Are C♯ and D♭ same? Interval & Octave explained: Music & law of frequencies

[@Quasarbooster]

I've had trouble understanding this music concept for a long time. People would just say it's done a certain way because "it sounds nice", which was never satisfying. Thank you for explaining it with the historical and math/science context! Now it makes much more sense. I'd love to see more music related videos. :)

[@tacitus_]

This is one of the geekiest, most interesting channels on KZbin. Great video! Thanks!

[@kolomast2541]

Hello Bisq. I'm 26 years old master of history who recently decided to change his career to Software engineer after really depressive period in my life(completely self-taught, landed my first job at the start winter of 2022). Your videos are quite interesting and just to say you gave me hope and inspiration(which I've been in dire need) because I am thinking about going to university for a second time(saving up money for the next 2 years), this time Computer Science. Some said that I am a bit old but seeing that you went for it means a great deal for me. Thank you for inspiring me, stay strong and healthy.

[@Bisqwit]

Thank you for writing! I wish you success in your studies.

[@harrisbrown6800]

Ignore those sensationalists who say that. Those people live by and for their youth. They go straight from HS to college, and have a lot of sex and parites if they possess physical attractiveness. It's a very vapid lifestyle and also very popular. Ask yourself if that's the calibre of human you want to regard an opinion of.

[@ignaciosavi7739]

​@@harrisbrown6800what's wrong with sex?

[@ignaciosavi7739]

Cool. Glad to hear you transitioned from a field to a different field. It's inspirational

[@harrisbrown6800]

@ignaciosavi7739 Nothing. My point was many just go to college because it's adult daycare and Zoomers go because they are lonely or something.

[@thsstphok7937]

Hey, bisqwit would love see a live stream of you lerning something new. Like "googling" things, reading tutorials and praticing. I don't know if it is a bad idea, but your live streams are something else. Thank you for this gem content!

[@xtdycxtfuv9353]

Wonderful video, Bisqwit. I'm glad you had the time to produce this, and that I could watch it 😁

[@Bisqwit]

Thank you. I filmed all the footage in August 4, 2022, and recorded most of the narration in the days after that, but then began school and it took until five months later when I could continue working on this video.

[@marsereverlyn]

I watch all your videos on programming, logic and any other topic, because they all contain valuable ideas. You are one of my best inspirations as a multi passionate person. Thank you very much, Bisqwit

[@ibm5155]

the fact that Bisqwit answers ppl is amazing

[@thisismyalias]

What is amazing about that?

[@Bisqwit]

In my experience not many video authors do that. Some do.

[@BitwiseMobile]

As an audio programmer this hits the sweet spot :). To me a note is just f0 * 2^(n/12), where n is the number of half steps between the notes, and f0 is usually 440hz (A4). :D It's the intervals that matter. You can label the notes whatever you want, but at the end of the day it's the interval that matters to music. That interval feed directly into the frequency, so to me a note is just a distinct frequency among many. A chord is a composite wave made with multiple note frequencies. It's as simple as that.

[@Bisqwit]

Yes, that is how it works in equal temperament. But it also means that all notes (except A) are slightly off, as _every_ interval except the octave and its multiples are irrational. It’s simple for programming, and good for most purposes, but it’s also off tune. The pure perfect fourth is f₀ × 1.3333…, but with equal temperament it becomes f₀ × 1.3348398. The pure perfect fifth is f₀ × 1.5000…, but with equal temperament it becomes f₀ × 1.4983071.

[@BitwiseMobile]

@@Bisqwit equal temperament was designed for pianos, and keyboards are primarily the number one instrument in a digital audio workstation. From a programming perspective, which I am, and I am an audio programmer, your fidelity will always be limited by the fact that IEEE floating point arithmetic is inherently inaccurate, so adding the inaccuracies of a tempered scale doesn't really make much of a difference. Plus with DAWs you aren't typically matching pitch with other players. If you are making an orchestral piece it's easy to match pitch and key numerically.

[@Bisqwit]

> so adding the inaccuracies of a tempered scale doesn't really make much of a difference. This is false. There is quite a big difference, relatively speaking. The difference between the pure perfect fourth, and the equal-temperament 5-semitone interval, is 1.9555 cents. (Calculation: (ln(2^(5/12)) - ln(4/3))×1200/ln(2), which simplifies to 1200(⁵⁄₁₂ + log₂(¾)) ). In contrast, the difference between the equal-temperament 5-semitone interval, and the same value but expressed in 32-bit IEEE floating point where _twelve_ least-significant mantissa bits (out of the 23 that are stored) are replaced with garbage, is 0.476 cents at most. (Calculation (in C): #include #include const long double good = powl(2.0l, 5.0l / 12.0l); float ok = good, bad = good; int main(){ *(unsigned*)&bad ^= 1023; printf("ok=%.12f bad=%.12f difference: %.16Lf cents ", ok,bad, 1200*fabsl(log2l(bad*1.l)-log2l(ok*1.l))); } ) Typical losses in precision are significantly smaller, for example an addition of two values of same magnitude only loses at most 2 bits of precision. For six bits of garbage, the max. imprecision is 0.0085 cents. And it is nowadays typical to use 64-bit floating point rather than 32-bit floating point, gaining another 29 bits of safety margin, so you would have to sacrifice like 38 bits of precision before the effects would become even remotely noticeable. 100 cents means the interval of one semitone.

[@xravenx24fe]

Always a great time to see that you dropped a new video, heck I'm still working on learning everything in those logic videos. I love the topic too, music is great and the topic of intervals and accidentals could use someone like you to explain it thoroughly and concisely. God bless and thanks for the video!

[@Bisqwit]

I should make another video in the logic series some day, explaining semantic trees and perhaps adding to the natural deduction. But right now nothing is urgently under the plans. Thank you for writing!

[@chimebirdplayer3327]

I'm happy to see you're back on KZbin after a long absence. You just taught me things about music I never learned back in school.

[@crtusr]

Really ilustrative, the fact that you took the time to differentiate between both major seconds (10/9 and 9/8) is noteworthy. A minor detail to note: The minor sixth of C is Ab (since G# would be an augmented fifth, that one of the reasons why you get different results), the same happens with A# and Bb.

[@Bisqwit]

Thank you. Concerning G♯/A♭ and A♯/B♭, there was contradictory information in Wikipedia at the time I was researching for this video. I used the material I had.

[@domi_dreams]

YES !!! Finally a music theory lessons - please, do not abandon them, as these are crucial in my gamedev process of understanding music and trying to put some crappy score with FL Studio for once :)

[@piratescove4]

Bis, I've been a fan of yours a long time. Quite a bit of stuff I really have no idea what you are talking about but holy crap i love to hear you talk about it. You are an awesome person. So glad your still uploading, so happy.

[@DiggOlive]

I was familiar with equal temperment, but never realized that it means that C# and Db are actually notes with different frequencies depending on the key. Very insightful thank you!

[@Bisqwit]

You may have mixed up something. In _equal temperament,_ C♯ and D♭ are identical - that is, 4 semitones down from F and 3 semitones down from E gets you the exact same note. It is _just intonation_ where this is not the case. A major third down from F gets you D♭, but a minor third down from E gets you C♯, a different note.

[@xSIXAX]

Always refreshing to watch a new video of yours!

[@55sombreroman]

Always glad to see a Bisqwit video in my inbox. Hope you are doing well.

[@ZaneChandy]

Great to see you again, Bisqwit!

[@neos_hackerspace]

I love that you do music theory now too!

[@caldog20]

Hope you are well. Can't wait for another programming video

[@ukrajinskasvoboda8529]

I know that I literally just talked shit in my last comment but I really want to emphasize the genius and effort required to gain this kind of particular understanding for music as deep as Bisqwit's and others, this guy is a one in a million deal.

[@Bisqwit]

Well, I haven’t seen your previous comment…

[@AT-zr9tv]

Great video, thank you! One thing you could have mentioned is that just intonation (i.e. the one with fractional ratios between note frequencies) is the natural approach to tuning when you sing or play a chord. It's impossible to sing in equal temperament with other people, which is why pop music (typically tuned in equal temperament) sounds so strange to my ears.

[@rsavage-r2v]

Even worse when the vocals are autotuned to 12tet.

[@LasRozasDeMadrid]

I thought C# is Microsoft's Java

[@bumbread5989]

Jb

[@DiggOlive]

C# is C++++

[@anon_y_mousse]

@@DiggOlive You mistyped the minus key.

[@tusharagarwal5306]

​@@anon_y_mousselol

[@MA-naconitor]

For keyboard- and fixed fret- instruments, this was a problem before equal temperament. So much so, that there are still historical pipe organs, that have keys for both D#/Eb and G#/Ab. Try and search for "Quarter-comma Meantone with split sharps".

[@Bisqwit]

Related link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/bXjLcqiQfZujntU

[@MyAmazingUsername]

Thanks, this is really fascinating. It's interesting to see all the math and history behind the music scale.

[@cgibbard]

One possibly surprising thing is that even though on the piano notes like G# and Ab are the same, an audible distinction between them can still remain even in "ordinary" music, because of singers and fretless instruments where people are playing their part by ear, and so at least aiming for the pure just ratios (since that is where the interval is most consonant). If you play an E on the piano, and then ask a singer with a good ear to sing the G# which is a major third above it, and then you play an F on the piano, and ask the singer to sing the Ab which is a minor third above that, the Ab ought to come out 29.3 cents higher than the G#. You can calculate this as 1200 log_2 ((6/5) * 2^(1/12) / (5/4)). So there's almost a third of a semitone gap there, which is quite audible if you were to put them right next to each other (but it would be kind of an unlikely thing to immediately go from one to the other). Auto-tune can make mistakes sound better, but if you're not careful and tune singing to the 12-equal grid, it can easily harm good performances by tuning them to our compromise designed to make instruments easier to build.

[@CodeParade]

Great video! It makes me wonder, what if each music note in a song was written/defined only by perfect intervals relative to a prior note rather than some sort of absolute frequency system. Surely there must be some examples... I've heard a lot of microtonal music before, but they're usually still equal temperament with some other value than 12.

[@Bisqwit]

Interesting idea! Classical symphonies are mostly designed to work with pure intervals, but modern music reworked with your idea might lead into a progressive shift where the value for, say, C, would shift over time. It would definitely be interesting to hear nonetheless.

[@NonTwinBrothers]

That actually has existed! Though not as a full composition. Adam Neely has a video on it called "Benedetti's Puzzle", if you repeat the same measure and restrict yourself to always be in tune the pitch will slowly rise. It's also the reason why choirs (at least where I live) tune to a piano before they start. I've been told sometimes they will deviate from the starting pitch overtime, lol

[@thalesfm]

Amazing. This is the first time these little idiosyncrasies in music theory made sense to me! I wonder why we don't see just temperament used more often nowadays? With electronic music especially, it seems like we could easily bypass the challenge of having to re-tune so often

[@Bisqwit]

That is a good question. Maybe it is because composers of electronic music rarely know of these things? Maybe because of software limitations? Maybe because shifting from thinking in terms of semitones and chords to thinking in terms of intervals is far from simple, at least from my personal experience.

[@G-F-D]

when i was taking music theory classes, i was very much so the odd one out in our class because i simply could not learn things in terms of whatever irrational mnemonic devices were in the textbook, and so the teacher always took time aside with me to help me understand things from a mathematical perspective so i could step through it logically. they had said my way of looking at music theory wasn’t incorrect by any means, just unusual. (though i would posit it’s most unusual in classical genres. i imagine electronic musicians tend towards logical analysis much more frequently. incidentally, they’re also more often self‐taught.) in these classes, there was some brief coverage of how we use an approximate 12‐note scale because achieving the ideal ratios consistently is not feasible, but it never went into a level of detail like this that explains the pure data and the names and conclusions made from it - probably because most students would be bored to death by it since they just want to dive into the material most relevant to modern classical music. i still think this understanding of the data and history is important, though! even with some formal classical education, i found this video interesting and informative, and it provided reasoning for a few of my idle curiosities. for further reading, check out the category of musical tunings on Wikipedia for some non‐western scale systems, and also take a look at the Jankó keyboard design for a “logical piano” that has no fingering bias across scales (how i wish i had one to play instead of my traditional piano!).

[@Bisqwit]

Thank you for sharing!

[@josh5457]

> logical piano Not to be confused with Jevons’s logic piano (an early computer with a cool name)

[@NeoAF10]

11:26 This has answered the question that I have been asking my self for quite a while : Why do some flats are basically the same as sharps, wouldn't it make it easer to just have one type? Thanks Bisqwit!!!

[@JoLiKMC]

This is… something new a completely different. And you know what? I _like_ it! As it happens, this is right up my alley. Now, if you can make a video describing the *exact* difference between a high-speed _arpeggio_ and a high-speed _vibrato…_ (: Also, nice cameo by the local trash truck. 👍

[@dontwanttousemyrealnametol6765]

Equal temperament (ET) can be described as tuning fifths 1/12 of a syntonic comma smaller than pure. The syntonic comma is the difference between the frequencies you'd get when tuning (a) two consecutive octaves and a pure third and (b) five consecutive pure fifths. For example e' is different when tuning either C-c-e' or C-G-d-a-e' pure. Historically most temperaments on keyboard instruments where a coupremise between quarter-comma (4/12) meantone and ET. In meantone, fifths Eb-Bb-F-C-G-D-A-E-B-F#-C#-G# are tuned very narrow (-4/12) in order to achieve perfect thirds. In this case Eb-G# sounds way out of tune. So many variants existed, depending on the preferred tonality: which key is played often? do we prefer pure fifths, or pure thirds? Also note that keyboards with split sharps C#/Db where not uncommon from the 17th century onward, providing the player with extra pipes/strings and keys on the keyboard to operate enharmonic notes while preserving a tuning with pure thirds.

[@rolandbrake]

thanks for the video Bisqwit you made my day 😊

[@mantictac]

Some minor intervals appear to have been mixed up. Minor third from C is Eb (not D#) Minor sixth from C is Ab (not G#) Minor seventh from C is Bb (not A#) This is the reason why the E major triad as shown in the video isn't tuned correctly. The G# is actually an Ab. This will also correct the Ab major triad. Also, about black keys between E and F/B and C, a pure major third from the augmented unison C# is E#, and the difference between this E# and the diatonic F would be exactly equal to the difference between G# and Ab as before mentioned. For a few centuries after the onset of keyboard instruments, there may have been keyboards with as few as 9 notes per octave (the diatonic scale + F# and Bb to account for the tritone formed between F and B--though I'm not sure if an instrument like this is known today) and as many as 36 (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archicembalo). The solution of equal temperament was approached very slowly, and may not have even been fully accepted in practice by Mozart's time.

[@Bisqwit]

In a way, you are right about the mixup. However, one of the sources that I read - Finnish Wikipedia - does list 6:5 ratio for both the augmented second (C-D♯) and minor third (C-E♭); likewise 8:5 for both the augmented fifth (C-G♯) and the minor sixth (C-A♭) and also 16:9 for both the augmented sixth (C-A♯) and the minor seventh (C-B♭). Because these pairs _are_ the same interval, it does not contribute to an issue with the E major triad that you mentioned. The English Wikipedia differentiates augmented fourth (45:32) and diminished fifth (25:18), while the Finnish one labels both (C-F♯ and C-G♭ respectively) as 45:32. The Finnish Wikipedia, on the other hand, differentiates the augmented unison (25:24, C-C♯) from the minor second (16:15, C-D♭), while the English one does not provide a ratio for an augmented unison at all. In both cases, I used the table that had more data (English for the F♯/G♭, Finnish for the C♯/D♭). But neither of them provides _any_ difference between D♯/E♭, between G♯/A♭ and between A♯/B♭. I had to choose which note to list in each of the three cases, and I chose the sharp for consistency and habit (although I admit the names would make more sense if I had chosen the flat instead).

[@mantictac]

@@Bisqwit Oh, that is odd. It appears Wikipedia has made an error in that respect. I wonder why the data would be more or less specific across different sources yet both contain similar errors. There is as much a difference between C# and Db as there is between D# and Eb and between G# and Ab. In general, with all enharmonic sharp-flat pairs like this, the frequency ratio of the flat is exactly 128/125 (an enharmonic diesis) that of the sharp. Ab is a major third down from C to create 8/5 as shown in the video, and this is the "bad" interval that makes a diminished fourth with the 5/4 E (32/25). G# is a pure major third from E with a 25/16 ratio against C. (8/5) / (25/16) = 128/125. 16/9 is an interesting case as this is actually a 3-limit "Pythagorean" minor seventh, achieved from stacks of fifths/fourths. A 5-limit "just" minor seventh is a pure minor third from a perfect fifth (9/5), and an augmented sixth is a major third from an augmented fourth (125/72). This monster chart lists every interval you could reasonably be expected to encounter, but regrettably it does not appear to be available in many languages: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_pitch_intervals The naming of pitch intervals is fairly regular and not generally subject to any idiosyncrasies like intervals having multiple class names (seconds are never unisons, for example). There are an uncountable number of 5-limit intervals, though-even in common use-so it is obviously forgivable not to list all of them. Regardless, I enjoyed the video. I wish the mathematics of intonation were taught in mainstream music theory as it can be very useful for many applications (singing, violin, trombone, etc.).

[@anon_y_mousse]

Really makes me want to pick up the clarinet again. Though, I really want to make one from scratch.

[@Tjp1337]

Top content as always! 💯👍

[@hammondeggsmusic]

“The Well Tempered Tracker”

[@FreeTheUyghurs]

On the differences between sharps and flats, although is often an academic conversation not applicable to the average musician in practice, you can see in tuning systems such as 19-notes per octave they are indeed discrete digits on the keyboard. The Cimbalo cromatico harpsichord for reference: kzbin.info/www/bejne/b5fJZKKDl9-Vnsk Equal temperament tuning is used for practical reasons you mentioned and always will be as long as we have physical instruments. However just tuning has its place in vocal arrangements or fretless instruments where we are not confined to digits. In my opinion we will see some rise in popularity of alternate equal temperament tuning systems such as 19 or 31 equal divisions of the octave (kzbin.info/www/bejne/aGSsnomCmt-JasU) as they provide more intervals for us, but any more granular in the divisions and we not only introduce too many notes for a performer to keep up with but even worse, many of those are wolf notes. Lastly, I want to point out other non-octave based tunings are worth exploring for music composition such as Bohlen-Pierce and it's 13 equal divisions of the tritave (3:1). I have spent the last 10 years working with and even developing software that isn't confined to the typical 12-note system but alas there are challenges in portability given the limitations of standard sheet music, MIDI, and music trackers.

[@Gunbudder]

hey, you got mentioned in the latest Summoning Salt video for your old Mario TAS's! i never knew you did them haha

[@ScottAtkins49]

Interesting, thanks for sharing!

[@odomobo]

Should be 1.059, not 1.59, right?

[@Bisqwit]

Oops, you are right! I can’t believe I didn’t notice that typo.

[@WildThoughtsAI]

Jeez, after watching several of his videos and how he had deep understanding of very specific topics such as some programing languages, logic, music, game and etc i came to the conclusion that certain people are definitely smart because of genetics. This guy can learn so many thing and learn it deeply not many people can do that so therefore i am blaming genetics😂

[@Ljosi]

I mean it's common knowledge that IQ is 80% hereditary, smart parents have smart kids, dumb parents have dumb kids

[@spidermila]

WOW a Scream Tracker! I remember playing with it back in the day :) good memories :)

[@harrisbrown6800]

Hey, Bisqwit, seeming that you were talking about intervals here, I was wondering if you had trained your ear before. I have, and it was satisfying recognising the intervals.

[@Bisqwit]

I don’t know what you mean.

[@harrisbrown6800]

@@Bisqwit Relative pitch. In the video, you mentioned about perfect pitch. Do you have perfect pitch?

[@Bisqwit]

No, if you give me a random note, I can’t tell which note it is, let alone whether it is perfectly in tune or not. I can only compare two notes to each others.

[@harrisbrown6800]

@@Bisqwit Ah, so you have trained your ear and do have relative pitch. That's what I meant by identifying intervals. Do you use solfredge to dicate melodies?

[@Bisqwit]

What is softredge?

[@tonym5857]

Hello, Mr B. is nice to watch your Videos I know you are a busy college student. Regards 🙏

[@alvs1d]

Hello Bisqwit. Can you please tell, when I visit your Github profile, you have a creation date of 2000. Can you explain how this happened because I know Github appeared in 2008 full release (although development started in 2007). Also, I would like to ask how often do you play computer games. How do you feel about the game Garry's mod and have you played it. Thanks for answers. P.s Greetings from Ukraine

[@Bisqwit]

Hello. Github allows importing existing Git projects, even if they predate the existence of Github. I don't play games often, and I have never used Garry's mod.

[@Marci124]

In Hungary we also use A-A#-B-H-C, I wonder how this got around. Especially strange since Hungary (by extension of the Kodály method) became kind of a catalyst in musical education, yet still ended up with the oddball notation.

[@OrangeShellGaming]

The practice of using H for what most others call B originates from Germany, where it may have originated due to confusion with the lowercase b in the Gothic typeface looking similar to an h, or it is from the German word "hart" ("hard"), as a leftover of the distinction once made between "soft B" (semitone above A) and "hard B" (whole tone above A), or even possibly simply because it was the next free letter available (as B was already taken for what others call B-flat).

[@Aleaths]

Hello, Bisqwit! Will you be doing more livestreams again at some point? They were fun :)

[@Bisqwit]

Maybe! If there is a good idea for it. Usually I don’t really plan my programming sessions in advance, so by the time I realize it could have been made a livestream, it’s already too late.

[@otto_ueue]

Really relaxing

[@marcsmithsonian9773]

Also, you can find interesting roolset made by old Aquantaince " Chaos" from Farberaush after he parted with Sanity ( demigroup) they made for them selves very optimized development envirnoment, which was used to make several 4k 64k and other demos ot features some powerdul cruncher, and sample generator , and other directx features .like you work on. Farberaush many years ago released it as freeware, it can be found on the internet.

[@gebbygebbers]

10:34 Thank you so much, now I can explain to my guitarist friends about this inconsistency in tuning 😂 they said I was hallucinating tho cus all guitars must be tuned starting with E (and idk if thats true or not)

[@Humble_Electronic_Musician]

Great video!

[@juliushowlett7247]

How do you keep coming up with these topics that I've always wondered about but didn't feel smart enough to research on my own? Now that you've given me the bug, gotta call you out at 2:15 where you're missing a 0 in front of the 59 (so it should be 1.059456)... Hey, you created this curious fact-checking monster... YOU MADE ME, BISQWIT!! ;)

[@Bisqwit]

Yeah I somehow missed the typo despite watching the video like 12 times before publication... I had to explain some of this stuff to someone, and I ended up studying a bit. So I wanted to turn my research into a video so that more people can benefit from it.

[@juliushowlett7247]

@@Bisqwit Well, I super appreciate it! You were in my thoughts as I watched Yo-yo Ma's performance today at Disney Concert Hall here in LA. He wasn't as well dressed as you but he played an encore of John Williams' custom composition (trio version - piano, violin and cello) of Schindler's List and it just about made me cry. Again, thanks for all that you do on this channel.

[@MB-rc8ie]

I thought that the reason for why some notes get the sharp/flats and others don't is the circle of fifths. Major scale has 7 notes. And these notes are always C D E F G A B for all keyes and then you add sharps/flats using the circle od fifths. So it is an easy system to know which notes are in which key Edit: It works for minor keys also

[@kallebanan1924]

Maybe this is just some arbitrary nomenclature, but what is it that makes the intervals based on factors of two and three "perfect"?

[@Bisqwit]

It’s essentially tradition. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interval_%28music%29#Perfect

[@kallebanan1924]

@@Bisqwit I see! Interesting. The page also mentions how the perfect fourth isn't always considered "perfectly" consonant. When I play guitar or piano I always find it sounds consonant in a dissonant context, but dissonant in a consonant context.

[@Bjarkediedrage]

So this is why every time I tune my guitar to one chord, another chord would be slightly off, so I keep on repeating the process using different chords until I get an average.

[@Bisqwit]

Indeed; if you tune to the equal temperament instead, then you will be successful on the first go. (All chords will be off, but by the same amount.)

[@bryphi77]

Nice purple unitard :)

[@Bisqwit]

Thanks!

[@bryphi77]

@@Bisqwit made me smile...

[@pete3897]

@@Bisqwit it was a bit much for me tbh, but I still very much enjoy your content and I'm glad that you dgaf and you just keep doing you 👍❤️

[@vomaxHELLnO]

Thanks!

[@KrossX]

At 1:58 that sounds like A3, that would be 220hz ain't it?

[@Bisqwit]

Yes, I think you are right. I realized this after I had uploaded the video and watched it like 20 times, and by then I was too busy with other things, so I just hoped nobody will notice…

[@KrossX]

@@Bisqwit There's always someone who will notice. 👀 It's alright anyway, doesn't change the important information. As this is a question I once asked myself and did nothing about it, thank you!

[@madmax404]

Nonni takasin sieltä teet videon vaikka halvimmista tavoista enkoodata videota eri rauta/softaratkasuilla tai teet simuloidun mars-internetin (sneaker/delaynet) ja suunnittelet miten sitä käytettäis oikeessa elämässä

[@user-pe7gf9rv4m]

Thanks you for New video

[@Arti9m]

Thanks! I remember Adam Neely's video on this topic and I immediately started creating perfect chords with software. I was quite surprised how different perfect chords were from their equal temperament counterparts. Side by side, the latter sound just ugly, however in today's regular songs I almost never notice it. I do, however, hear mistunings all the time when playing live or listening to live music, even when everyone is tuned seemingly perfect. I guess some other imperfections come into play and it becomes enough to trigger my "out of tune" threshold 🙂

[@MrBrax]

I've always wondered why some pieces are calle "X in C#" or whatever other scale, but how do you even define what a song is played in originally? The notes themselves can be played in any order without any rules.

[@Bisqwit]

The composer makes that choice. They decide in which musical scale it is to be played in, and then, I believe, they limit themselves only to chords that work in that scale to produce pure harmonies (or dissonant, if that is their plan).

[@juubatuuba8354]

Shalom Joel! Thank you for another insightful video! How are your studies? Will there be more music related videos in the future? Do you think its possible to calculate singal to noise ratio between harmonius music vs all possible sounds for a given time frame?

[@Bisqwit]

Thanks for writing! Many questions there. Studies are on track, and I balance what I can do versus how stressed I allowed myself to become. It is likely there are going to be more music related videos in the future, just like there have been in the past. I have none planned. I am not sure what you mean by the SNR question, but I would assume that an AI could be trained to calculate the ratio of pure intervals versus dissonant intervals in music recordings, by preparing a training set consisting of classical symphonies (and other musical works) played using different tuning systems, annotated with mathematically determined values.

[@Ljosi]

I know the full body suit is a SNES game reference but I can't figure out which.. Mega Man maybe? (but then it'd be blue, or w powerup?)

[@Bisqwit]

It’s not a reference to anything.

[@Ljosi]

@@Bisqwit but on the aliexpress link you posted even the guy model in the blue version is in a Mega Man pose...

[@Bisqwit]

Can’t see it, sorry.

[@marcsmithsonian9773]

I would preffere to learn why drawing bpitter line on Smiga you have to calculate octet.

[@Bisqwit]

Can you be more specific?

[@mantictac]

I have posted a response to my last comment with a little bit more clarification. I found another separate Wikipedia article that seems to go into extreme detail with pitch intervals.

[@Bisqwit]

Thanks for the heads-up. Turns out KZbin had put either it, or the previous post, to the "Held for review" tab from where I had to approve it (I would have noticed it anyway, though).

[@faxcorp]

What kind of purple suit is that and what its for?

[@Bisqwit]

Generally speaking, clothes are for wearing. I believe this is what I had in this video. s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_DBiJ3Ox (affiliate link)

[@faxcorp]

@@Bisqwit thanks

[@victorwidell9751]

@@Bisqwit There are also clothes meant to be taken off. Happy you did not choose to wear that kind. 😀

[@teachies902]

oh hello bisqwit. good morning

[@Bisqwit]

Good morning to you too.

[@Ramirez_20243]

BISQWIT!!! HOW TO BUILD YOUR EDITOR?! I CAN'T MAKE IT!!!

[@Bisqwit]

What have you tried so far?

[@BlackDevilSTi]

No "burp" this time?😁

[@retro8263]

When New video ??!?

[@Bisqwit]

When it is made ready.

[@retro8263]

@@Bisqwit i hope will be soon

[@docwhogr]

was this video an excuse to show off the purple unitard?

[@Bisqwit]

no

[@crenio5]

While I may not have met many highly smart individuals, I have a burning question: Have you ever encountered individuals who surpass your own intelligence? And why is it that someone as talented as yourself isn't working at esteemed game development companies like Rockstar or other renowned game studios? Furthermore, do you possess the ability to create the highly anticipated Unreal Engine 6?"

[@Bisqwit]

There are plenty of people smarter than me. As for working at a particular company, life paths go as they go. Usually working for a particular company would require physically relocating, which is a big step to take and not always viable for various reasons. As for UE6, there is no single person in the entire world who would possess that ability. Unreal Engine 5 is the result of countless man-hours of research and iterative development; number of papers from teams of doctors in computer science specializing in 3D graphics. While earliest 3D engines like Doom Engine were absolutely possible to master by a single person (it only took for one person to think of things differently), and even somewhat later Valve’s Source was probably too (even though they were team efforts too), I believe there is no one person who knows everything inside-out in UE5: it’s just way, _way_ too large and complicated.

[@Davi-c4q]

2:23 1.05946

[@Bisqwit]

Indeed; that was a stupid typo from me that I missed despite like 20 rewatches before publishing.

[@Koettnylle]

Nice outfit

[@Bisqwit]

Thanks.

[@piotras2137]

this purple suit made me feel uncomfortable

[@SoftBreadSoft]

Or did your thoughts make you uncomfortable

[@piotras2137]

@@SoftBreadSoft no. it was that suit and the stare

[@gebbygebbers]

it may be from the fitting of said suit. (perhaps... a larger size could work?)

[@AiOinc1]

I remember when this guy did videos on programming

[@Bisqwit]

Probably more than half of my hobbyist programming has somehow involved music. For example, a program that converts SPC700 programs into MIDI files, and another that plays said MIDI files using OPL3 emulation. This is actually the process through which most of the background music in my videos are made (none in this video, though).

[@arturefimov]

You missed the zero in 1.05946... 👹

[@Bisqwit]

Indeed I did… 🐧

[@jkyto]

The answer is: Yes but no.

[@adam7868]

Is there so something you dont know

[@Bisqwit]

Much. But when making videos, I usually try to research relevant stuff.

[@adam7868]

@@Bisqwit been playing piano nearly my whole life and you'll be surprised how much I still learn

[@CraftMine1000]

:D yay

[@Splicher]

I wonder if there's anything, you can't explain?

[@Bisqwit]

Much, but with enough study it can be helped.

[@Bat-Georgi]

On a 12 tone equal tempered system, yes.

[@mew2knight337]

idk if it's because you're finnish but you voice sounds like you're the old wizzard in an rpg 😂

[@mew2knight337]

Suoman I guess

[@Bisqwit]

Thanks! I know no magic, but I can often dispense information when needed.

[@mew2knight337]

@@Bisqwit ah and also I find funny that you look a bit like Javier Milei living in the opposite of the earth haha

[@Bisqwit]

@@mew2knight337 Who’s that.

[@mew2knight337]

@@Bisqwit new president of argentina lol, know who knows haha

[@kron520]

The purple bodysuit/t-shirt combo is distracting.

[@GameBacardi]

In Finland, we have this sport called mäkihyppy

[@1st_ProCactus]

@@GameBacardi I tried to milk a hippy once, all I got was stoned :D

[@1st_ProCactus]

So judging by what ever it is you're wearing, you don't get out enough

[@xtdycxtfuv9353]

You like making fun of differences do you? Hopefully you don't get out, then nobody would have to tolerate your intolerance.

[@1st_ProCactus]

@@xtdycxtfuv9353 your comment don't make any sense, Did you even try to read the comment you're posting about ? I'm not too sure... Ahhh, unless you have a matching outfit. You do, don't you ?