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In this video, I have explained Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Poisoning/ Spoofing, a Man-in-the-Middle (MIM) attack, with the help of Only the Animations.
1. In order to communicate in a Local Area Network (LAN), a device need to know the Media Access Code (MAC) Address, a physical address of other device.
2. Device already know the Internet Protocol (IP) address, a logical address of the devices it want to communicate and ARP is a protocol for knowing/ mapping the MAC address of a destination device to its IP address which it does as fol:-
a. Device has the IP address of gateway but it want to know the MAC of gateway to send traffic to internet.
b. It generates an ARP Request Message that who has the MAC address of this IP (gateway) and then sends that message to every device on the LAN.
c. Only the device with that IP, in this case gateway, respond by sending back its MAC address through ARP Response Message.
d. Requester computer registers that in its ARP Table against the Gateway IP address.
3. Now, ARP Poisoning/ spoofing is a type of attack in which a malicious actor sends falsified ARP messages to a victim device in a LAN, declaring itself a gateway so that he can redirect all internet traffic to the gateway towards his device. So he becomes a Man-in-the-Middle (MIM). He does that by doing following: -
a. Connects to any unattended/ vulnerable NW Port in the LAN and Get to know the IP address of Gateway.
b. Falsely send an Un-Requested/ unsolicited ARP Response Message that previous MAC of Gateway has been changed and new MAC is this (which is actually the MAC address of his device).
c. Victim computer since trust everyone on LAN there it registers that in its ARP Table against gateway IP and replaces the gateway actual MAC with the MAC address of hacker computer.
d. Victim computer now sends internet traffic to hacker computer by using new/ wrong MAC address of gateway which goes to hacker computer.
e. Hacker therefore sniff all internet traffic of the victim and passes the same to actual gateway.
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