3299]

But.......Steel’s heavier than feathers

[@hadto8482]

i might get woooshed here but steel is more dense not heavier

[@patriciaa4451]

Yeah but you have to bear the weight of what you did to all those poor birds.

[@bcubed72]

But birds are yummy, so...

[@DennisRash]

This really is a huge step towards the future. If you add up more and more years things would make it much more inaccurate. I'm quite fascinated by the new kilogram. It certainly wasn't simple to create it.

[@ianmacfarlane1241]

Next week the USA is doing the same thing with the pound. Instead of a pound of barley, they're changing it to a pound of rice.

[@PADARM]

lmao

[@grandmamosays71]

I started drinking coffee before I hit my teens, but in my house coffee was filled with Carnation milk and five heaping tablespoons of sugar. I drink coffee all day long and it's usually the only thing I drink, but today I take my coffee with a little 2% milk and two sweeteners in a travel size mug. I needed the Thermos mug because I'm really clumsy and kept knocking my cup over.

[@yamagishisan]

3:33 I am anosmic, which means I don't have a sense of smell. I can still taste foods, especially bitter ones. Sprouts don't taste bitter to me at all so I am suggesting that the bitterness that you apparently experience doesn't come from the tastebuds but from your olfactory system. I've never heard about sprouts tasting bitter to anyone before. To me, they taste a little like broccoli and have a texture similar to wilted cabbage.

[@Double-Negative]

I do have a sense of smell and also think Brussels sprouts are not bitter. I dislike them because they lack any flavor I like.

[@ooooneeee]

They do taste bitter, but in a tasty way. If you blanche them before cooking it reduces the bitterness.

[@disorganizedorg]

I believe that finding brussels sprouts, broccoli, etc. bitter is a genetic trait. Possibly related to the ability to taste PTC, a common (at least in the 1970's) High School genetics class experiment.

[@capnthepeafarmer]

Bit of a correction, SI prefix of micro is 3 magnitudes less than milli. 1 milligram is 1/1000 of a gram. A microgram is 1/1000 of a milligram. Drugs are prescribed in milligrams.

[@unleashingpotential-psycho9433]

About time a kilogram is a kilogram.

[@xhisteriah]

That's a sweet t-shirt! I love seeing woodblock prints on shirts.

[@sebastianelytron8450]

Great, now I'm gaining weight because of science. I swear there's a conspiracy against me losing weight.😒

[@Obnoxymoron]

you might gain weight but your mass will be unaffected by the change :P

[@derekwheeler4299]

Fun fact! A kilogram is a measurement of mass not weight.

[@Double-Negative]

@@derekwheeler4299 Funner fact, you are gaining weight because weight=mass*g and g is increasing

[@derekwheeler4299]

Yes and while the change to the definition of a kilogram does affect weight it is so slight what effects weight more is your distance to the core of the earth [gravity]. I recomend going upstairs if the goal is just to weigh less.

[@lumpyfishgravy]

Not if the old standard was low.

[@Thunderwalker87]

"It shouldn't! Its a lump of metal." Ha! I didn't see that twist coming in that joke.

[@GabZonY]

Why didnt you present the new definition of the kilo

[@caruser4]

5:40 Same! I drink iced decaf black and people always ask me why I even bother lol

[@UKFX]

Except for stubborn Americans who refuse to use metric.

[@vectoredthrust5214]

Lee R even they are affected because their pound is actually defined in terms of the kilogram

[@_BangDroid_]

The international pound, adopted by the United States National Bureau of Standards in 1959, is defined as exactly 0.45359237 kilograms. It's metric by proxy lol

[@tnk4me4]

Americans use metric all the time, they just convert it to imperial unit s every time they do.

[@PlushLordOfTheSeas]

brits still weigh themselves with rocks

[@adlockhungry304]

Plush Lord Of The Seas, 😂

[@dorukayhanwastaken]

Changes to the SI should be publicized as patch notes like "adjusted the meter's definition to fix c at 299 792 458 meters per second" and "the kilogram no longer changes over time".

[@goodchessactor]

So, what is the famous formula for the new kilogram? You mentioned Planck's constant but not much more.

[@VaasMontenegro12]

goodchessactor take E = m*c^2 and E = h*v where h is Planck's constant and v is a chosen frequency of light, that frequency being 135639274*10^42, plug in that frequency and Planck's constant in E = h*v, then the energy value E that you've acquired should be exactly equal to the speed of light squared (c^2) so if you divide E by c^2 you'll get exactly 1 so E = m*c^2 and E/c^2 = 1kg

[@nerztobias3863]

@@VaasMontenegro12 yeah, that!!! dont u get it?

[@VaasMontenegro12]

Nerz Tobias lol

[@PADARM]

@@VaasMontenegro12 Energy of what. what is the value for E? in E/c^2 = 1kg

[@VaasMontenegro12]

Paul Austin it is the same as the speed of light squared (299792458^2) so basically you have (299792458^2 Joules)/(299792458^2 Kilometers per second)=1 Kilogram You can also remove the E entirely and think of it like this h*v/c^2=1 if v=135639274*10^42

[@OrigamiMarie]

Currently eating brussels sprouts while watching. If prepared well (high heat, but not enough to burn them), they are not very bitter.

[@victor9]

USA are you listening!?

[@jjyy8289]

@Nobody Knows lol, sure that's what happened. Change might be difficult but the difficulties of having a dumb measurement system are a lot worse. Stop with your freedom bs and just accept that metric is better in nearly every way.

[@ThorsDecree]

@Nobody Knows How the hell is the litre not a better unit for volume? When I'm mixing up my WalMartTM InstaMashTM, I never know how much water and butter to mix because the measurements for the ingredients are a varied mix of cups, teaspoons, and tablespoons. I can eyeball 50ml fairly accurately, if I don't want to look up three different conversions then I actually have to break out the measuring cups. That's an extra step -- totally un-American! I mean yeah, if you're measuring jet fuel, you don't care about fractions of a gallon in your tanks, but there's no reason for my InstaMash to call for three different measuring cups. I've personally never experienced any benefit from using the Imperial volumetric units as opposed to the SI units, let alone units for mass, force, or anything else.

[@Mark-xm1yd]

​@Nobody Knows Your freedom is a story your government tells you via news media every day.

[@Mark-xm1yd]

​@Nobody Knows I'm no fan of my government. True freedom comes from yourself and the decisions you make.

[@trigonzobob]

@@ThorsDecree The liter just doesn't sound right to me. "Hey, barkeep. Give me a half-liter of bitter." :)

[@delusionnnnn]

I've never cared for coffee, and the bitterness is a part of that. But I've always quite enjoyed the bitterness of high-cacao dark chocolate, and enjoy tonic water (which is quinine-based) and other bitter drinks, both in mixed drinks, and I even enjoy it enough that an icy glass of it is very pleasant. I've never had a good means of reconciling these two opinions, so I don't try to, anymore. I like what I like.

[@Rezkeshdadesh]

Why is a kilogram the standard unit of mass and not a gram?

[@ShadowTheNinjaKitty]

Rezzy I’m sure it’s because a gram of whatever metal they used to set the standard originally would be a very small amount-1000x smaller actually

[@Rezkeshdadesh]

@@ShadowTheNinjaKitty Then why not make a gram a thousand times bigger when they made the metric system?

[@VoidHugger]

@@Rezkeshdadesh A google search away: [The gram] was originally defined as "the absolute weight of a volume of pure water equal to the cube of the hundredth part of a metre [1 cm3], and at the temperature of melting ice"[2] (later at 4 °C, the temperature of maximum density of water). However, in a reversal of reference and defined units, a gram is now defined as one thousandth of the SI base unit, the kilogram, or 1×10−3 kg

[@jjyy8289]

@@Rezkeshdadesh cuz kilo sounds cool. Duh

[@arrgghh1555]

Because it was established around the time of the French revolution and it was originally called the Grave, which was 1000 grams. But that sounded too much like graf (meaning count) and they didn't want it to be associated with the aristocracy so was renamed kilogram. Edit: They also chose the grave (not the gram) as the standard unit because at the time the gram was too hard to measure accurately.

[@B_Skizzle]

It may not seem like a big deal, and for a lot of everyday purposes that’s true, but this is actually a really cool and important step for physics.

[@finanov6646]

Of course astrophysics had to make its way into determining the weight of a kilogram. *[insert clever astrophysics pun that has to do with the video here]*

[@John_C_J]

@Bitterkind Eeeh... Disqualified.

[@firstcrazyunclecam]

Hank, you’re awesome 👍🏻

[@SarcasticDragonGaming]

Well, at least we can finally get this weight off our chests.

[@ryanexsus]

The Kilogram, what an absolute unit!

[@user-vn7ce5ig1z]

I don't understand why they didn't just make it equal to the mass of a specific number (or moles) of some specific atom. 🤔

[@DontRobMe13]

How to Count the exakt numbers of Atoms without knowing the mass

[@vectoredthrust5214]

That actually was one of the strategies, they created ultra-precise spheres of Silicon-29 to calculate how many atoms of silicon are in it, but it's now been used to complement this energy method of definition, and define Avogadro's constant as a specific number of atoms

[@thorenrectus8688]

Vectored Thrust Exactly. Its the same case for how a meter is defined by the distance light travels in about 3.0E-8 seconds.

[@woodfur00]

A mole is currently defined as the number of atoms in a kilogram of carbon-12. That's one of the things that will change slightly with the redefinition of the kilogram.

[@MarkiusFox]

I can personally vouch for Privacy.com. It's protected me from transactions that might have been compromised through the virtual cards being temporary and only allotted to the purchase amount.

[@davidsi5376]

From kilogram to coffee! Am i the only one who noticed the change! Why???

[@cwengel22]

Why so bitter? :p

[@ooooneeee]

They always cover two topics, slowpoke.

[@jonathanodude6660]

Have you never watched a scishow news?

[@RoScFan]

It s news. It s recent stuff irrespective of topic.

[@yellowlarch]

I found the Kg announcement weirdly comforting.

[@KnightSlasher]

It weighs stuff

[@clovergh0st434]

Wow, we’re getting so much Hank today!

[@brokenacoustic]

You guys been watching Veritasium lately or what? lol

[@daniellbondad6670]

+Minnesota Acoustic It is a change that much of the scientific community will cover.Not just a few people.

[@tnk4me4]

This comment is like saying you had to be watching Shannon Sharpe to know that LeBron James had a Triple double since the beginning of this season.

[@brokenacoustic]

Good lord people, its a joke.

[@JeSuisYash]

Totes

[@hankrearden20]

@@brokenacoustic I got it! 😉

[@elainerogers6337]

5:37 my fav part

[@kristensmith11]

When your birthday is on 20th May so you feel like you have to comment about it instantly after watching this video....

[@aidankilleen5889]

0:15 Wow. WOW. GOOD ONE, HANK.

[@LadyAneh]

Yeah, it’s so weird- I usually hate bitter things, but love coffee and tea.

[@Kanbei11]

This also means that the Planck constant (and possibly Avogadro's number) are exactly defined in the same way the speed of light is

[@gordonlawrence4749]

Except of course the speed of light may have changed over time. curious.astro.cornell.edu/about-us/101-the-universe/cosmology-and-the-big-bang/general-questions/571-did-the-speed-of-light-change-over-the-history-of-the-universe-intermediate

[@torin1006]

I am a supertaster and I don't drink anything with caffeine, nor eat the white stem of lettuce. Apparently it tastes just like water to other people, but to me it's the most bitter thing in the world.

[@nathrm]

I am for sure can get a flip-flop in Thailand + free shipping with 5$. Thank you Hank.😍

[@ShadowOfSomething]

Awesome video as always, but it would have been nice if you mentioned that privacy.com is currently for us residents only

[@bradameerbeg6422]

I love how the script keeps showing up on the screen....

[@davidlemos1136]

I love to drink coffee!, dark and natural, no sweeteners or creams and i have always thought that people that can't drink it like that are weak, i know it's too much and im trying to change my mindset.

[@kme]

I've never been able to tolerate coffee; it tastes like brown sludge to me. I hate it, but have to drink it occasionally for the caffeine's painkilling effects for migraines. (Doesn't always work, which is the shitty part, but w/e.) But I LOVE tea. (and Brussels sprouts lol) Really, to each their own, I guess. 👍

[@celtgunn9775]

I love coffee, brussel sprouts, cabbage & even tea. But I only drink about 2-3 cups of coffee anymore. The acid is rough on my stomach.

[@A.Mortem]

I have really bad GERD so I feel you. It takes about a week for my stomach to return to normal after drinking a few cups of coffee

[@emilmuhrman]

Try dark roast, less acid left.

[@ristopaasivirta9770]

This is heavy. So much weight in these news. Absolutely massive.

[@purplepanda5773]

Hank for President!

[@heliosforlearning9317]

Love you Hank

[@koltonjones866]

This was the topic of my first ms thesis.

[@MCNarret]

"Unless the universe changes", **cracks knuckles**.

[@dannym2359]

maybe the reason I like caffeine-rich soda is b/c I've been drinking it since I was very young and that's where my brain sees the positive feedback. I'm so sensitive to bitter that someone spraying canned air across the room from me will make me gag and taste bitter for a long while after

[@MattJasa]

It doesn't really change the "definition", once its measured and everyone adapts to that measurement then its forever. That's how we can know it changed by an eyelash.

[@icebread9335]

Im Case you want to learn some more: bitter is spelled the same in German, but it'll be pronounced like beter, but with a "sharp" double t

[@Abdega]

It’s funny how the US, a country that (on the surface) doesn’t use metric, was the country that led to redefining the kilogram through the NIST

[@tjzx3432]

Explains why I prefer dark roast coffee over light roast, then again I am also a super taster. Didn't known till science class in 7th grade, me and two others in the class could taste the chemical on the paper.

[@erdvilla]

I love how coffee smells, but I hate how it tastes; too bitter. But, if I use ice-cold milk rather than water, then it is an elixir.

[@Uncommoner]

I wonder why they didn't reset the base unit of mass to be the gram at the same time. I understand why they picked the kilogram back then, the scale of the object being easier to manage at the time. Its the only metric unit I can think of where the base is defined as a prefixed measure (meter, litre, second, amp, mole, etc)

[@lewisdoherty7621]

What is going to happen is that the method and methods used to measure the new standard will differ slightly which will mean the new standard won't be standard because it can't be exactly determined. Equipment manufactured at the same place will differ somewhat. The different observations will result in different observer effects also. Another question is how was it determined how much mass was lost by the standard weight? Was this done by estimation exfoliation based on what? Was it measured by other standard items which also may have degraded? How were the rates of the other objects compared degradation calculated?

[@North97]

What about plank's constant having some uncertainty in the actual value of plank's constant? I think they also decided to set that to a specific value too in order to use it as part of the definition of the kg but that doesn't really sound like a good idea.

[@michaelandbrytanyjordan7573]

Even if I were to accept that ,in a verse that is considered to be infinite, there is a minimum energy. If we are willing to accept that there may be other verses with other natural laws then we must accept that the minimum value of energy could change without altering the mass of matter in this verse. Therefore you can not logically claim that we will "NEVER" need a new standard.

[@MarcF.Nielssen]

It would have been nice to mention what the origin of the kilogram is. 1 liter is the volume of 10cm cubed. 1 liter of water weighs one kilogram.

[@livinglightning8097]

When did SciShow get to 5.3 million subs?!

[@erinjakeman5116]

There's a similar problem when using magnetic North as a bearing during long term builds or very long distance trips, as it changes position all the time.

[@whoofianbrony8804]

One event was particularly massive. Missed opportunity SciShow. Missed. Opportunity.

[@LT_55G]

which is heavier, a kilogram of steel or a kilogram of feathers?

[@bedhunter]

It depends: Here or on the moon?

[@LT_55G]

@@bedhunter both :3

[@CyberiusT]

Re: "Bitter Sweet". I drink black unsweetened coffee, and quinine-flavoured softdrinks (bitter lemon, tonic water). To my taste, most commercial quinine drinks are oversweetened. I also have paradoxical reaction to caffeine: it makes me sleepy. So...Scientists need to think harder and not just assume we're drug seeking. ;p

[@foreverofthestars4718]

So if they changed the value of a kilogram to be derived from plancks constant, doesnt that just kick the problem down the road? Plancks constant is experimentally derived, meaning it has an inherent uncertainty to it and if the kilogram is defined off of it then it to will have an uncertainty.

[@jsmpsnn]

My holiday wish came true! And this is cool as well.

[@starlightsall]

Now I want to drink some coffee... but it's the middle of the night

[@Trekki200]

"hopefully Le grande K isn't too bitter about It's forced retirement, it shouldn't be... It's a lump of metal"

[@chanceaaronblack2792]

Holy wow, this exists?! I think my brain wrinkled a bit during this vid.

[@bordenfleetwood5773]

Lunacy. The kilogram won't change... Until someone realizes that entropy will, over time, likely have an effect on how much energy undergoes change during the task off producing that measurement.

[@sqike001ton]

this seems a lot more complicated than it should be

[@tommaline9607]

“It shouldn’t be; it’s a lump of metal”

[@theglobalwarming6081]

You aren’t alone. I like creamy caffeine-free coffee made from corn.

[@silverdamascus2023]

This is not how it works here in Brazil, 900g of meat can easily be 1kg in the scales, 750ml of milk can be 1 liter with the rest being water...

[@NotTheCIA1961]

Now if only we'd adopt the goddamn kilogram.

[@MimicGriphon]

I forgot this happened... Cool!

[@gigogrozni]

Last week I saw the Dutch national kilogram in person...

[@mddell58]

*Bitter coffee? Bitter tea? Add a tiny, tiny bit of salt! Yes,.....it's worked for decades. Enjoy!!*

[@cameronpeeters8537]

How does adding sugar help with the affects of caffeine?

[@martinmpop19]

Might want to mention that privacy ONLY works for US residents. I was a bit disappointed when I found that out.

[@XR650Max]

Cool glasses Hank!🤓

[@inphuriated]

seems that everything is always more complex than originally thought, strange that..

[@lumpyfishgravy]

Another thing about tea: it's a social thing, whether you're in Europe, Asia or Africa.

[@germantrujillo7495]

But steel is heavier than feathers... (visible confusion) Limmy's show!

[@Tekrothebountyhunter]

I enjoy coffee and its ability to help me wake up in the morning, but I hate the flavor of straight black coffee, and I require a moderate dose of creamer and sugar to go with it. How much does that conflict with those studies?