Analogue to Digital Conversion - The Basics

Short video explain what Analogue to Digital is and also Digital to Analogue. We look at bit-depth and sample rate which both have an impact. CDs for instance have a sample rate of just over 44kHz and 16 bit sampling rate. Let's understand what this means. Callum.
Audio to Digital reference links:
www.izotope.com/en/learn/digi...
www.soundguys.com/high-bitrat...
www.mixinglessons.com/bit-depth/

[@godarklight]

At 4:30 this is what happens to sounds when the signal is faster than half the sample rate. If you are sampling at 48khz and feed it a 47.999khz sine wave, you'll end up with a 1hz sine wave being sampled. Bit depth affects weak signals. 0dbFS is your maximum amplitude, 1. -30dbFS is 0.03 amplitude. The smallest non zero value an 8bit signal can represent is 0.004 amplitude (1/2^8), having a dynamic range of roughly 48db between the strongest and weakest signal.

[@timgoad5750]

Well presented Sir Callum.

[@m0ngo]

Bit depth is the number of bits (1s or 0s) that are recorded in each sample. The more bits, the closer your digital sample is to the analogue signal. The sample, therefore, is a measurement of amplitude of the waveform. The sample rate is the number of measurements taken per second. The higher the bit depth and the higher the sample rate the closer your digital representation will be to the analogue signal - but the file size increases considerably. Niquist Theorem suggests that the sample rate must be at least 2 times the value of the highest frequency in the analogue. So, in audio, the highest frequency is about 20kHz, so we must sample at 40kHz or more to be able to reproduce the highest frequency.

[@DXCommanderHQ]

You should make videos!

[@NickFrom1228]

In terms of digital vs analog in relation to waveforms etc, the following video does a good job explaining. Since YT likes to delete comments with links in them, I'm only including the portion of the url after the = 1YviIsCbT9Q The Audio University channel has several useful videos of this nature.

[@donbunson5031]

Thanks cal. I commented about my extreme memory issues and problems scoring 26/26. I think I was over thinking it. I should just contact a local club and when well enough go tell them about my issues. They are not handing out doctorates. This video cemented that for me. I set up a meshtastic node 10 days ago and already have issues with how I did it. Each time I do something it often feels like the first time. The Hams on the Mesh are lovely people. I broke something and was offered a free replacement within minutes of fixing it with tape and getting the mesh back up. Anyway this is the year I get over my fear of looking dumb because of my health issues and get that licence.

[@DXCommanderHQ]

You don't need a club old friend.. I think you can just book your 26Qs on-line..?!

[@CC-hk6vy]

Excellent discussion! DX Commander now can become the audio commander! Seriously, very good, should be mandatory for anyone in our Hobby de WO8USA🇺🇸🇺🇸🇺🇸

[@DXCommanderHQ]

Tnx!

[@ke8mattj]

Okay, I just clicked and watched the video because of the "random arrow." I hate it when channels do that and I knew you were just mocking it since I've seen your videos before when I was learning a bit about ham radio while trying to get my general (and eventual extra) license.

[@DXCommanderHQ]

Haha - I thought it was funny :)

[@ben2e0omr]

So it still boils down to,'Along the corridor and up the stairs'...

[@DXCommanderHQ]

Haha.. Yes! Corridor X and Stairs Y :)

[@brianfields4479]

Worse bit for me was back in the day, sitting in front of a naval officer taking my cw test, how things have changed eh, hi. Good luck to all new comers.

[@DXCommanderHQ]

Oh! Pressure! :)