The Evolution of Mammals (Every Mammal Family Explained)

Table of Contents:
Introduction (0:00)
The First Synapsids In The Paleozoic (0:38)
Mammal Ancestors In The Mesozoic And The First True Mammals(3:47)
Monotremes (9:29)
Eutheria (10:51)
Marsupials (11:45)
Placentals (17:08)
Placentals: Atlantogenata (17:57)
Placentals: Euarchontoglires (20:38)
Placentals: Laurasiatheria (28:15)
Mammals are a fascinating group of animals that can be found everywhere on Earth, from the land to the seas to the skies. From small rodents like mice and rats to behemoths like elephants and whales, mammals are found in all kinds of shapes and sizes, occupying numerous environmental niches. This rich grouping of animals comprises a vast network of different lineages and in this video I want to explain the origins and the spread of mammals. As such this video will be broken up into two parts: in the first I will cover the evolution of mammals, and in the second I’ll be going over the major extant orders and explaining every living mammalian family.
Image Credits:
WillemSVDMerwe
Julio Lacerda
Sources:
Handbook of the Mammals of the World
Steve Brusatte
Twitter: / animalorigins

[@timothymoore8549]

I absolutely loved the video one small complaint is I wish you would’ve brought up humans when you mentioned great apes I think it’s very important to acknowledge that we are also animals especially since a lot of people don’t actually know where we fit.

[@deninetate]

I was thinking the same thing.

[@calgaryhockey6991]

It's because the science isn't settled yet. While most humans seem to share the basic characteristics of the other great apes, there's undoubtedly human beings who seem to fit more closely with weasels like MY TWO TIMING SOON TO BE EX HUSBAND MARKUS

[@deninetate]

@@calgaryhockey6991 LOL

[@djdedan]

I second this. Strange misstep on an otherwise amazing vid.

[@kevinrogers4747]

@@calgaryhockey6991 are you saying we are probably closer to the weasel-scoundrelogous then the noble gorilla-goodagous ? i think i have to agree with you

[@navrongo3524]

Periodically referring back to a family tree would have been very helpful for orientation. Good video.

[@scintillam_dei]

No. It's shit.

[@timrautanen9696]

Cv

[@ivayloivanov4735]

Same thought. Very nice video nonetheless

[@eleSDSU]

You might want to give Aron Ra's playlist about our family history a look. It goes from eukaryotes to humans in a lot more detail over aprox 40 videos.

[@L98fiero]

Almost information overload.

[@xel_nave]

Knowing about early synapsids still baffles me. I'm used to thinking since I was a child that reptiles basically ruled the land and our ancestors only got a chance when the dinosaurs died out so it's still a pretty wild idea that our ancestors (or those our ancestors are related to) were the dominant group before even the dinosaurs.

[@Predation_records]

Dominant on land not in the sea and sky

[@smallestcharles]

@@Predation_records Neither were dinos, you had different marine reptiles dominating the seas during the mesozoic and pterosaurs in the skies, it was only much later until the dinos started dominating the skies with the first birds (and small footnotes of flight in dinos before the birds like with Yi qi)

[@kayboy6055]

Mammals are the best. Always

[@richardp2309]

Think, Monday Morning QT

[@demonking86420]

​@@Predation_records the pterosaurs, mosasaurs, ichthyosaurus, and plesiosaurus aren't dinosaurs...

[@hollylogue494]

I was raised in a Young Earth Creationist cult environment and I want to thank you, so genuinely, for being so thorough and easy to understand.

[@freddie6307]

good on you for getting out! science is fascinating

[@RobespierreThePoof]

Do you think that religious movement is in decline yet? Just curious. Glad you had the nerve to see past it

[@daniellewillis2767]

You should go on Cults to Consciousness and talk about escaping this belief system/society.

[@hollylogue494]

@@daniellewillis2767 thank you for the resource I can't wait to learn more.

[@scottfoster3445]

A young earth what I'm more interested in that cult Wtf

[@PantheraRex]

No way, I was trying to make a phylogeny of every mammal family coincidentally. This is amazing. Just finished Ferae, now I'm starting with the Ungulates

[@Tripoderoo]

Convergent evolution huh

[@HkFinn83]

I like the two toed ungulates best

[@adamgallyot9063]

You're doing it too huh??? Incredible. I finished Ferae. I'm moving into Cetaceans where I completed Odontoceti but in progress with Mysticeti

[@zacharyberry2534]

Just curious but did google offer you this from search history or were saying them out loud?

[@kaarlimakela3413]

Checkout a tree of life created over at the Useful Charts channel.

[@ThePlayfarer]

Makes me appreciate just how varied us mammals are.

[@loneprimate]

We, not us. You wouldn't say "us are". Just because you stick "mammals" in the middle doesn't change the grammar.

[@ThePlayfarer]

@@loneprimate I wouldn't say "us are" on its own, but the sentence does make sense with the word mammals in it.

[@ryalloric1088]

@@loneprimate In contemporary English, the objective/oblique case "us" is typically used in constructions where it's separated in some way from the sentence, such as here (it's called a "disjunctive pronoun"). Hope this helps! (Disclaimer: I am not a linguist)

[@hallooos7585]

But we are the least colorful group of animals though 😢

[@macadelic2492]

@@hallooos7585 i think we come in way more variety than other individual species.

[@baleighhoenshell3304]

when i was a kid i was obsessed with animals, i wanted to be a vet or a marine biologist or a dog trainer or a herpetologist or a conservationist, list goes on and on. as a result, i used to get tons of nonfiction books as christmas and birthday gifts, huge encyclopedias and hardcover treasure troves of information. but i was so so young that i enjoyed moreso the concept of these books than actually being able to appreciate all the information, and unfortunately i had to donate almost every single one in high school, with the thought process that my childhood animal-dreams were dead. this video is so close to those euphoric memories i had of reading through all those books, except now as an adult it actually makes way more sense and is. honestly that much more fun. thank you so much for giving that back to me and reminding me how important it is and was to me

[@clemnthyme8700]

im taking mammalogy this semester, and it really helps to have such a nice overview of mammal phylogeny. i can only imagine how much work this took! amazing job!

[@WaterspoutsOfTheDeep]

Here is a paper you might find interesting. It went over 5000 species of mammals and found evolutionary process cannot produce mammals over 3kg, 7 lbs. Marcel Cardillo et al., Multiple Causes of High Extinction Risk in Large Mammal Species

[@bruhmania7359]

@@WaterspoutsOfTheDeep what

[@mokarokas-1727]

@@bruhmania7359 - He mentioned a paper they might find interesting, considering them taking mammalogy that semester, then added the writer and title of it. What do you not understand?

[@mokarokas-1727]

@@WaterspoutsOfTheDeep - It doesn't say that it "cannot", only that it brings more risks.

[@WaterspoutsOfTheDeep]

@@mokarokas-1727 The biologists’ study of 4,000 land mammal species spanning a body mass range from 2 grams to 4,000 kilograms showed that the slope of extinction risk against six established predictors of extinction becomes steeper with increasing body mass. In particular, a sharp increase in extinction risk occurs at a body mass of three kilograms. Above this size body mass “extinction risk begins to be compounded by the cumulative effects of multiple threatening factors,” the authors note. The team’s study establishes that land mammals with large body sizes possess extinction rates that are orders of magnitude larger than the most optimistic speciation rates. Consequently, mammals with large body sizes cannot be the product of natural process evolution.

[@whatabouttheearth]

"these animals were not reptiles". Thank you! It drives me nuts when people say mammals came from reptiles, Reptiliomorpha is not Eureptilia (reptile), Eureptilia is down from Sauropsida, the sister clade to Synapsida.

[@TheScrootch]

Yeah, I heard some people mention mammals were derived from reptiles - which I thought was pretty odd

[@tobiaschaparro2372]

Eh, the classical groupings of animals are descriptive rather phylogenetic, and were defined before Darwin released his theory of evolution. Reptilia isnt a valid clade unless you include birds or exclude Crocs. So imo we should keep the og definition of reptile and use it as a descriptive term.

[@Lankpants]

Even using the term "reptile" in talks about taxonomy is pretty questionable. Reptile is a roughly descriptive term for things with scales that lay eggs. It doesn't work very well taxonomically because you always need to add the asterix "excluding Aves", meaning it's paraphyletic. Generally speaking the term sauropsids, which notably includes birds is preferable. Using the common definition of a reptile might include some stem mammals, but that's just because the term is old, bad (scientifically, fine for general use) and hasn't kept up with modern scientific knowledge.

[@Lankpants]

@@tobiaschaparro2372 Excluding crocodiles doesn't really fix the problem. You also need to exclude turtles which are more closely related to crocodiles than lizards. This leaves you with the group Lepidosauria, which are just lizards, snakes and the tuatara.

[@whatabouttheearth]

@@Lankpants Reptilia and Eureptilia are actually monophyletic clades, unless someone doesn't count aves, which makes no sense.

[@YuBeace]

I just saw so many animals I had never seen before, even those who weren’t extinct and I somehow still hadn’t known about. The world is so vast.

[@DanielDavis1973]

Fun Fact: Placentia is a bit of a misnomer because the Marsupials also use a placenta. The difference is in the length of time the babies remain in the womb and stage of development when they're born. Placentals keep the baby in the womb much longer than marsupials and have a much more developed placenta.

[@michaelanderson7715]

Placentalia

[@DanielDavis1973]

@@michaelanderson7715 yeah. Oops.. Typo on my part

[@HuckleberryHim]

I think the placentas have different evolutionary origins though. Several other animals also have a placenta-like structure; I know some live-bearing sharks do. Of course since eutheria and metatheria are very closely related these structures could be commonly derived, or both evolved in parallel along very similar lines. I would imagine much more similar to each other than shark placentas at least

[@Ibian666]

Honestly did not expect to sit through this whole thing. Very interesting to see whales progressing from horrifying rat/gator hybrids to the noble creatures we have today.

[@nchan4679]

Smh

[@silverjade10]

Hey man.... Those little dudes couldn't help looking like eldritch abominations. They were doing the best they could with the cards they were dealt. Luckily, IG and TikTok hadn't taken off yet... Cuz no amount of face tuning and filtering would have made that omelet body plan any better. Instead, they lived out their lives feeling fabulous.

[@crhu319]

Everyone can aspire to be better.

[@ozymandiasultor9480]

The beauty is in the eye of the observer. Evolution is a process of adaptation to the environment, not a beauty pageant. Besides, I don't think that any living thing is more beautiful or ugly than other, the point is survival.

[@Ibian666]

@@ozymandiasultor9480 Naked mole rats.

[@ivanscottw]

I'd love to see series on the evolution of arthropodes - Insects - Arachnids and consort - Crustacean - You name it (probably missed some).. The evolution of mollusks - shelled vs non shelled.. why and how... - gasteropods, cephalopods, bivalves Also a video about the emergence of symmetry (axial, bilateral - notion of up and down/head and tail - evolutionary advantage of each strategy) in the Animalia kingdom, and the evolution of non-symmetric animals (sponge, corals..) and how symmetry emerged ? (Jellyfish ?)

[@reubenmanzo2054]

I thought crustacean was a mollusk.

[@refindoazhar1507]

@@reubenmanzo2054 Arthropod is the word that you're looking for

[@NannupTiger]

I love this stuff too, I'm just a stay at home mum but the evolution of life on Earth is fascinating, the continuous evolution of our planet and the other planets and stars in our solar system. I don't know anyone else like me, socially...they are either religious, ignorant (don't care) or too busy etc. Many will argue that 'insects aren't animals , fish don't feel pain or god planted fossils to test our faith' . I wish I had studied this stuff for a career and not just seen as a joke, being an 'walking animal atlas' it seems that the natural world is very over looked, by most.

[@Marine5D]

I don't know if we can handle 5+ hour long video

[@CliffCardi]

Good luck. There are more species of insects alone than all other forms of life combined.

[@ScreamSodaInc]

I am way too excited for this

[@Subfightr]

Me too :)

[@hidesbehindpseudonym1920]

Me three

[@laylanahar]

u not alone bro!

[@hey.3249]

Your mom

[@doburu4835]

said the mammal, bias

[@glenngilbert7389]

You've done a fantastic job - now I realise how outdated my knowledge of mammal lineage actually is

[@matimus100]

Mammals aren't creature's wtf

[@natalieeuley1734]

Mammalia: Most of our families have less than 5 species. Each one is so diverse :) Insecta: Hold my wings

[@michaelanderson7715]

"Mammalia: Most of our families have less than 5 species" - absolute TRIPE! Such a clueless statement

[@prototropo]

It's really illuminating to have all the clades mentioned, with selected illustrations. Because otherwise, I think it's too easy to settle into our easy memory of the big or charming mammals, like tigers, rabbits, armadillos, bears, kangaroos, beavers, antelope, platypus, lions, boars, zebras, sloths, elephants, bats, giraffes, moles, rhinos, foxes, anteaters, porcupines, monkeys and whales. In other words, all the animals that get a place of honor in childhood media programming because they lend themselves to caricature for graphic images and personality for animated cartoons. But those media ignore the beauty and intrigue of rare, unexpected and less familiar species of the enormous mammalian evolutionary tree. Consequently, even adults with PhDs in mathematics or chemistry might not know the difference between the sugar glider, flying squirrel and fruit bat, and how distant or different their origins. The distinctions we easily absorbed about dinosaurs, thanks to great books and movies about them, haven't been extended to the general grasp of equivalent distinctions in mammalian evolution. Most people, for example, assume seals, manatees and whales are closely related, which is far from the case. The reasons they have dramatically different ancestry are utterly fascinating, and yet the evolutionary history of mammals are probably far less understood by the supposedly educated public than are dinosaurs, living reptiles or birds. How many kids or science-literate adults can confidently describe the differences between monotremes, marsupials and placentals? Probably far fewer than those who can explain the pterosaur, ichthyosaur, dinosaur divide. And that ignorance begins with widespread unfamiliarity about the earliest branching of synapsids and sauropsids, far earlier in the history of terrestrial animals than almost anyone understands--many millions of years before dinosaurs thundered over the Earth, or into our imaginations, or across modern movie screens! The film and book industry really should see the mammals' story, in the Cenozoic especially, as the goldmine it could be for educational textbook and entertainment creativity. Oh, and perhaps museum collections, university graduate programs and research grants, as well?

[@michaelnancyamsden7410]

&j

[@Dr.IanPlect]

"the evolutionary history of mammals are probably far less understood by the supposedly educated public than are dinosaurs, living reptiles or birds." - to be clear, as your wording may be construed otherwise; birds _are_ dinosaurs and dinosaurs _are_ reptiles "How many kids or science-literate adults can confidently describe the differences between monotremes, marsupials and placentals? Probably far fewer than those who can explain the pterosaur, ichthyosaur, dinosaur divide." - hmm, I'm not so confident here! I'd say the tendency is the other way; the general public think pterosaurs and icthyosaurs _are_ dinosaurs, just aquatic types! Whereas with those 3 mammal groups, a vague bit of gesturing and mumblings of 'eggs', 'pouches' and 'live birth' may be heard!

[@prototropo]

@@Dr.IanPlect Oh, glad you emphasized the lineage--yes, hopefully people realize birds are dinosaurs, which are reptiles. But it seems misleading then to insinuate birds are reptiles, when the larger truth is that all those descend from the sauropsids, just as gorgonopsia and cynodontia were not a true mammals, but we share with them the synapsid lineage. It great to hear kids are making those distinctions. When I was little, we were told dimetrodon was a dinosaur and mammals descended from dinosaurs!

[@Dr.IanPlect]

@@prototropo "But it seems misleading then to insinuate birds are reptiles, when the larger truth is that all those descend from the sauropsids" - I don't understand why all reptiles being descendants of sauropsids makes classifying birds as reptiles a problem?! - it goes; sauropsids evolved to archosaurs, which evolved to reptiles, which evolved to dinosaurs, which evolved to birds. What's misleading?! It's a descendant lineage, nothing misleading. "just as gorgonopsia and cynodontia were not a true mammals, but we share with them the synapsid lineage." - yes...?

[@ARCtheCartoonMaster]

So like… am I the only one who read about these phylogenies as a kid?

[@douglaspaulson9190]

This video must have been a lot of work. It turned out great. Thank you.

[@billyr2904]

Humans are just another mammal, and shouldn't be ignored. Simply because we can use complex communication methods doesn't mean we aren't mammals. Why you exclude humans from the video is beyond me.

[@mry586]

We're not a mammal s

[@scottfoster3445]

Of cause we are u fool

[@Mephilis78]

Because it goes without saying.

[@Mephilis78]

​@@mry586Reeeeeeee

[@romanr.301]

@@mry586We are. We share all biological characteristics that most placental mammals have. We give birth to live young who gestate in a womb and are fed through a placenta. We feed them milk when they are too young to eat proper food, we have hair, and we are warm-blooded.

[@tagAught]

If anyone finds the evolution of mammals as fascinating as I do (and I imagine most do, who watched this video), I highly recommend the book "The Rise and Reign of the Mammals" by Steven Brusatte. It goes over all of the evolutionary details in depth, and explains the terminology as well.

[@tuckercaldwell4965]

This was awesome! I love how in-depth you were despite covering such an enormous group of animals I'd love to see more videos like this!

[@carolynrosser1574]

Wow, I have not heard of many of these animals yet I watch LOTS of animal documentaries. I would really like to see more details of the strange/unusual ones.

[@dubistverrueckt]

Even familiar animals don’t get documentaries. For example, when is the last time you saw one about rabbits or hares? They are fascinating animals with complex behaviors, emotions and intelligence resulting in striking individual personalities as entertainingaand endearing as those of dolphins and apes, yet no documentaries except 1960s junk calling them “rodents” “prey” and “pests”. Even this video practically ignored them. 🐰

[@Shvetsario]

@@dubistverrueckt Especially humans. I'm studying humans and they're interesting creatures, always egotistic, starting wars, etc.

[@dubistverrueckt]

What? Humans get way too many documentaries. On the other hand most of them are BS because it doesn’t suit their neuroses developed from self-imposed domestication. Once the truth begins to come out it gets suppressed angrily and violently, which is a shame because we’re a naturally loving 🥰 species like bonobos and have forced ourselves to become violent distrustful and territorial like chimpanzees. This is why I have come to love hares and rabbits. They have our emotions and sophisticated gestures and body language and the complex intelligence and social behaviors that result from this. If one offends another, they hold grudges, but then the offended one forgives the offender, then they make up.

[@mokarokas-1727]

@@Shvetsario - You just have to bring people down, no matter how non sequitur it is, huh?

[@ChrundleTGreat]

Thank you for putting this video together!! I actually learned a few things! Like the fact that Javelina and Peccary are NOT wild domesticated pigs like the invasive “wild” boars you see on KZbin being killed by the dozen. This video had my interest the whole time! And I’d love to see you put out a video about each family.

[@Anonymous-sb9uh]

As a mammal, I must say that we rule!

[@lorddraco1359]

We are Mammal ;))

[@Mephilis78]

For now

[@anniecampbell3170]

i used your channel in my sources for a mammalian evolution essay i did for my finals and now you have a whole video on the subject lol i love ur content sm

[@WaterspoutsOfTheDeep]

I hope it was on how evolution cannot account for mammals. There was a paper published that went over 5000 mammal species and found evolutionary process cannot produce mammals over 3kg, 7lbs. Marcel Cardillo et al., Multiple Causes of High Extinction Risk in Large Mammal Species

[@jonny-nava-367]

Imagine if he included way more extinct families.

[@nanoscorner7120]

(looking at Amphicyonids and Desmotylian, and others)

[@FionaOfMountLawley]

@@nanoscorner7120 kzbin.info/www/bejne/d3erZGCPatKJpLM

[@Svensk7119]

Borophagines.

[@loneprimate]

Yeah. Imagine that. Another 20,000 species who ate bugs and never got to the moon. HO HUM. Tell me about out mammalic triumphs, not our failures!

[@GenesisTheKitty]

@@loneprimate smhhhh you should learn to appreciate knowledge for the sake of knowledge! Without that, we would never have figured out about the triumphs either!

[@allenbanks910]

Good god, this is a crazy amount of information to put together! I enjoyed just sitting back and listening, every once in a while recognizing one of the names (particularly for the earlier ones). Thank you for doing all of this!

[@AnnaLuna]

Yes, I'd love to see individual videos about the mammal families! Thanks so much for making this. I appreciate all your hard work. I recently found out about all the cool bovidae that I had never heard of or seen. I'd love to see a video about them!

[@stephss]

There are some people, who believe that humans are not animals. This was really informative, ty.

[@ZeFroz3n0ne907]

Great video! (Also, that clip of the brown bear was taken up here in Alaska on the Kobuk river, about 300 miles from where I live.) Love the channel! - From Dave on the amazing and beautiful Kenai Peninsula, Alaska!

[@brachypelmic_]

I really adore this video so much. I have watched it so many times. It is so hard to find videos like this with a personality. I am looking forward to seeing if this channel does anymore longer videos like this. Absolutely brilliant!

[@huntercool2232]

I am beyond impressed with this in depth documentation on mammals

[@coherentmud]

I think this should be nominated for the video of the year. Bravo sir.

[@olivercheeseman8227]

I'd recommend watching Aron Ra's Systematic Classification of Life series. Covers all of this stuff & more in much greater detail. kzbin.info/www/bejne/d4m0gZKIYt6cq9k

[@alperrin9310]

Absolutely incredible amount of work and knowledge in making this video! I am impressed. Kudos!

[@hkschubert9938]

Best summary of mammalian evolution and fossils that I have ever seen or read, thanks!

[@djr093r5]

Fantastic video. That was a real labour of love, kudos on the hard work, and it was very well presented, and highly informative. Well done! 😊

[@rachelooyama-searls3316]

I love this longer content! Also the editing is great lol

[@ramonbezerra3334]

Well, just a sugestion from the bottom of my heart: put the name of the cited animals with their picture. English is not my first language and although I can understand it perfectly, sometimes it's very difficult to get the names correctly to do a little research to learn more. I guess I'm not the only one. But that's just a minor thing, the video is great, love it.

[@robertrocheville7769]

A couple of things to keep in mind. English is a mixed up language so it can be hard to know what it is without knowing what it is (probably what you were looking for) and... A bunch of those names aren't English.

[@ramonbezerra3334]

@@robertrocheville7769 Yeah, man, that's exactly my point. Most of those names are traditionally in Latin, not english. Even when the person who gave the name is english speaking person. Buit their pronounciation is difficult for us. I'm brazilian so speak portuguese as my first language. A latin language. I think that's why it is so difficult for me to understand when an english speaking person is saying all those names in latin. When I finally manage to find it and compare the written word to the pronounciation, it is just very very far from what I could ever understand. That's not a problem, of course. Not a downside at all, that's just how accents and lanuages work. But it would be a lot easier for everybody if the names would appear in a written form.

[@sister_bertrille911]

@@ramonbezerra3334 I agree with you that captions are always welcome. More information is better than less information, especially with something as well done as this video. Try turning on the closed captions in English. They are far from perfect, but they will help you figure out enough of he names to be able to look them up.

[@ramonbezerra3334]

@@sister_bertrille911 thanks for the suggestion and support. But yeah, I've tried it and, like I said in the previous comment, the problem is that even the captions get it completely wrong. Because they are words in latin. And the AI is tring to match them with an english pronouciation. Didn't help me at all in this case.

[@YuBeace]

This is why I always ask for closed captions! Not just because I want to know how things are spelled, but also because I have some auditory processing problems. On a good day, I won’t need CC, but on a bad day I can’t watch these videos at all! :(

[@ikbelsoua]

wow. great work. you spent so much effort and time on this. and it is eye opening to me, this depicts how close all mammals are. in fact, boundaries are hard to define between groups. thank you

[@robertldooley8262]

Hi, sadly just don't have the time to read all 1,400+ comments but I was not surprised to see how much praise you've got for this amazing feat of compilation. Like others I had no idea some of these creatures exist today and, like others, I've spent my life watching natural history and wildlife programs. I'm not an academic in any way, just an armchair viewer, but wow, what a lot of well presented info. My own take from this..... sorry if other commenter's have already pointed it out, isn't it amazing to think that everyone of us, every single one of us, somewhere down the line has the same common ancestor..... perhaps the same SINGLE common ancestor. Great video thank you so much.

[@pixies646]

Terrific video, thanks. A series of one episode on each of the mammalian families would be awesome!

[@gattycroc8073]

since you mention multituberculates I would like to see a video on them since there were longest lasting lineage of mammals.

[@eriakitten]

Ty so much for this video!!! This has, I kid you not, had the easiest to follow summary of mammal evolution I've found so far, especially relating to the separation of placental mammals and marsupials. Speaking of, I'm going to check out your other videos, but if you haven't done an in-depth one about the marsupial/placental split please do 👀

[@JuanGomez-le6tu]

I would love to see a video covering the evolution of birds! This was amazing

[@sherry-annsasmellyshrew6516]

This Shall be Exquisite

[@GalaxyCatWoman]

Just came across your channel and I just had to subscribe. The determination to get through all those scientific names is second to none. Thank you for this video it will make it a lot easier to understand 🙌😊

[@mrmosty5167]

I was a bug guy for a long time, still am, but recently became more interested in mammals. Even though there are probably few species than things like birds of fish, the phylogeny is still insane. It seems like so many species have convergent counterparts somewhere else. And I still can’t get over that hyrax are related to elephants

[@markbloomer4500]

Beautiful and very comprehensive overview of mammals.

[@reneeglover4819]

Love the drawings and the humor! You made me laugh while learning! Thanks :)

[@halozoo2436]

Thinking about it, I think that it's safe to say that Cynodonts did have fur to some extent, given that there is evidence of fur from some type of animal in a coprolite from what I've heard. Even if we don't know exactly what the fur came from, it's safe to say that at the very least, the closest group to mammals probably had fur since their descendants are confirmed to have had fur. Even if it turns out that the fur in the coprolite is from another group of synapsids, it would still suggest that Cynodonts had fur since if a more disant branch of synapsid had it, then the closer one probably did too, barring convergent evolution of course.

[@Rudol_Zeppili]

We don’t know whether gorgonopsids had fur or not, there currently (as far as I know) isn’t anything that points to either conclusion.

[@xenotundra3346]

I didn't expect them but I was still hoping for antechinus to show up, they're kinda like shrew-bandicoots and are very interesting and unique. Also the males commonly mate until exhaustion and death during the season lol.

[@randa3.078]

Great job, homie. this video is awesome. so informative and entertaining and soothing.

[@beanny39]

What a fantastic channel! I don't know how it's taken me so long to find it.

[@Rubiastraify]

Thank you!! Yes, I can see this took a lot of work. Fascinating! It would be great to see the family tree at the end of all mammals. Probably would be tiny on the screen!

[@TheHolyTreeMan.]

This video is amazing, i love how he goes from very serious explaining to “goofy headed”

[@raulcheva]

This is an amazing channel. I'll watch this video again a couple of times ! Thanks for sharing your knowledge ❤️👌🏻

[@frogwknife3825]

I need a video or series that goes through every single animal special alive. I will spends days binging it.

[@SuperManning11]

What a delightful presentation! I will be watching this again tonight-fascinating stuff, and the presentation is brilliant!

[@WightWaIker]

I just wanted to say You Did a Good Job Creating This Video-- I like how you show images for every Genus, (when available) and have spellings with scientific names as well... it was overall informative, and also at times had some comedic moments that shows you are a real person, and not just some man-made program, running audio script, sounding dreadfully dull... I kind of like those moments where you question things, and whatnot... You Earned a Like and Subscription from me. Thanks for the upload. I will likely check more of your stuff out in the future. Have a good one.

[@user-dt3rj8qm3k]

This video deserves an award. Such indebtedness. My brain melts. Thank you

[@gamerghxst]

Appreciate your work on this video… Would love ones on amphibians, reptiles and birds also.

[@Jacob-yg7lz]

This is amazing content! I'd love to see something like this for birds!

[@jackofalltrades3378]

Fantastic work. The tree of life gets even more bizarre when you go past mammals, tetrapods and vertebrates into their predecessors like the Craniata, Chordata, Deuterosomes and then if we elucidate key differences between insects and mammals, insects and worms, radiate animals like jellyfish, etc., even taking it back to our relationship to mushrooms would be a fascinating video for you to work on that would get my views.

[@888jackflash]

I just wanted some basic info regarding the shift from reptiles into mammals.. got SUCKED-IN to the REST of this incredible video and learned exponentially more about mammals than I ever knew. Good job! Whew! I need a BEER.

[@mistersir3020]

One of the reasons theorized for the supremacy of archosaurs (incl. dinosaurs) over mammals during the Jurassic and Cretaceous is that dinosaurs had the bird-like single direction breathing system, while the mammals alternate between breathing in and breathing out. The dinosaurs had an advantage in the low-oxygen Jurassic climate.

[@seborrowx]

This is not only the most informative but most cute so much cute rodents

[@mera2494]

Such an Amazing video!! I enjoyed it very much!! Very intriguing!! Thank you so much for making it!! :D

[@williamblansett5786]

Great job! I think more about each family is interesting as well.

[@anthroposlogica9379]

Can't wait to see this!

[@dontmindmeimjustchilling]

mammailians RISE UP proud to be a member of the most GOATED philum

[@thalia3057]

We do indeed have the most goats.

[@dontmindmeimjustchilling]

@@thalia3057 Def, we def have the most GOAT'd goats

[@jimivey6462]

Wow! What a monumental task you took on! Thank you so much for doing this.

[@VictorianTimeTraveler]

It's very cool to have a concise overview of all mammalian families.

[@uliuchu4318]

I have a request (If you haven't done this already and I missed it somehow): The diverse (and now mostly considered polyphyletic und thus defunct) group of insectivora (shrews, moles, hedgehogs etc.) and where are they now. I always find it a group whose taxonomy is hard and confusing to research ... but it's a fascinating group that somehow kept the typical mammalian shrewlike body plan which almost every mammalian lineage seems to have derived from in its beginnings.

[@tjarkschweizer]

He referred to this group at multiple points in the video because it is an outdated grouping and the animals that it contained are actually often very unrelated to each other.

[@paulochon7692]

It was amazing. Great job !

[@ultimaIXultima]

that was so much info, but incredibly amazing. loved it!

[@caracal82]

Amazing summary. Mamalology is my favourite branch of zoology and thx to you I have a good source to learn entire mammal taxonomy by heart :D

[@WaterspoutsOfTheDeep]

Marcel Cardillo et al., “Multiple Causes of High Extinction Risk in Large Mammal Species You'll find that paper interesting then. They went over 5000 mammal species and found evolutionary process cannot produce mammals over 3kg/7lbs.

[@vladimirlagos2688]

Awesome video as usual. My respects for all the hard work that was clearly put into this very ambitious work!

[@uberpinguin]

love to see any plant or animal taken back to its earliest confirmed ancestor, and get to see not only the path that brought it where it is, but the offshoots that both still and no longer exist today. Like elephants and their many relatives, or how roses are related to some fruits we eat commonly, and how that came about. I really get into that.

[@mouse9831]

Cracked up early on. A really cozy video, thank you!

[@idelsagil9129]

Monotremes 9:29 Xenathrans 10:51 Marsupials 11:45 GREAT VIDEO!

[@DanaWebb2017]

Amazing how many different species he can go through and group them into subclasses classes.

[@keithschurr8753]

I just think you vocabulary knowledge and skill is absolutely incredible. Nearly all of the different mammal families, sub-families, groups, etc., etc. have names that are outright tongue twisters one of the reasons my grades in biology classes were horrible when I was a kid even though I loved those classes and was fascinated by them I just couldn't read or say or remember most of them. But they roll off your tongue like water of a duck's back . Impressive!

[@voornaam3191]

Learn Latin first. For Yanks it is obvious, you must speak Spanish. Learn that, and then go back to biology class. You have a language problem, not a biology problem. What kind of dork was your teacher? Jee, you LIKED those classes and they killed your fun?! For real? They must fire such teachers! All of them.

[@brianvernon7754]

thoroughly enjoyed this! Thank you for such a comprehensive look!

[@pyrodude5119]

I always wanted to learn about mammals evolution. Thanks for the video.😊

[@yaeldragwyla8170]

This is a very well-done video. I haven't noticed any errors of nomenclature or subject matter in it. Please, let's have more of these! 😀

[@yaeldragwyla8170]

Also, I loved the humorous bits. 😀

[@gex6095]

Mad respect that was quite the video and very well done 👏

[@professoraristotlemeans8860]

Amazing video! I'd love a deeper dive into Vermilingua

[@surly_mel]

This is an excellent comprehensive look at mammalian evolution. Thank you! I'm hoping more youth become interested in this history, they might better appreciate the bountiful life we have on this planet.

[@caesumcrimson6381]

Wow blown away by the detail in this video! Mammoth task (or should I say mammal task haha). Keen for more content on this channel!

[@robertstone9988]

The colored footage of the tazy tiger is crazy. It looks like it was shot yesterday.

[@artificercreator]

Amazing 🏆! Man, it isuper well researched, but over all of it... there is something... It is so funny, super good jokes (the simple art style it is perfect for the narration)! Seeing a serious and dynamic style of narration while those animals are just doing silly things is so funny! It is a super good footage compilation!

[@Adroit1911]

Your annunciation is on point!! Nice video! I really enjoyed it

[@aarond.rosenbaum9935]

A terrific accomplishment - thank you very much. As you expand upon this truly seminal work, you might consider discussing/summarizing the environmental factors that are believed to have driven the speciation of each clade - as if you have nothing else to do! I hope this video becomes an essential part of how evolution is taught worldwide. Superb and admirable!

[@muhammadeisa1459]

You make excellent videos and deserve a lot more love and a lot more subs

[@lasse8445]

I give you a standing ovation for this video. I loved every second. Very good job! 

[@johannel1895]

Thank you very much for you effort! Really insightful with so many animals I've never seen before.

[@DamageLali]

I just found your channel and I have to say it's one of the best I've come across in a while! Great video:D I was a little sad when humans weren't mentioned as being a great ape xD it would be a nice tidbit to remind everyone that we're not a totally separate lifeform altogether - just glorified apes :p

[@ennothedishonorable5530]

"And the great apes, such as gorillas, chimpanzees and Oranutans" I feel like there is a pretty important entry missing here...

[@Dr.IanPlect]

'such as', was the operative part, it was a few examples, not a complete list. And we're nothing special.

[@ennothedishonorable5530]

@@Dr.IanPlect Depends on what you mean with special. Because many people don't see humans as animals, and therefore wouldn't list us with them, which is bullshit. We are definetly mammals. But within the great apes we definetly stick out (be it the lack of hair, the tool use, that we live on every continent or whatever reason) and I feel like to show the whole picture and fix misconceptions it's worth mentioning humans. Edit: I missed the Opportunity to quote the bad touch and I am truly ashamed.

[@Dr.IanPlect]

@@ennothedishonorable5530 fair point

[@indigo478]

@@Dr.IanPlectlmao we definitely are special though

[@meerabellenbaum6092]

What a wonderfully educating video! Many thanks!

[@nancyshinn2037]

Wow, fantastic. Well done. The pics were amazing. Very interesting and valuable information. You get the prize for longevity. Your hard work shows.