Рет қаралды 788,417
🌍 About 541 million years ago, the distribution of land and sea was much different than what we know. All of this took place long before the creation of Pangea.
At this time of the Cambrian, during the first phase of the Paleozoic, the Iapetus Ocean separates North America from South America and Africa which was welded together, the whole called Gondwana. The Rheic Ocean separates the African coast from the Baltic continent. Other oceans, such as the Panthalassa and the Paleotethys cover a very large area that separates North China and Siberia.
Over millions of years, the continents have moved apart, the oceans have expanded and opened on others. The land broke away and microcontinents were born. This is the case in the Devonian of Avalonia which includes Canada, England, Wales, France and Denmark. In the Carboniferous, North China shrank and became isolated from the other continents and microcontinents.
During the Permian, new movements started to bring the lands closer together to form Pangea.
In the Triassic, the Thetys Ocean is cut. It begins an opening that will lead to the Atlantic Ocean by dislocating the Pangea. Plate subductions, when one plate slides under another, and orogenies, these movements of plates that lead to the formation of mountains, continue to shape the planet and give it a new face over time. Ocean ridge activity keeps sea levels high. Shallow seas cover some continents. Other phenomena cause basalt flows. Continents break off, one by one.
The land and water seem to be in perpetual motion. Each of these movements will lead the continents a little further adrift to form the world as we know it today.
🔥 As a reminder, the videos are published on SUNDAYS at 6:00 PM.
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💥 Prehistoric Oceans:
- The Paleozoic Eon, and even more so the first period of the Paleozoic, the Cambrian, marks a real turning point for life on earth. Until then, unicellular organisms were the only ones to populate our planet. None of them has a particular cell that would allow for example to produce internal organs. They are soft-bodied protozoic beings. They feed via the cell membrane... which is their own body.
The Cambrian marks an extraordinary and unprecedented change: the birth of multicellular organisms. In addition to the appearance of these new living beings, the Cambrian is also synonymous with the explosion of life, which proliferated during this period.
In summary, what you should remember about the Cambrian era is that life is teeming and diversifying all over the world. Animals are still largely soft-bodied organisms, but their differentiated cells allow them to adapt to their environment and evolve. Specific internal and external organs appear: eyes, legs, antennae, mouth system, digestive system, nervous system.
A food chain is also set up and thus favors the development of life in the ocean.
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🎬 On the program today:
- 00:00 - Introduction
- 00:22 - The birth of the world ocean
- 11:17 - Ocean evolution and continental drift
- 13:34 - Paleozoic Aeon, the age of fish, the air of change
- 15:13 - I. The Cambrian
- 21:57 - Arthropods : Trilobites
- 23:23 - Yohoia
- 24:57 - Canadaspis
- 25:25 - Archaeocyathas
- 26:47 - Anomalocaris
- 27:55 - II. Ordovician
- 31:47 - Bivalves
- 32:30 - Family Gastropodas
- 33:26 - Orthoceras
- 34:45 - Agnatha
- 39:11 - III. The Silurian
- 39:58 - Anapsids
- 40:33 - Osteostracans
- 42:00 - Acanthodians
- 42:56 - Eurypteridae
- 44:24 - Placoderms
- 45:25 - IV. The Devonian
- 46:43 - Stromatopores
- 47:15 - Bothriolepis
- 47:57 - Placoderms: Dunkleosteus
- 48:34 - Cladoselache
- 50:41 - V. Carboniferous
- 52:20 - Crinoids
- 53:03 - Helicoprion bessonovi
- 53:30 - Stethacanthus
- 54:20 - VI. Permian
- 55:39 - Chondrichthyes
- 56:34 - Actinopterygians
- 57:20 - Amphibian
- 01:01:38 - Mesozoic Era
- 01:02:30 - VII. Triassic
- 01:04:46 - Ichthyosaurs
- 01:05:23 - Nothosaurus
- 01:06:16 - Ceresiosaurus
- 01:06:50 - Pachypleurosaurs
- 01:07:35 - VIII. Jurassic
- 01:09:03 - Hildoceras
- 01:09:53 - Stenopterygius
- 01:10:40 - Plesiosaurs
- 01:12:54 - IX. Cretaceous
- 01:14:03 - Hydrotherosaurus
- 01:15:03 - Mosasaurs