Acute Kidney Injury (Acute Renal Failure) Nursing NCLEX Review Management, Stages, Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (also called acute renal failure) nursing NCLEX review lecture on the nursing management, stages, pathophysiology, and causes (prerenal, intrarenal, postrenal).
What is Acute Kidney Injury? It is the SUDDEN decrease in renal function that leads to the build up of waste in the blood, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances.
What are the causes of Acute Kidney Injury? There are three causes, which are based on location. The first is known as prerenal injury and this is an issue with the perfusion to the kidneys that leads to decreased renal function. A second cause is known as intrarenal injury, and this is due to damage to the nephrons of the kidney. Lastly, postrenal injury is due to a blockage located in the urinary tract after the kidney that can extend to the urethra. This is causing the back flow of urine, which increases the pressure and waste in the kidneys.
Stages of Acute Kidney Injury: There are four stage of acute kidney injury, which include initiation, oliguric, diuresis, and recovery stage. The initiation stage starts when a cause creates an injury to the kidney and then signs and symptoms start to appear. This leads to the oliguric stages. The patient will void less than 400 mL/day of urine during this stage and will experience increased BUN/creatinine levels, azotemia, hyperkalemia, hypervolemia, increase phosphate and decreased calcium levels along with metabolic acidosis.
After this stage the patient can progress to the diuresis stage and this is where the patient will void 3-6 Liters of urine per day due to osmotic diuresis. The patient is at risk for hypokalemia, dehydration, and hypovolemia. The last stage is recovery and the patient's glomerular filtration rate has returned to normal. Therefore, the kidneys are able to maintain normal BUN and creatinine levels, electrolyte, and water levels.
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[@RegisteredNurseRN]

Hey Everyone! Thank you so much for watching. Don't forget: Quiz: www.registerednursern.com/acute-kidney-injury-nclex-practice-questions/ Notes: www.registerednursern.com/acute-kidney-injury-renal-failure-nclex-review/ More Renal Videos: kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZqK9qapmg8lkoqs Nursing Gear: teespring.com/stores/registerednursern Facebook: facebook.com/RegisteredNurseRNs Instagram: instagram.com/registerednursern_com/ Twitter: twitter.com/NursesRN

[@ImPRETTYBipolar]

RegisteredNurseRN I passed my nclex because of ur videos....I'll forever love u nurse

[@dr.vinayupadhyay8659]

RegisteredNurseRN.. thnxx..a lot... plz..uploading more n more such vedio... god bless u.. love u

[@RegisteredNurseRN]

CONGRATS!! That is so very awesome! THANK YOU for using my videos to help you study. I'm so honored that you used them to prep and took the time to leave this comment. I wish you the best in your nursing career :)

[@RegisteredNurseRN]

You're most welcome! Thank you for the kind comment. Every week I always upload more videos...so be sure to subscribe and stay tuned :)

[@tonahunterable]

Awesome video, I use your video to help me study for exams in RN school your videos are straight to the point and very helpful. When will you do a CKD lecture video?

[@amandacooley2159]

I graduate in May, we have to select an instructor to pin us at our pinning ceremony. You have officially been nominated!

[@Amarie077]

You made me cry Amanda. She has helped all of us. We thank God for blessing her with such a great talent.

[@a.m.3446]

Sarah, you’re an angel by giving your time to discuss nursing-related topics.

[@rayannea1614]

Just want to thank you from the bottom of my heart for all your time and effort in making these videos! I wish I had instructors like you in nursing school. You were an imperative part of my preparation for my Nclex exam. I viewed almost 80 % of your videos and made notes. When I took my Nclex I remembered key points from your videos which helped me pass!!! Thank you thank you thank you

[@sappsxveil]

You have clarified so much for me! I love how you breakdown the pathophysiology of the disorders so that we can understand it fully. I take my NCLEX-PN in 2.5 weeks. Thank you for all that you do!

[@rachellarson7543]

Hi Sarah, I just want to say I have been reading from multiple sources, answering NCLEX questions, and going over class powerpoints for hours on end. Of all the studying I’ve done, your videos helped me the most and made the most sense because you explain it much more efficiently and effectively. My stress levels went from beyond 10 to a 3 in 30 minutes thanks to you. Thank you so much for your website and your nursing videos!!!!

[@ifybaby6380]

she is GOD sent

[@aljotock]

absolutely brilliant presentation. My father (90 yr old and ill) developed AKI and this has helped me understand the realistic prognosis for him. He's not in End stage renal failure which is regrettable but understanding the mechanism and S&S's etc has really helped when discussing with his doctors what is the most appropriate treatment plan. many thanks x

[@TheBeautyJunction]

Hey Sarah! I'd like to say that you and your videos have been a God-send to me throughout nursing school. I graduate in May and have been watching your videos for two years now. There are times when my professors do not "teach" the material, rather they "present" the material to us and we learn on our own. You have most definitely been my professor to me. I love the way you organize your information, explain pathophysiology seamlessly, and are so educated on the material! You speak directly from my textbook and point out items that WILL be on my test. Thank you for your time and effort that you put into your videos! I don't take it for granted!!

[@RegisteredNurseRN]

Hello Alliyah, I wanted to personally reply to your comment and say THANK YOU for the kind comment and for taking the time to leave it. I really appreciate your dedicated viewership to my channel, and it is so awesome to hear you will be graduating in May! Yay!! I'm so glad you like my teaching style and that it helps you learn the material. Your comment is so encouraging to me and really means a lot...so thank you for it. I wish you the best as your complete your nursing journey, and I hope you will be back for NCLEX prep :)

[@TheBeautyJunction]

Thank you Sarah for your personal reply. If I was given the opportunity I would love to be an employer of a nursing education company like registerednursern.com after graduation to be able to teach others and to continually grow and learn medical practices. Thanks for sharing your knowledge and encouraging other nursing students like me!

[@TheBeautyJunction]

Correction: employee

[@Smithworks2]

Same here. I graduated 2 weeks ago and studying for the NCLEX.

[@LovMaya98]

There are no words to thank you enough. Your seriously put everything in a better perspective making it so easy to grasp. You have been the reason why a lot of nurses are what they are today. Thank youuuu!

[@constanceshannon4461]

Nurse Sarah I have been an LPN for 13 years and I have a BS in bio. I just wanted to let you know that I am in term 4/5 of nursing school and you are THE REASON! Thank you for what you do, you are gifted! Teaching and nursing are your calling...even long distance! Now that's talent!

[@deebaby000]

I cannot express how grateful I am for your videos! You make it all make sense, and wrap all the concepts together in a neat little box that ican actually remember!! Your are a Goddess of Knowledge !!

[@tanjamomo7265]

My hubby is in his last semester in nursing school and I started watching your videos with him. I am a hospitalist Coder and your videos are also very informative for myself. Ever since Icd 10 started us coders need to know a lot more to assign the proper codes.

[@maggieseto1351]

Hi Sarah! I just passed nclex today and wanna to say thank you so much for your wonderful videos! You saved my life throughout the nursing school while pandemic! Wish you the best!

[@zoylapizano6363]

Hi Sarah, everything I learned. I learned from you. You helped me through nursing school. Thank you for alleviating the stress. I am able to understand the topics and answer nclex questions. I wish you had more videos cause your the best nursing teacher!!!

[@ethelmartinezz]

I want to say thank you more than a million times! Your videos are such eye openers to me. Helps me not only learn my material but really understand the why behind it. I have been able to obtain beautiful A's all of my semesters thanks to you! So thankful to be in an era where educational videos are right at the tip of my hand. And most of all for having you on youtube! Education in the medical field is literally your superpower!!!!

[@Asudacov0]

you are a blessing to the nursing students and educators. Thank you very much and continue to educate!

[@00kidney]

Really great explanation, thank you very much.

[@kirstenscott8016]

Thank you, thank you, thank you! I've got my first critical care test tomorrow and this video has helped clear up A LOT.

[@lily92202]

A big thanks for your videos. You have a way of breaking the content down to make it easy to understand. Please do a video on spinal code injury. God bless you

[@silzzmuzic]

Sara, I have no words to explain how grateful I’m for such amazing lectures…

[@roxel9993]

I'm an NQN and I must say you've really helped me to gain confidence in nursing and improved my clinical judgement. I am so grateful for amazing teachers/nurses like yourself ❤

[@alexisnikitopoulos5140]

I’m about to take my last regular nursing school exam this mornin, then my final exam next week. I just want to thank you from the bottom of my heart. I’ve been watching your videos since prerequisites and you’ve taught me so much! You are the best nursing teacher I’ve ever had! Thank you so much for the time and effort you put into making these incredible videos for us!

[@masha8686]

Hi Sarah! I just wanted to say a big thank you for creating this video. I just took my lecture exam which included AKI and CKD. After watching your videos I was really prepared for it. Thanks for breaking it down!

[@RegisteredNurseRN]

Hello :) You're most welcome! Thank you for coming back to leave this comment and let me know this video and the CKD video helped with your exam....that seriously makes me so happy to hear these videos are helping students prep for exams. Thank you so much!!

[@sonianeal7377]

RegisteredNurseRN I'm guilty of not coming back to say thanks. I apologize. Been helpful since beginning of nursing sch. Almost graduating. Never gone for my exam without listening to these lectures. Thanks a trillion.

[@fallenembers2518]

after viewing your video, you make my readings much more easier to understand! You're awesome!

[@katiakeller5090]

Thank you so much for these videos. I graduate with my BSN in 18 days and I have my med-surg final on Tuesday and your videos have helped me so much with my classes. I hope to be as good as a teacher as you some day.

[@anandsakkai]

you are amazing... best teacher ever...you have so much blessings from all of us..Keep up the great work

[@melissamendoza5382]

THANK YOU!!! I AM PASSING AND UNDERSTANDING NURSING SCHOOL THANKS TO YOU!!!

[@markelliott631]

As a mental health nurse on a very steep learning curve studying pathophysiology a huge thanks!!!!

[@sherryluvsu165390210]

My nursing school got rid of lectures this year. So i will be here practically every day. Thanks for saving my life litearlly

[@milagrosines]

Thank you again! God bless you! You make my days! Everything is so easy with your lectures! Sending love from San Diego

[@its_rachel1]

I'm not a nursing student, but I am in paramedical. I refer your videos for most of my topics. Thank you so much for making all this much easier for me!

[@mwabazulu8428]

Absolutely the best lecturer. I graduated last year October 2022. Zambia Registered Nurse

[@BrianDikasdaybyday]

Phenomenal job on this video! My 3 hr lecture in 28 minutes ! Fantastic!

[@janeensalsbery7430]

This is part of our supplemental school curriculum. Thank you!! God bless you Sara

[@CinemaDoll137]

Your dimensional analysis videos helped me become a whiz with dosage calc. I've used many of your vids to help me study for ATIs during nursing school. As of Feb 2022, I'm officially a registered nurse. But, I'm coming back to your videos as a daily refresher for work :)

[@jessicajosephbenjamin850]

Im a Final year Medical student and Im so grateful to you for Your videos... It makes me understand Stuffs easily...

[@anumohandasnair]

Really appreciate this video. I was struggling to get an understanding of akf. This video massively helped me.

[@lindseyray5189]

PLEASEEE POST ESRD NOWW :))) I have the renal system test on Monday! i got so excited when this popped up!!!

[@vanessacamacho6340]

I’ll be sure to thank you in my speech when I graduate in May!🙏🏼

[@adilfarooq5582]

First I like your video then I start listening your leacture.Mam you are genius I am your great fan from Kashmir ❤️ ❤️

[@elagro]

I’m preparing for my nephrology nursing certification exam and your lectures are priceless. Big thank you!!!

[@BenA-bu1cz]

From a non medical person I find your videos really informative. A Big Thank you !!!!!

[@RegisteredNurseRN]

Very awesome! I'm glad you liked the videos. Thank you for taking the time to watch them. I really appreciate it!

[@laceygail]

I don't know if you already teach for a school, but Galen College of Nursing would be excited to have you! These past three years I have been in nursing school I have made my way back to your videos. You are so natural at teaching and definitely have helped more than a few. Thank you, I appreciate your time and effort to help us nursing students. :)

[@jennywanderervlogs5645]

Nurse Sarah, thank you so much! You are a life saver!!! Im on my 3rd year now.

[@yordanoszakarias2325]

You are an amazing teacher, God bless you.

[@stephaniemoran97]

Hi Sarah! Im graduating in June and I honestly couldnt have done it without you

[@sekinahannah8880]

I truly want to mail you a gift of appreciation for taking the time to do these awesome videos!!! You’re a natural born teacher :) Thank you thank you thank you!!!! You

[@ricadoneza1608]

hi! I want to thank you for your passion in sharing your knowledge with us through these wonderful videos. I really have learned a lot.. Keep the fire burning!

[@samanthaalberga3489]

your videos are amazing!!! We are studying renal right now and this helped me soooo much! I wish you were our professor. Thanks so much for taking the time to make these videos and being a wonderful source to study from.

[@ladyhasuko]

Hi Sarah! I'm a Belgian CCU nurse currently studying for my special degree in emergency nursing, and I just wanted to thank you for creating these fantastic videos. They have really helped me prepare for my exams since you explain everything so clearly and structured. You are the best! Thank you so much.

[@nursingstudents3064]

What an amazing talent you have. I hope to be half as smart as you someday, thanks for helping me get through nursing school, i only have 4 more weeks left! Finally in the home stretch! I will continue to watch all of your videos well after nursing school.

[@skippyshake]

Great overview for someone concerned about a family member with acute kidney injury. Thx.

[@hayley0Lewis]

That was fantastic thank you. Learned more in this than in med school :)

[@anjudhami2001]

You're such a amazing nurse with great knowledge. Yours lectured really helps ...thank you so much

[@nyamurungibtumusiime4562]

You are the most brilliant nurse i've ever seen

[@nabinakunwar4727]

you are really good at explaining things. thanks

[@user-sy8go3dw4v]

Hello, Thank you so much of this video series!! I am a nurse from South Korea and will immigrate to the USA soon. I am studying with your videos to review nursing studies. It is very beneficial for me because not only I can improve nursing knowledges but also English skill. I appreciate it! :)

[@aprshjcjahmed]

I tried to follow my doctors suggestions by limiting protein. I became Sick. I am anemic, diabetic (A1c 6.7) high normal to low blood pressure. Total cholesterol 140, and ckd b. I was saving my kidneys, but dying of malnutrition. I could not stand up long enough to make coffee or a quick meal. I increased my protein and fiber as well as fresh vegetables and I am doing well. I now have energy to walk and do more cardio exercises.

[@trinitifranklin7542]

I JUST WANT TO GIVE YOU THE BIGGEST HUG!!!!! THANK YOU!!!

[@neelroh5431]

THANK YOU SO MUCH FROM BOTTOM MY HEART, DUE TO UR VIDEOS, IM ABLE TO SURVICE NURSING SCHOOL.

[@rizwanmanzoorbhat]

Thank you for making this video, your way of delivering lecture is very effective. I am watching your videos from India.

[@fpl4172]

Thank you so much for making these videos. It is really helpful in understanding complex diseases and you explain them really simply. I hope you continue making these types of videos.

[@sonamdiki3989]

Thank u for all your videos! I used them as my main prep material for nclex. Taking nclex in couple days !

[@RegisteredNurseRN]

You're most welcome! Thank you for using my videos to help you prep for NCLEX. I wish you much success when you take it in a couple of days :) Best wishes!

[@sonamdiki3989]

RegisteredNurseRN passed nclex with 79 questions! Owe a lot to u. Thank u:)

[@OffhandAgent]

Thank you so much for this video! Third semester starts in 20 days and renal failure is one of the first topics :-)

[@meganshagbark6839]

Sarah's Fluid and Electrolyte videos are great prep for renal, liver, etc, to learn the symptoms of electrolyte imbalances that are talked about in these disorders.

[@chidinmaaniamalu2462]

WOW!!! I totally enjoyed this lecture. so much better than reading a textbook. Thank you.

[@naggalyejanet8874]

Omg nmy dear you are a life saver. I've understood so well better than how I was taught. Your videos are the best madam. Am so grateful. I hope to pass my DHA nursing exam. Thank you so much.

[@mmolinare700]

Thank you so much for taking the time to make these videos. I always watch your videos before I go to lecture or read my chapters and its 100% easier, so thank you SO much

[@tonigrey448]

Im still in nursing school, and let me tell you it is the hardest thing. Your videos have made learning so much easier and a whole bunch of weight is lifted off after viewing your videos. Thank you for making these and for helping me feel better about taking 2 exams in the next week!!!

[@meganshagbark6839]

Hi Sarah! Thanks so much for all of these videos. I have relied on them for the past three semesters. These are great to simplify the topics, especially the mnemonics and the fluid and electrolyte videos. I listen to them on the way to class, and at work (cleaning for a construction company at nite). I've spread the word to my classmates, and my professors consider your videos--along with Khan Academy--to be reputable for studying their material. I just feel indebted to you for these. Thank you!

[@RegisteredNurseRN]

Hello Megan :) Wow, thanks for this very, very awesome comment. I'm humbled and honored that you have been using my videos for the past three semesters and that your professors find my videos reputable...wow, you just have no idea how much that means to me. I'm so happy that I can help you and your classmates out because I remember how rough nursing school was. I want to try to make the journey a little less stressful for you all (if that is even possible lol). I wish you the best in your nursing journey, and THANK YOU for allowing me to be part of it.

[@SajjadHussain-kt5vy]

Very nice medam i am a pharmacist but i help from you lictures alot thank you I am your big fan❤

[@kimmysanchez]

I’m just so grateful for you Sarah & Ben!! Thank you guys so so much!!

[@victoriadowling6751]

Thank you for all your videos they really helped! On my last semester now! I already had the exam on it but you should really do one on Mechanical Ventilation and Ventilators!

[@MusicforYoungViolinists]

Amazing, this is so helpful. Thank you so much for making this!

[@lumnijexhezairi2665]

You're the best! Your videos are the most helpful videos for the nursing school!

[@HopewithJonathanPodcast]

I was once diagnosed with AKI with emergency kidney failure and then it was changed to Stage 5 ESRD because dialysis didn’t revive my kidneys

[@bayleewarr5794]

Just got accepted into nursing school, will have to learn all this!

[@RegisteredNurseRN]

Congrats to you!! I hope my channel can be a resource for you during your nursing journey :) Thank you for watching this video! Best wishes!

[@meganshagbark6839]

Congrats, Baylee! First semester is a whirlwind, so stay encouraged, and buddy-up with your classmates! Have a great semester!

[@theblog5533]

Hi Sarah. Thank you so much your videos are very helpful. I ate breakfast watching your video. Just letting you know how great job you have. I passed the NCLEX January 2019. God Bless you♥️♥️

[@nursingeducation5578]

Thank you very much for this wonderful explanation

[@RegisteredNurseRN]

You're most welcome! Thank you for the kind comment :)

[@kuldeepkaur4048]

Mam , your videos are really helpful.. Thank you .keep it up .

[@kiranraj228]

That was one of the best Explanation I have ever heard💯. Thank you

[@neemangugi4546]

You have really simplified AKI

[@vijoybenty7678]

Thank You , for being a great educator , and the free nursing notes .

[@tomoyapryce5087]

Sarah this is awesome… you’re real gifted. Your lectures sure does help.

[@GreenBarbie5]

I love your videos, your quizzes and your website! You are succinct with your explanations. You have went above and beyond! Thank you so much!!!!! Keep it up! I am on my last semester and will be using your videos for review!

[@RegisteredNurseRN]

Thank you so much for the AWESOME comment :) I really appreciate you taking the time to leave this comment and for watching the video!

[@dianec4445]

Hi Sarah! 🙂 I just want to say thank you for making these informative videos. You made them in a way that we can easily grasp the content. I'm an international nurse and I passed my NCLEX on my first attempt last May 2019 with 75 questions. And you have a big contribution to my success. I hope and pray that you will continue to help a lot of nurses/future nurses. God bless 🙏

[@experimentaorlandobyvaness1624]

You are exactly what I needed. Thank you so much nurse Sarah!!!!

[@richardgreene4725]

Very detailed and interesting information. I believe this information applies to my current condition, after three weeks in hospital, this helps me to understand what is going on in my system, as I was diagnosed with Acute kidney Injury. Thank you.

[@joshuamancarter]

great presentation. Thank you!

[@OpioIsaac-ih1mt]

Great simplified contents. God bless you so much

[@oliversong1256]

ALWAYS amazing video. Appreciate it very much one more time lol

[@paulk.2643]

A zillion thank you for your VDOs.. They are very helpful and easily and comprehensively explained everything. Thank you for helping all the students and me - a future registered nurse.

[@debbiepottscoaching]

Thank you! My 80 year old dad is in the hospital now with kidney failure and is on dialysis. Sadly the doctors to offer any other treatment to improve kidney function and other side effects. Just always "wait and see" after dialysis, more blood draws and more medications.

[@shathaahmed1901]

Thank you so much I am nursing student from Saudi Arabia and this video was very helpful 💚💚

[@carinagonzalez6236]

THE BEST EVER I SWEAR. I inspire to be like you and explain everything like this!

[@karlagil5668]

thank you so much, I love your lectures. They actually help me understand the material

[@johnhenry6057]

ANOTHER OUTSTANDING VIDEO. SARAH IS ABSOLUTELY AMAZING! THANK YOU SARAH FOR ALL THAT YOU DO. :-)

[@Cutieshirleylove87]

I love your video!! Big Thank you for putting this together !

[@JillTait]

as always.. your lectures are wonderful!

[@giftogechukwu4035]

Thanks so much for your videos has helped me in my med sug exams , you talked about dialysis would like so videos on that thanks ☺☺

[@Nevilos]

Hello, thank you so much for all the videos you have made!! I'm in my last 3 weeks of nursing school. It is very helpful and I am wondering if you happen to have any videos of Shock/Sepsis. I am wondering if you could possibly make a video on those topics. If you actually made them already please let me know and I apologize. Thank you! I sincerely wish you the best!

[@RegisteredNurseRN]

Hello :) THANK YOU so much for watching my videos. I'm so glad they have been helpful. I do plan on covering these topics in the future. Here are all my lectures organized in a playlist so you can browse them: kzbin.info/aero/PLQrdx7rRsKfWwTsEG3KPPQx9rWa8AqMIk I hope that helps. Best wishes with the rest of your semester and on the NCLEX exam.