Arrhythmia Overview - Mechanism of bradyarrhythmia and tachyarrhythmia

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"Arrhythmias mean loss of rhythm and is used to describe an abnormal rhythm of the heart.
Cardiac arrhythmias are accelerated, slowed, or irregular heart rates caused by abnormalities in the electrical impulses of the myocardium.
The heart is made up of four chambers the right and left atrium and right and left ventricles. Contraction of the ventricle ejects blood out of the heart to the rest of our body. All this is possible because of the amazing coordination of the heart's conduction system which is responsible for the creation and propagation of an impulse to the atrium and ventricular myocardium.
The SA node is the dominant pacemakers and initiates an impulse and causes contraction of the atrial myocardium. As the atrium is depolarised a P wave is transcribed on the surface ECG. After atrial contraction the impulse reaches the AV node. This structure generates a slow action potential and so there is a slight delay though this structure. Once the action potential traverses the AV node, it activates the proximal portion of the bundle of His, a specialised conducting tissue that generates a fast action potential. The period of time from the end of the p wave to the beginning of the QRS is termed the PR interval and is where the activation of both the AV node and bundle of His occurs. Abnormalities of conduction in the AV node and bundle of His are manifest on ECG as first, second or third degree heart block.
After impulse transmission through the bundle of His, the impulse is conducted to the right and left bundle branches which generate Fast action potential. The left bundle splits into the left anterior and posterior fascicles. The impulse travels from the bundles, fascicles and purkinje network, generating a fast action potential and resulting in rapid activation and depolarization of left and right ventricular myocardium. The depolarization and contraction of the ventricular myocardium is represented by the QRS complex on the ECG.
The contraction of the myocardium will eject blood of the ventricles into the aorta and pulmonary circulation. Following the QRS complex the T wave represents ventricular repolarisation, which is the time when the ventricular myocardium relaxes. Atrial repolarisation is hidden within the dominant QRS complex on the ECG."
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[@muhammadusamabinkhalid3057]

Sir Armando, PR interval = the time period from the beginning of P-wave to the start of QRS complex what you have taught is the PR-segment= from the end of P-wave to the start of QRS complex

[@drmounika2966]

Hi Armando....i am from india.. ur videos are amazing and really helped me alot will my post graduation prepare...thanks alot...love from india

[@amymunro1419]

Such a great video explaining arrhythmias! (Thank you from a 1st year med student)

[@deeksharao4282]

Great video, very useful to quickly and easily understand the concept behind arrhythmias as most videos tend to focus more on the ECG findings. This really simplified it and I think I’m going to be able to interpret the ECG better too. Please make more videos on arrhythmias especially the types of nodal blocks. :)

[@abhisheknarayansingh6245]

Excellent teaching by excellent teacher 👌🏻

[@minimedlessons]

Great video! Your videos are always so good! Your channel is one of the inspirations behind my own channel. Keep up the great work!

[@greenchilli9109]

You are a wonderful gift to this world.

[@BlackBerd966]

I just finished my final today and I’m a fourth year medical student and I just cannot thank you enough seriously during this pandemic I hope you have a blessed year and may god brings you happiness

[@yassingbreel7854]

Am fourth year too.. good for you keep going..

[@BlackBerd966]

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[@elfassimariam250]

Great as a quick physiopathology reminder before starting studying antiarythmic drugs ,thank you!!!

[@sheheryarshahid9193]

Short, informative, awesome lecture on arrhythmia

[@sivaswaroop8437]

thank you so much you make many of my exam preparations easier thank you

[@7alimohamedawaad695]

this is toooo detailed all i need is a fraction of this information for my project good job of making this video

[@fashioncollection9393]

Sir I m a big fan of u ...m from India .

[@ameenaftab2803]

Great simplified explanation. Thank you.

[@ahsanmalik3929]

This lecture is great. For a better understanding, you can watch Dr. Najeeb's lecture from his KZbin channel, and his premium lectures are also available on his website. He has explained everything about Cardiac Arrhythmias | Atrial and ventricular | Tachycardia and bradycardia and it's beneficial for me to understand the whole concept.

[@lapharmacie98]

It's like you can read my mind, literally today I was studying for my patho test and was struggling with arrhythmias...Thank you good sir!

[@ronjah7670]

la pharmacie same here. 😁

[@Hbm5566]

I can’t wait for you to attend my medical graduation ceremony 👍🏾

[@joelspidey]

Great video. To clarify, PR interval is from start of P.

[@vasudevpatel1657]

Want to mention same😊

[@rawandmohammed5642]

Yes and i think the QRS is not ventricular contraction, its ventricular depolarization, ST segment is ventricular contraction.

[@joewilliam1183]

Yessir

[@ameenullah3584]

@@rawandmohammed5642 from R to T venticular contraction occurs,,,and at T wave recovery occurs,,,

[@omeria1]

Dear Armando, thanks for many great videos. What you referred as PR interval is PQ segment. For those of you who have been confused.

[@peytoncollins2355]

Yes! the PR interval is from the beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex :)

[@nashec7862]

Thanks

[@fishaqthegreat]

Thank you!

[@abhinashshah1658]

very helpful thanks MR Armando

[@manojkumarkandpal594]

I really miss your fantastic hand writing and cute wrist band, bye the way, love to hear you always

[@leylaaa2393]

what an amazing helpful video . Thanks a lot 😃

[@user-do5hg6vr7e]

Nice explanation sir.Thank you so much.

[@ekramazzazy9361]

Absolutely useful thank you so much 🙏🏻

[@Squire19lUK]

I may have a small correction for this video. I believe the PR interval is measured from the start of the P wave to the start of QRS. It's important to interpret the PR interval correctly for Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and not taking the PR interval from the appropriate landmark may lead to misdiagnosis. This point isn't to detract from this channel, absolutely love these videos and have learnt a great deal from them. Just wanted to point this out.

[@muhammedtavan]

thanks for your productivity Mr. hasudungan, but we cant see your hand and unique wristband anymore. we miss

[@gunillalindholm3814]

wonderful like always but yes, I really do agree with you! I speculate that beeing abel to see the movement of the drawing hand makes my brain think that it is me that are drawing and therefore storing the information more efficient. I have, like many of you, Armando and his hand to thank for really conceptualize many of these subjects

[@katherinblecker2549]

Gunilla Lindholm completely agree! I find it much easier to follow & understand watching the good doctor’s hand.

[@manal9392]

I agree😖

[@Mathiaswinpini]

Thanks but I have a question. What blocks the electrical impulses leading to heart blocks? Is it slagging of the neurons or they just develop into insulators?

[@lifelessons7333]

Try clearing trapped emotions using the emotion code book, it helped me

[@andrewsomerville5772]

@armandohasudungan what software do you use to do your drawing for these videos?

[@krysselaliwalas8599]

After electrical impulse is sent from the (SA) node to the (AV) node, What specialized conducting tissue generates a fast action potential?

[@yadagirimbbs1]

Nicely explained. Thank you🙏 sir

[@lucywatt8739]

Is there an infographic you can buy for this??

[@husnucoban6359]

i don't know english but someday i'll come and watch all your videos

[@Neuronal-Nebula]

Good explanation .

[@burhan0465]

thanks a lot for this video

[@sinanaderi729]

Excellent 👏🏻

[@sarahsalah8253]

Amazing 👏👏♥️

[@eunicejessicaadoleakpabie9942]

Very helpful, thanks

[@lalaayvazova9986]

Excellent👌

[@mahmoudlasheen4329]

Awesome !

[@SakshiKumari]

Why we see prolonged qrs complex in infraventricular trachyarrhythmias

[@fathimaraiza4749]

Well explained

[@ghadabzr6146]

Thank you

[@omarnoor767]

Thanks for the wonderful video as always. Next time I hope that you do a more detailed one. Explaining different types and management.

[@Gabberz123]

The PR interval is measured from the START of the P wave, not the end of it.

[@mahmoodsalah4190]

If we say it like that, people would assume that the P wave is included in the measurement of the PR,, so maybe at end of P wave makes more sense

[@mariocesarbenitez5552]

Thanks so much

[@pissmyasslynch5325]

Would you like to do an episode about Tinnitus ?

[@paddoambulance1]

Great video! I'm also looking for a video about SA-exit block vs. sinus arrest. Do you have such a video?

[@sheheryarshahid9193]

Please sir make more video on arrhythmia

[@deanj4907]

Are arrhythmias dangerous even if they don’t cause dangerously high or low heart rate?

[@user-yp7vl3mo2g]

Thanks alot💖💖

[@shamsullahsamadi5494]

thanks a lot

[@muhammadshanzaib8802]

Thanks 😊

[@tanujyadav3160]

Please upload video with subtitle

[@dechannigan2980]

What causes sleep induced tachycardia,..... I was over prescribed premethazine last September and my heart had almost stopped in the morning. I probably have heart muscle damage damage

[@Mohamedyasar1234]

Super sir.

[@kabungobornwell178]

Thanks

[@muhammedabdulmecid5818]

Thank u

[@lonewolfe2502]

1:44 I think it's an PR segment not Interval.

[@shilpathakur7970]

CAC Hrudroga Chintamani rasa is a unique formulation and is very effective in the treatment of heart diseases and related symptoms. It acts as a cardioprotective and anti-arrhythmic medicine providing strength to the heart muscles and maintains heart rate. This medicine is very useful in relieving pain and maintains blood optimum viscosity.

[@Sho-mh4pe]

great video thanks, liked the way you started from the basics, every cardiologist thinks that everyone understand them like they do, and start very deeply PROF WHAT ARE YOU SAYING, WE DON'T GET ANYTHING lol they even show an ecg paper and start explaining, wait what is aVr and v56and inverted shit ok they are easy and very basics bit how are we gonna learn z before starting with a it's not possible to deal with second and fifth year students in the same way! i think i feel better now..

[@g-cellatwork5406]

Hi I would like to know the specific resource about the mechanism of Reentry. Thank You!

[@Dr..90]

Allah bless you

[@4K68]

was wondering what a sinoatrial noog was, lol. thx for good video

[@DrIGeees]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/pGO6gouFZ796nbs Do subscribe this channel

[@gedhangkluthuk1067]

Request subtitel indonesian

[@ibrahimalqhtani9511]

Note : P wave on ECG represent atrial depolarization NOT contraction AND QRS represent ventricular depolarization

[@toniyohannes3361]

depolarization is followed by contraction P wave is atrial depolarization/contraction QRS represent as you mentioned ventricular depolarization T wave represents ventricular REPOLARIZATION/ resting (fill up with blood)

[@ayatosakamaki92]

@@toniyohannes3361 yeah nice one btw really love this channel ☺

[@JavenarchX]

Well something here is happening with my heart....

[@kimmyk1mmy520]

Pleas Pray for me guys 🥺 I have that I'm scared 😥😔

[@kimmyk1mmy520]

Pleas tell me how to cure this 😭

[@lawrencelee0220]

@@kimmyk1mmy520 me too :// I looked through everything and think I have ventricular arryhythmia. any update on how you are doing now? 🥺

[@josephstalin760]

How you know you have that? I'm 20

[@samiramehr1406]

Heavy click up above

[@50thousendsubscriber0video3]

if i can i'll pay YOU my collage fee instead

[@adrianwhite2800]

bruh half of this i dont wat is

[@SyncZzzz]

pee pee

[@sarahsalah8253]

Amazing 👏👏♥️