Ancient Sindh : A History

Sindh, the region of the Lower Indus Valley, has a rich history. But when it comes to the history of Sindh before the arrival of Arabs, we find that there's not much written about it. In this video, we look at the history of Sindh through various literary sources.
References:-
1. Al-Hind, Vol-1, by André Wink
2. Arrian the Campaigns of Alexander the Great, Edited by James Romm
3. The Achaemenid Empire in South Asia and Recent Excavations in Akra in Northwest Pakistan - Peter Magee et al.
4. The Indo-Greeks by A.K Narain
5. Demetrias in Sind? by E. H. Johnston
6. Demetrias in Sind by W. W. Tarn and E. H. Johnston
7. Epigraphia Indica Vol 8
8. The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, by an unknown author: With some extracts from Agatharkhides ’On the Erythraean Sea’ by G.W.B. Huntingford
9. Barbarikon in the Maritime Trade network of early India by Sundhandra Gosh
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[@bhnuc]

Sindhi Hindu here, my grandfather have to leave Sindh in 1947 where our ancestors were living for thousands of years. I feel we are the least talked community when we talk about partition.

[@user-ny2ug1id3s]

The area Sindh, was the gateway of India 3000 yr ago, so many people passed some settled some forcefully evacuated, some went on,

[@MazharChachar]

You are right. Nowadays, sindh and sindhis are largely ignored even by indians when talking about the partition.

[@youtubeuserxix]

I wish you Sindhis had your own area/province in India following the partition because you are one community that actually deserved it.

[@Vath098]

You will recover your lost home in next 10 years - so be optimistic.😊

[@parjanyashukla176]

The whole of Sindh went to Pakistan. 45% of Punjab remained with India. Only 30% of Bengal remained with India. But who shouts the most about the horrors of partition: Punjab, Punjab, Punjab, Punjab....

[@zebrunstate2815]

Sindh is lost gem 💎 of India

[@gangadharhiremath7306]

Nothing is lost.Sindhi's are living happily in Pakistan,Mumbai,Ullasnagar etc.

[@AbhinandanABS]

@@gangadharhiremath7306 Paxtan & happy don't rhyme together

[@John_O_Connor]

@@AbhinandanABSgoes to show your limited brain!

[@inthehindsight]

Not lost. We will get back our ancient lands.

[@Vath098]

@@gangadharhiremath7306 Mr. Hiremath, Sindhi people lost their kuldevta temples and ancestral villages during Partition when they were forced to leave. A Hinduo always have connection to the land where his/her family deity resides. As Hindos, they have a duty to return and rebuild their family shrines when circumstances permit.

[@sohailsindhi3335]

We Sindhis are most hospitable and peaceful people..proud to be Sindhi

[@kraut1982]

I’m from Maharashtra but still happy to see you cover history of Sindh. However a slight correction, the Persian inscription mentions Hidus which is to be Hindus/Sindhus. The Persians were perfectly capable of pronouncing S after all the they have ParaSa. Infact it is highly possible that people of Sindh alternatively pronounced their area/identity as Hindus. There are several people in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Northwestern Maharashtra who in some instances replace S with H. I can say that is true about Marathi dialect spoken in Palghar region of Maharashtra. It is very much possible that these ancient working class people themselves proclaimed as Hindu and the Persians thus recorded them accordingly.Also all other people groups/tribes mentioned in the Persian inscriptions are by their endonym (self-identity name) but only in case of Hindus it is assumed that that Persians gave them that name.

[@redskoda14]

No it was not so....Sapta also becomes Hapta.

[@kraut1982]

@@redskoda14If it happens in Old Persian language does not mean, it cannot happen in other languages. In fact in the same DNA inscription the word Aria is actually spelled as Haraiva by your logic that then would have been Saraiva? The Brits translated Haraiva as Aria as they had some references of Aria in Greek and Latin sources. In these languages and those derived from it H at the beginning is often not pronounced. Eg. Hadrian becomes Adrian. This region that they called as Aria corresponds to the region of the Hari river in Afghanistan.

[@redskoda14]

@@kraut1982 The Behistan inscription clearly uses the word "Arya" for Darius ancestry .The Avesta uses the word "Irya".This becomes "Iran" the land of the Irya(Arya). Darius calls one of his ancestors as "AryaRamna".ie the one who delights in being an "Arya". In the same inscription he mentions his dominion over "Haraiva" which the English translated as "Aria".What does it matter if the english would have called it "Zaria". The english did not write those inscriptions. What matters is what persians wrote and said. Your assumptions are wild. Indians call themselves "Indian" because of the "Greeks" and later europeans not by themselves.Similarly the persians used the word "Hindu" for the "Sindhu".There is not a single proof of your claims. The transformation of sanskrit "Sa" into avestan "Ha" is well attested fact and not an assumption. Ppl can do as many wild mental gymnastics as they want but the facts remain facts.

[@kraut1982]

@@redskoda14 I don’t know what triggered you, I never denied that S changes to H in Old Persian. But u seem to have a hard time accepting that such a change can also happen in other Indian Prakrit languages too.

[@badarpurschool9618]

Eagerly waiting for your video

[@Advaitvaadi]

Great informative session

[@VinodKumar-xb5ud]

What an excellent piece on Sindh. Good stuff brother. Thanks

[@Marksman_12]

5:00 I have watched a good amount of Crusader Kings 3 let's play that as soon as I saw that map and your point about low control by Mauryans that the only thing that I thought was "Low county control, better send the Marshal to increase control".

[@monsterousLad]

The Sindhu is the modern Sindh province Pakistan, although the makran region was also part of Sindhu, but not the part of modern Sindh province, while Sauvira is the south Punjab till Multan it was all Sindh, this whole was regionally called as Sindhu-Sauvira also a third region Shivi which was also in ancient Sindh, which is modern day Sibi region of Balochistan, Pakistan, Sibi is still called locally by Sindhis which are majority there as "Siwi".

[@vijaykumaryadav4905]

Hats off to you ,short and non biased

[@spacebunny4335]

Me playing CK3 and wondering I wonder what the history of Sindh was like before the Arab conquest, I then look at KZbin and see this video. Thanks I love your channel it is one of the best on KZbin for the history of the Indian subcontinent and the surrounding lands, I appreciate how you try and keep politics out of it as well.

[@adamchanna4854]

Awesome video! Love from Canada

[@raginisingh2251]

Excellent

[@aavcorp.developerseng.3453]

Great work jay ! I have some questions regarding the ancient indian history Who was the father of pushyamitra shunga ? And were the shungas hereditary generals of the mauryas ?

[@satcast]

Seriously man,this channel deserve millions subscriber,most underrated hostory chanel in youtube india ...feel bad for you brother💔💔

[@AD-gg2sr]

Jay, I have a question. Can epics like Mahabharat be used as a historical evidence?

[@ashok755]

Nice!

[@monkeymindat]

Brother Jay, please make a video about the Mahabharata period or before where "Uttar Kuru" and other regions are mentioned. We should also know how many kings and different places participated in that epic battle. As we know less about that from our text 📖

[@akk7791]

Thanks

[@yashagrawal88]

1:38 Sauvira is the origin of the name Saraikistan.

[@chaudhry6769]

😂

[@user-mu8vy1bn8e]

seraiki is an artificial made up

[@chaudhry6769]

@@user-mu8vy1bn8e yes

[@paulomi9351]

​@@user-mu8vy1bn8eread history of arora khatri clan descendants of suryavanshi lineage from sindh

[@paulomi9351]

​​@@user-mu8vy1bn8e What Pakistanis say about their pre-islamic ancestry: All those whose title is Sheikh are Arabs: The fact is that all Sheiks are either converted from Kashmiri Pundits or from Khatris like Saigols. All those with title of Mirza are descendants of Mughals: This is only partly true, as most of the Rajput converts and even non converts were given the title of Mirza like Mirza Raja Jai Singh. All those with the titles of Saiyyad are true descendants of Mohammad: This is mostly fake. People took this title to extract respect from common folk. Although there are some true Saiyyads , The first Saiyyad in Sindh married local Sindhi Hindu girls(As per Kitab ul Hind by Al Beruni) thus even the true Saiyyads have local Hindu blood from mother side. All those with the title of Awans are Arabs: While the first census of India was being carried out in 1870, the british officers find it very difficult to distinguish Awans from Hindu Rajputs as their customs were astonishingly similar to Hindu Rajputs. The current effort on the part of Awans to align with Arabs is for the same purpose as elicited at point 3. Dilip Kumar(Yusuf Khan) the film actor is Awan. All Arains are also Arabs: Till Jia ul Haq usurped the throne of Pakistan, Arains were comfortable with their Hindu ancestry. They were and are vegetable growers and gardeners. With Jia’s elevation, Arains suddenly became Arab for obvious reasons. All with the title of Janjua are Arabs: In Suleman mountain, coins of Maldev Janjua has been discovered. This is a matter of Shame for Janjuas rather than pride as they have framed themselves up as Arabs. All with the title of Wattu are Arabs: They are infact Rajputs but prefer to call themselves as descendant of Arabs but shy away at the proposal of DNA test. Khokhars: Khokhars call themselves descendents of Arabs but actually they are related to Jats, Hindu Khokhars created havoc in the Army of Mahmud Ghajnavi when Jaipal attacked Ghajni to take it back in around 980-990 AD. Hindu Khokhars killed Shahabuddin Ghori on the right bank of Indus near Attock in 1203 AD. There are still some Hindu Khokhars in India. All with the title of Khan/ Pathan are actually Pakhtun and all Pakhtuns are Afghans and all Afghans are the lost tribes of Bani Afghana of Israel: The theory was promulgated in the medieval era but is refuted by DNA test. Some Pathan as told in the beginning are recent converts from Rajputs. Afghans have some Tadjik elements also. Pashto is an Indo-Iranic language and is not related to semitic language. According to Farishta, Afghans including Pakhtuns were Hindus and Pagans before their conversion to Islam. Muhammad Ghorí’s great grandfather Shansban was Buddhist. Similarly Tigin Shahis were turks and were Buddhists before converting to Islam. Khan is the title of adopted by any noble Hindu convert to Islam , some times even barbers also used this title after conversion. However every Khan wants to identify with Pakhtuns. All Ansaris are those Madinites who helped Muhammad in Madina: Ansaris in the Indian subcontinent are converts from weaver community of Hindus. They took this title as a semblance of respectability. They are still in the job of stitching, weaving and tailoring. All Quraishis are those Quraishi clan to which Muhammad himself belong to: Qureshis in India are converts from Hindu Butchers or Kasabs. They took this title for the same reason of respectability , It was a clan decision to convert and clan decision to take this title. However there are Jats , Rajputs, Gurjars , Khatris, Kashmiri Pundits and Ahirs in Pakistan who acknowledge their Hindu Past. They proudly keep their titles as Bajwa, Randhawa, Johia, Tomar, Deol, Rathore, Chauhan, Minhas, Salaria, Salathia, Shan, Rana, Raja, Satti, Bhutto, Lohani, Bhatti, Jadoun, Sumra, Samma, Sasan, Ghil, Maan, Gujjar, Katariya, Khatana, Kapur, Kohli, Sethi, Saigol, Bahal, Kakar, Khatri, Bhat, Rao, Rangher. Some Pakhtuns’ title like Sarwani, Shahbani, Shahukhel, Kakar,Khosa, Bamzai, Karzai, Sadozai, Barakzai, Mahmand, Suri, Khattak, Afridi, Shermankhel, Mahsud, Lodi have in themselves definite Hindu and even Greek connotations. Greek historians Plini, Strabo and Sanskrit Grammarian Panini has thrown some light on the people living in what is now Khaibar Pakhtunkhwah. Also with little linguistic retrospection above tribes might be previously known as Suryavanshi, Shahvanshi, Shahkul, Kakar, Khosa, Vam, Kar, Sat, Varak or Virk, Mahamand(Or great Mand: Mand was a Shaka tribe), Sri, Shatak, Aparitai (Greek tribe), Srimankul, Mahashudra(Shudra was not a non Aryan tribe, rather Alexendar fought with Kshudraks a warrior tribe, Sud is still the title of Khatris of Punjab who are upper caste), Lydoi(A Greek tribe). Thus we can infer that these tribes originated from Hindu or Greek ancestors even the Yusufzais call themselves as Isap in their own gatherings, this Isap is the same as Aspesians who under their queen Kripi gave brilliant resistance to Macedonians under Alexendar the great in Massaga(some where near Peshawar) sometime in 327BC. Kripi in Greek sources is mentioned as Kleophis. Kalash kafir people of the Chitral and Hunza still worship Mahadev and Yimraj and follow a primitive Vedic religion. Only 2000 left now as rest are converted by abduction of girls and forcibly conversion of men. They were masters of a province of Kafiristan in north east Afghanistan till 1896. In brief, some 20% of Pakistanis are estimated to be from Turkish/Afghan/Mughal/Arab origins and rest 80% of purely indigenous. Among these 80% , mostly they were Hindus or a mix of Hindus, Buddhists, Animists and Zoroastrians at the same time. Even in the remaining 20% there is substantial hindu blood from mother side 😊 Sindhi lohanas converted to Memon community 😊 Jinnah was lohana with surname thakkar Alama Iqbal was saraswat Brahmin with surname saproo Birbal was saraswat Brahmin Mahesh das bhatt Lohanas community ( Sindhi , kutchi, Punjabi)

[@manthanpandya7501]

Waiting for part 2 Want to know more about multan sun temple and possible gupta influence over this region and brahman Dynasty and possible conflict of Buddhist and Brahmanical ideologies

[@parjanyashukla176]

"Buddhism" and "Brahmanism" aren't ideologies like communism, liberalism or blah blah-ism.

[@parjanyashukla176]

People in Gangetic valley knew and travelled very little about Multan Aditya Surya temple because Sindh and Multan were cut off due to Thar desert.

[@tusharnagpal266]

​@@parjanyashukla176They didn't have to travel through Thar, but through Punjab. They also crossed through the Barmer region of Rajasthan.

[@parjanyashukla176]

​@@tusharnagpal266 Some people might have travelled definitely, but generally speaking, during Gupta rule, Buddhism and Vaishnavism seem to have prevailed in Gangetic valley. And Sindh for sure has been cut off from Indic history since a very long time. Nobody knows what went on Sindh even during Janapada era or after that for at least 1,000+ years.

[@markaxworthy2508]

Another massive gap on my knowledge filled!

[@candrealx]

Sir pls make videos detailing Telugu history, my humble request

[@therajasthan767]

One video on acinet rajasthan

[@kratuvam7]

early literary mention is Mahabharat then what about Sapta-Sindhu region in Rigved?

[@Divyanshu69420]

100TH LIKED ❤

[@nityamsarad9903]

next video on ancient history of jammu

[@therajasthan767]

ONE Video on Ancient Rajasthan. What was the history before gurjar prathihar in Rajasthan. We don't know history of Rajasthan before 7 th century .

[@punjabiraj2869]

Please also make a video on history of ancient punjab

[@anaesthete5592]

Already made one on Gandhara

[@D__Ujjwal]

​Kt would be Khyber pukhtinwa@@anaesthete5592

[@akhripasta2670]

Punjab comes from Panchanad(Five Rivers)

[@maddagedonroshan970]

have you foegotten theorigin story of sindh in puranas

[@TheContrariann]

Leftist-Marxist's propaganda peddlers do not give FĶ about Puranas, Vedas, etc.. they only care about things that that they can use to further their Agenda.

[@punjabiraj2869]

Initially Sindhu was 5he region of western punjab east of indus river. In those days present day sindh was called Sauvira. After hunnic invasions people of sindhu migrated to Sauvira and they renamed this region on their original country Sindhu. Gradually word Sauvira got dropped and this lower Indus valley continued to be called Sindhu or Sindh.

[@randomturd1415]

Thanks for some explanation on another underrepresented region

[@ABHAY_DEV_ARYA]

❤❤

[@miraadi97]

Are these faces on coins and carvings real faces or dramatic adaptation by artist in ancient times ?

[@lemontartsproduction]

Check the resources mentioned in the description

[@rashmikantsahoo1728]

It's your duty to search about it,he shared what he knows.

[@alpha-vs1fx]

They are real , no reason to dramatasize coins.

[@anaesthete5592]

Real, most of them are issued in the time period of those rulers but they probably did made them more handsome than they actually are

[@magma9000]

LOVE FROM KARACHI, ALWAYS NICE TO LEARN ABOUT MY COUNTRY HISTORY 🇵🇰♥️

[@Worldcitizen7777]

It's not Pakistan's history Sindh was always part of India

[@ayushkumarsingh3029]

Ancient Pakistan sarrrr😂😂😂😂😂

[@ShubhamKumar-vd9xy]

No naa wo humein apnaa maante hain aur naa hum unhe halaaki hum kaafi similar hain but still mazhabi nafrat beech mein sa hi jaati hai​@@Worldcitizen7777

[@GIGADEV690]

​@@Worldcitizen7777There was no India sorry to burst your bubble

[@GIGADEV690]

People here are hating Pakistanis thinking they're so smart.

[@singhizhem]

I remember you mentioning that Alexander built pillars in Punjab and also on an island in the Sindh to mark his extent. Could we get a video about this?

[@arindamparua2852]

We see many marvellous temple architecture of ancient times through out all India but why there is no evidence of the ancient palaces of Ancient Indian Kings. Please make a video about this topic.

[@jeon_ni_na]

Can you tell me the name of the software you use to create these maps?

[@JayVardhanSingh]

Photoshop

[@gravewalker34]

jayadratta was a very prominent character in epic Mahabharata, shows its importance in Indian history. I suspect that In Mahabharata Madra king Shalya is uncle of yudhishtheer comes in from west to aid and join them in war. this is very symbolic. I think madra was medians/Iranian before Persians, medians were ruling the western regions.

[@redskoda14]

There was a difference between Madra(Punjab) and Uttar Madra. Uttar Madra bcome the Madas become the Medes for the Greeks. Uttar Madra was north west to Parsu(Persia). Uttar Madra was part of Aryavrat. The loction of Uttar Madra is around modern day "Azerbaijan,Kurdistan,Zanjan,Hamdan" provinces of Iran.

[@suhash137]

Please make the vedio on urban decay in ancient india 🙌

[@rupinattri3883]

Sir did Jats migrated from the Sindh to present day north west India , please I want your insights on this take

[@jujharsingh5461]

This theory was manufactured by Irfan Habib but now he himself has rejected on basis of inscriptional evidence

[@venchingfu]

@@jujharsingh5461 Everyone migrated from North-West to interiors to India, Jats were likely an Aryan tribe who migrated to India for livelihood

[@Playerone1287]

​@@venchingfujats are no way an Aryan tribe

[@parjanyashukla176]

​@@Playerone1287 Jats are basically a kind of Indo-Iranic tribe who simultaneously followed farming (or hunting) and fighting (peasant + warrior), which contradicted these two occupations as being part of the work of two different varnas as per the classical division of labour accepted in this land.

[@anaesthete5592]

​@@parjanyashukla176 indo -iranic?

[@samchalohana4423]

There was a Rao Dynasty ruling Sindh and Jutch before Brhamins i e Raja Chach, the names Sahsi and Sehras Rao 1,2and 3. Alexander passed by the region and was anazed by cotton fields and weapons of war, he came under a cross fire was hurt by a flying knife the wound never healed ,and a verbatim is that has he got himself treated here may be he was saved as were other warriors by the local organic treatments.

[@paulomi9351]

Yeah What Pakistanis say about their pre-islamic ancestry: All those whose title is Sheikh are Arabs: The fact is that all Sheiks are either converted from Kashmiri Pundits or from Khatris like Saigols. All those with title of Mirza are descendants of Mughals: This is only partly true, as most of the Rajput converts and even non converts were given the title of Mirza like Mirza Raja Jai Singh. All those with the titles of Saiyyad are true descendants of Mohammad: This is mostly fake. People took this title to extract respect from common folk. Although there are some true Saiyyads , The first Saiyyad in Sindh married local Sindhi Hindu girls(As per Kitab ul Hind by Al Beruni) thus even the true Saiyyads have local Hindu blood from mother side. All those with the title of Awans are Arabs: While the first census of India was being carried out in 1870, the british officers find it very difficult to distinguish Awans from Hindu Rajputs as their customs were astonishingly similar to Hindu Rajputs. The current effort on the part of Awans to align with Arabs is for the same purpose as elicited at point 3. Dilip Kumar(Yusuf Khan) the film actor is Awan. All Arains are also Arabs: Till Jia ul Haq usurped the throne of Pakistan, Arains were comfortable with their Hindu ancestry. They were and are vegetable growers and gardeners. With Jia’s elevation, Arains suddenly became Arab for obvious reasons. All with the title of Janjua are Arabs: In Suleman mountain, coins of Maldev Janjua has been discovered. This is a matter of Shame for Janjuas rather than pride as they have framed themselves up as Arabs. All with the title of Wattu are Arabs: They are infact Rajputs but prefer to call themselves as descendant of Arabs but shy away at the proposal of DNA test. Khokhars: Khokhars call themselves descendents of Arabs but actually they are related to Jats, Hindu Khokhars created havoc in the Army of Mahmud Ghajnavi when Jaipal attacked Ghajni to take it back in around 980-990 AD. Hindu Khokhars killed Shahabuddin Ghori on the right bank of Indus near Attock in 1203 AD. There are still some Hindu Khokhars in India. All with the title of Khan/ Pathan are actually Pakhtun and all Pakhtuns are Afghans and all Afghans are the lost tribes of Bani Afghana of Israel: The theory was promulgated in the medieval era but is refuted by DNA test. Some Pathan as told in the beginning are recent converts from Rajputs. Afghans have some Tadjik elements also. Pashto is an Indo-Iranic language and is not related to semitic language. According to Farishta, Afghans including Pakhtuns were Hindus and Pagans before their conversion to Islam. Muhammad Ghorí’s great grandfather Shansban was Buddhist. Similarly Tigin Shahis were turks and were Buddhists before converting to Islam. Khan is the title of adopted by any noble Hindu convert to Islam , some times even barbers also used this title after conversion. However every Khan wants to identify with Pakhtuns. All Ansaris are those Madinites who helped Muhammad in Madina: Ansaris in the Indian subcontinent are converts from weaver community of Hindus. They took this title as a semblance of respectability. They are still in the job of stitching, weaving and tailoring. All Quraishis are those Quraishi clan to which Muhammad himself belong to: Qureshis in India are converts from Hindu Butchers or Kasabs. They took this title for the same reason of respectability , It was a clan decision to convert and clan decision to take this title. However there are Jats , Rajputs, Gurjars , Khatris, Kashmiri Pundits and Ahirs in Pakistan who acknowledge their Hindu Past. They proudly keep their titles as Bajwa, Randhawa, Johia, Tomar, Deol, Rathore, Chauhan, Minhas, Salaria, Salathia, Shan, Rana, Raja, Satti, Bhutto, Lohani, Bhatti, Jadoun, Sumra, Samma, Sasan, Ghil, Maan, Gujjar, Katariya, Khatana, Kapur, Kohli, Sethi, Saigol, Bahal, Kakar, Khatri, Bhat, Rao, Rangher. Some Pakhtuns’ title like Sarwani, Shahbani, Shahukhel, Kakar,Khosa, Bamzai, Karzai, Sadozai, Barakzai, Mahmand, Suri, Khattak, Afridi, Shermankhel, Mahsud, Lodi have in themselves definite Hindu and even Greek connotations. Greek historians Plini, Strabo and Sanskrit Grammarian Panini has thrown some light on the people living in what is now Khaibar Pakhtunkhwah. Also with little linguistic retrospection above tribes might be previously known as Suryavanshi, Shahvanshi, Shahkul, Kakar, Khosa, Vam, Kar, Sat, Varak or Virk, Mahamand(Or great Mand: Mand was a Shaka tribe), Sri, Shatak, Aparitai (Greek tribe), Srimankul, Mahashudra(Shudra was not a non Aryan tribe, rather Alexendar fought with Kshudraks a warrior tribe, Sud is still the title of Khatris of Punjab who are upper caste), Lydoi(A Greek tribe). Thus we can infer that these tribes originated from Hindu or Greek ancestors even the Yusufzais call themselves as Isap in their own gatherings, this Isap is the same as Aspesians who under their queen Kripi gave brilliant resistance to Macedonians under Alexendar the great in Massaga(some where near Peshawar) sometime in 327BC. Kripi in Greek sources is mentioned as Kleophis. Kalash kafir people of the Chitral and Hunza still worship Mahadev and Yimraj and follow a primitive Vedic religion. Only 2000 left now as rest are converted by abduction of girls and forcibly conversion of men. They were masters of a province of Kafiristan in north east Afghanistan till 1896. In brief, some 20% of Pakistanis are estimated to be from Turkish/Afghan/Mughal/Arab origins and rest 80% of purely indigenous. Among these 80% , mostly they were Hindus or a mix of Hindus, Buddhists, Animists and Zoroastrians at the same time. Even in the remaining 20% there is substantial hindu blood from mother side 😊

[@HarshGupta-rs4pl]

What about Gandhar and Taxila, in between Mahabharat period and reign of Luv and Kush in Afghanistan!

[@uprightwalkingape3483]

Persian wouldn’t say S and replace with H Meanwhile capital of Darius is Susa. Two S स in it. They had no problem pronouncing Saka Scythian. Instead of repeating unsophisticated argument try talking to native Punjabi speakers and see how much they replace S to H and vice versa without thinking about it. Hindu to Sindhu is Punjabi linguistic trait not some Sanskrit or Persian thing

[@parjanyashukla176]

Most of these words are Hellenised versions as recorded by Greek historians. Ancient Iranians hardly left any records. Darius = Dara Scythian = Shaka Not sure about Susa.

[@uprightwalkingape3483]

@@parjanyashukla176 no. They come from Persian inscriptions. Those are written documentations. Cyrus is written as Kuru. Hindush is written in Susa and Persepolis. Susa and Saka are as it is in ancient Persian. Persepolis is Parsa, Pasargadae is Pars-gard in Persian. Yes Greek terms are different but there is evidence of Persian. Ancient Persian script was named Aryan script by Darius in Behistun. These are all documented on stone

[@parjanyashukla176]

@@uprightwalkingape3483 I already know what you said - compared to Greek records which are textual and elaborate, Iranic records are somewhat summarised and minimal. Unfortunately due to Western Eurocentric historiography, we see mainly Hellenised names. Some more examples: - Artaxerxes = अर्तक्षर्यष (one who knows the land on the basis of Rtam) - Achaemanid = हक्षमनीष (Having a friendly mind) These names are pure 100% Sanskrit the kind of which isn't seen even in Puranic texts.

[@uprightwalkingape3483]

@@parjanyashukla176 Vedic language and ancient Persian are dialects of same language not different languages. That’s why Zend Avesta and Rigveda are so similar. Modern Indian languages are at equally distance from ancient Persian and Ancient Greek as they are from Vedic language. Classical Sanskrit is totally different league. Classical Sanskrit is contemporary of Parthian. Which is also present in Zend Avesta

[@razaramzan7313]

I have always wondered about the replacement of S with H sound in native Sindhi language. There is a large score of Sindhi words that contain H sound instead of S sound of the same words in Hindi or other sister languages. Here are few examples: Year= VarSh/BaraS= VarHiy'a Ten= DaS = DaH Twenty= BeeS = VeeH'a Thirty= TeeS = TreeH'a Forty= Chalees= ChaleeH'a Fifty Nine= UnSath = OunHath Sixty one= EkSath= EkHath Grass = GhaaS = GaaH' Like = JaiSa = JaiHa Country = DeS = DeH Foreign = PardeS = PardeH Man/Human= ManuS/ManuSh= MaanHu Flesh= MaaS = MaaH/MaaS (both used) League (distance)= KoS = KoH And so on..... I am not a linguist or hold any kind of expertise in the filed to address this issue, however this is my personal opinion that the inetrchangebility of "S" & "H" sound is native phenomenon rather than a foreign influence (I might be wrong). I would like to hear the expert opinion on this.

[@bhatti123xyz]

Proud to be sindhi

[@greatkaafir7478]

Great Rai Kshtriya Kingdom 🙏🚩

[@inthehindsight]

European historians constructed the Indian history as per their own narrative. What is the meaning of possibility when there is clear cut description in Raghuvamsa.

[@nimoy9416]

This one was meh video compared to your other videos on Sindh. Sindhis have completely forgotten and lost control of homemade records of their history, mainly after the collapse of the samma dynasty. It is remarkable how little knowledge we have of this region, considering the fact that Sindhi language looks the language of the more literate class. History needs to be dug up. Language tells a lot one needs to know about its people. S-h happens the most in Sindhi, right down to as basic atuff as numerals. It may well be that the locals called this region Hindus.

[@plain8]

History of Rajasthan

[@royarnab26]

Is it safe to assume that physical traits & looks of present day Sindhis & Gujaratis were descendants of the Shakas & Parthians coz they ruled over this part of India for a long period of time & gradually intermingled with local populace!!!!

[@anaesthete5592]

No, mostly sindhis and gujaratis are very IVC shifted, they don't have significant foreign ancestry, even their steppe ancestry is relatively less compared to Punjab or the gangetic plain but maybe some of them do have shaka or parthian ancestry but that would be very negligence percentage

[@royarnab26]

@@anaesthete5592 I just want to know where & how these foreign invaders gone after their empire fell apart. They gradually mixed with local population. The Mighty Mughal empire was an example... Their royal families & nobels after British brought end to their rule intermingled with local fell Muslims on India & they were just land lords, having havelis in Delhi & Agra. Similarly the Greeks they were marginalized & they themselves were secluded from rest of the Indian society but their is significant dna in Jats of Punjab, Haryana & among Khatris in Punjab. Their is a belief that Kushans were Gurjars in North India. Gujjar title Kasana came from Kushan might be the possible link & Shakas were the Jats tribe having nomadic tribal ancestry all along Indus Valley in Pakistan till western UP.

[@anaesthete5592]

@@royarnab26 well we don't actually know what exactly happened to them, for example we can assume a lot of them have got mixed with locals like you said which is true to an extent but when we look at the dna of the modern people from these regions where these foreigners ruled we don't see any significant genetics mixing especially with the Greeks, Greek ancestry is absent in subcontinent, some theories suggest it's because Greeks were the elites and few in number and the strict endogamy in Indian culture also the Greeks army was mostly bactrians not exactly greeks it was only the ruling class who were the actual Greeks which make sence because BMAC ancestry is high among North Western part of the sub-continent especially the west Punjab region. About kushans being descendants of Gurjar, maybe they are but genetically not much cause the ancient kushan samples from Bactria don't really cluster with modern Gurjars, kushans were very high steppe, high BMAC, Anatolian with some north east asian, while modern Gurjars are very High IVC, relatively high BMAC, with less Anatolian and with decent amount of steppe, and no north east asian, maybe they are descendants of kushans but got Indianised through the ages, the closest modern population to these ancient kushan samples are groups like tajiks and Pamiris And about jats they are not an homogenous group, jats from haryana are very high steppe while jats from West Punjab are very High BMAC and the sakas had east Asian ancestry which is absent in jats

[@randomturd1415]

Not really Some gangetic castes have more steppe lol, it's just that communities are also high on aasi. Gujarat and Sindh is highly IVC shifted, which is quite explanatory

[@samchalohana4423]

The region today's Sindh Kutch and Thar were neglected or un visited by mainland Indians and so is it's history and Sindhi migrants of 47 were never taken seriously initially and also they had to survive themselves first,,in doing So their version was lost, it's as late as 80s 99s era when Maratha people started to admiring their hardwork and courage, vut the region is lost to Pakistan and no kind of Archeological survey can be careied out as the whole focus is on Muslim Sindh now after MBQASIM

[@ujjwalkumarray4786]

Made video pre Islamic pashtun religion in form of Vivid description।

[@randomturd1415]

Won't find much. Pashtuns start being mentioned frequently, really late in the history of Afghanistan

[@ujjwalkumarray4786]

Pre Islamic religion of pashtun baloch to be discussed in details.

[@D__Ujjwal]

Gandhar is what modern day Khyber pakhtoonwa

[@tahirmuradbhutta3632]

Tatshous..suravia ....mouriya.... Selusah. ..bscterisd .dimetrors ....dumitrs ..sungu ....pushinhutti...

[@IamJustAli]

You put the picture of Kamal Ataturk for William Woodthorpe Tarn.

[@gangadharhiremath7306]

It is highly dubious to use Kaalidas as a historical source because no one knows exactly when he lived.His period hangs btn BCE 200 to CE 800 in the discussion of historians.

[@shashlek5751]

Make a video on jaats

[@therajasthan767]

Sapt Sindhu = hapt hendu(punjab) ; Sindhu = hindu= hindush= indus= india

[@ramupadhyaya4423]

सिंधु कहिए,सिंधू नहीं

[@abdulqayyumgoraya3843]

Incisive

[@therajasthan767]

You show only real facts . Mostly historian trying to show Hinduism power.

[@Playerone1287]

They aren't historians Even you make such videos Kuch bhi boldo, log Maan hi lete hai

[@jyotivyas9286]

आपको क्या

[@therajasthan767]

@@jyotivyas9286 why you jealous ?

[@sanjaysingh-kl2om]

According to him mythology in mahabharata is true Thats history Why dont u write puran

[@ghfgbb872]

Kya joker ho yaar tum. You have no idea how historians construct history.

[@alpha-vs1fx]

Please try to learn and get educated before making such comments

[@parjanyashukla176]

In ancient times, people did not have time to waste writing history. People would have laughed at you.

[@D__Ujjwal]

You will be surprised to know that Bible, Jewish torah, vedas, avestan. All are considered historical books

[@parthkhanolkar7916]

Bro a lot of myths are exaggerated versions of real history. For example We don't know whether ramayan is real. But we know that koshala was a real mahajanapada kingdom and was ruled by the solar dynasty.

[@John_O_Connor]

Why are Indians vlogging about Pakistani states?

[@hulkhogan8339]

is there a rule against it ? he is a historian sharing his knowledge . there's nothing more to it