AS Biology - Translocation (1): Phloem loading (OCR A Chapter 9.4)

[@jennypang8945]

This is so helpful thank you! the music is kind of distracting though...

[@BioRach]

Thank you for watching! Really glad that you find it helpful! :) And thank you for your feedback - I'll make it quieter and choose a less distracting one... >

[@habibariad7983]

Wow! I was self studying this chapter and really struggeling to understand it as so much made no sense to me...your video really helped me a lot you can't imagine how grateful i am! Thank you so much keep it up!

[@BioRach]

Thank you! This is one of the most confusing topics in AS so I can totally understand what you went through... Happy that the videos helped you! :D All the best with revision and thanks for watching!

[@sophieabela6456]

Seen a lot of videos regarding this topic, this is by far the best. You have no idea how much you've helped me. My exam is in 3 days so thank you very very much!!!!

[@BioRach]

Thank you, I'm glad that it helped! It's really encouraging to me to know that you appreciate it :D Good luck with your exam, go for it, all the best!

[@kaptanbaboo998]

Very good

[@maisiehealy833]

you are my favourite revision source genuinely so concise and clear tysm!!!!

[@pomme9728]

WOW! omg you explain it so so well!! i've yet to see a more clear explanation than you just gave! Thank you

[@mattdriver9763]

Great channel, didn’t understand this topic until this video. Deserve so many more subscribers, thank you!

[@BioRach]

Thank you!! This is probably one of the trickiest part of AS Biology... so glad you find this video helpful :D Thanks for watching!

[@oliviahumphrey8667]

Thank you so much for putting these videos together - can't express how much they've helped me!

[@victorebro4733]

I had my As Biology exam today, and there was 2 questions on translocation, which I couldn't have answered without your videos!! thank you very much!

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[@BioRach]

Victor Ebro I’m glad it helped!! Thank you for watching :D

[@Muzyhan1]

You will not believe how much this video helped me...Thanks!

[@BioRach]

Hahaha glad to hear that! Thanks for watching :D

[@emilybassil17]

Biology mock tomorrow and this helped my understanding so much thank you!

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you are incredible, I'm, sharing your video with everyone I know

[@BioRach]

haha thanks! Hopefully it can also help your friends :D Thanks for watching too!

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@@BioRach Love this video...very informative. Can you do a video on substance abuse

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today i did my as exam and we had 3 questions on plants!!!! i think i got full marks thanks to your videos.

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[@BioRach]

I’m so glad to hear that you found it useful!! Thank you and well done you :)

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You're honestly the best. Thank you so much for these videos. They're saving my grades ❤❤❤❤❤

[@BioRach]

Aww thank you for your kind words! Hope all goes well with your revision and thanks for watching :)

[@kahoruishikawa3240]

Really nice video! Very clear, detailed and concise, it has been really helpful for my IB biology exam, thank you!

[@BioRach]

I'm really glad to hear you find it helpful! It's great to know that people studying other spec can also benefit from these videos :D Thanks for watching!

[@laurenl4620]

Great video! This helped me so much

[@BioRach]

Thanks for watching! Glad it helped :)

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This was SO USEFUL tysm!!!

[@sarbottamchowdhury9012]

I have my Hons exams knocking my door this inducing intrest for studying thanks for this video it's like gift for me

[@BioRach]

Glad the video helped! :) Thanks for watching!

[@uniqueepic6035]

this is soo useful thanks alot when my teacher was explaining this to the class alot of people got confused by this process so thanks alot

[@mscook5937]

Great video understood everything clearly! Thankyou so much!!

[@riyadebnath2203]

This is so so so helpful. I watched so many videos on this topic but your video has completely cleared my concept. Thanks for this💖 Love from India

[@jyotsnamukhi16]

The video is amazing! Extremely helpful. Great explanation. Thank You

[@BioRach]

Thank you for watching! Glad that it's helpful :)

[@yeast4529]

Extremely helpful. Thanks for making this really simple

[@BioRach]

Glad you found it helpful! Thanks for watching :D

[@rogerahern]

Best video I've seen explaining this. Thank you.

[@BioRach]

Glad you find it useful! Thanks for watching :D

[@samikshyadhami2161]

Thank you so much, you should consider doing many more explanations, you are so good at it!

[@BioRach]

Samikshya Dhami thank you!! :D

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Amazing video wow. Literally explained everything i have no confusions at all thank uuu ❤️

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[@Imprag81]

Very very informative video 😌 , it helps me very much for my upcoming examinations 🙏🏻

[@sybrandvandyk8407]

Great video, although I believe the water that moves into the sieve tube to create the turgor pressure mainly moves from the xylem located to the inside of the phloem.

[@gabicote9318]

hello ! be sure to note that water is actually moved from the adjacent xylem cells into the phloem cells due to differences and water potential.

[@lilyhaas8278]

this video helped me so much! thank you :)

[@sujata8957]

very clear and concise,thank you!

[@BioRach]

Glad you found it helpful! Thanks for watching :)

[@Risewith_me]

Thanks a lot ..... This was kind of very helpful for me ....this is the most satisfying vedio on this topic

[@BioRach]

Haha I'm glad it helps! Thanks for watching!! :D

[@Nothingokau]

this video was very helpful! thank u!!

[@unknown-zd8uk]

thank you so much these videos really help !!! please try and turn the back ground music down as it can get a little distracting and frustrating.But love these videos👍👍

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Great revision 🙏

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Amazing. Keep it up.

[@doopiestpoopiest]

thank you so much! i finally understand

[@BioRach]

Glad it helps, thanks for watching! :)

[@janiceyang8672]

thank you so much, you saved my life

[@OO-wr5hz]

Incredibly explained thanks

[@marianusaiba1548]

Thank you so much!! I have understood everything!!!

[@BioRach]

Glad it helped! :) Thanks for watching!

[@ChidoMya]

Helped so much thanks for this

[@kaonemusonda8008]

the music is soothing❤

[@hudhayfahfaiz4524]

I have a question. How does sucrose travel against its concentration gradient when they transport through the co-transporter molecule. Doesn't the source have more sucrose concentration than the companion cell? So then why doesn't sucrose just simply diffuse into the companion cell? Please explain.

[@rorosm8380]

god bless you, this was really helpful revision!

[@BioRach]

haha glad it was helpful! This is a tricky topic.... Thanks for watching :D

[@seannedanielsalazar8222]

can i ask a question?How plants handle phloem loading with changes in ATP synthesis in companion cells? By the way your video is so helpful and thank you very much

[@dhirajmandal3896]

Wow understood so clearly. Was really helpful..

[@bushraabamom]

Amazing explanation

[@amirazuraimi1002]

aah thank you so much for thisss!! it's so well explained :)

[@agusgomez4965]

thank you so much! now things got cleared

[@BioRach]

haha great, glad that it helped! Thanks for watching :D

[@ninjadog5800]

Hi thank you so much for the video does the apoplast pathway in this video have anything to do with the apoplast is transpiration when water is reaching the xylem

[@livharding875]

This is a great video, I was just wondering as I am doing aqa a level biology do you think your videos are okay to revise from? Thank you- Olivia x

[@BioRach]

Sure! The actual science itself is still the same, so these videos should still help you in revision :) but there would be aspects in OCR that you won't need to know in AQA and vice versa... So I'd recommend that you'd compare it to your spec to make sure you cover any content that is not in OCR but in your AQA spec! Hope this helps and thanks for watching :D

[@joshburns3404]

Sorry to disturb you but can I ask a question You know how the sucrose is transported into the companion cells from the leaves then why doesnt sucrose just diffuse down. This is because there must be a large concentration of sucrose in the leaves so it should be able to diffuse down

[@BioRach]

You're right, in terms of concentration gradient, there is more sucrose in the leaves than the companion cells. However ,sucrose is normally too big to be able to just diffuse across the plasma membrane of the companion cell and enter it, so it needs to be moved using a transport protein of some sort. In this case, the only protein that can do that is a co-transporter. Hope this clarifies things :) Thanks for watching!

[@nimitmty4238]

I was doing a few questions on Transport in Plants. An OCR Mark Scheme says that 'amino acids' are an example of assimilates, but they aren't a product of photosynthesis - or even a sugar? I'm quite confused by this.

[@BioRach]

Ah.. perhaps another "oversimplification" in A-level! Assimilates may refer to all the molecules that a plant needs to survive and grow - amino acids are made from glucose actually with the addition of nitrates, and are obviously needed to make proteins, so may be considered as an assimilate.

[@Theroyal_alchemist]

Impressive thanks 💯

[@shaai4227]

will you be uploading 9.5 soon?

[@rasheede.o4824]

If the protons are being actively transported outside of the companion cell does that mean most of the surcrose molecules are already bound onto a proton as there is a higher concentration there.

[@BioRach]

Not quite. The point of pumping protons out of the companion cell is to generate a gradient, which means they could come back in through the co-transporters via facilitated diffusion. However the co-transporters could only work when they are each bound by a proton and a sucrose molecule - ie. The protons bind to the co-transporters in order to be transported back into the companion cells, along with sucrose. Hope that makes sense! :)

[@rasheede.o4824]

That makes sense. But why in the video did you say actively transported- doesn't that mean active transport.

[@BioRach]

Yes I meant that exactly. Protons are pumped out of companion cells by active transport - this is to generate a steep conc gradient so that they'd naturally diffuse back in, but can only do so if they go through the co-transporters by facilitated diffusion... in which they will only work by transporting sucrose at the same time!

[@nekkioo]

thank you for this!! really helped

[@halaha5969]

Thank you for this video! Quick question, are the hydrogen ions being pumped into the source cell, or just outside the companion cells into the environment?

[@BioRach]

Good question - I'm not entirely sure but I'd think it's pumped into the surrounding palisade cells, since that's where the sucrose is made. Hope this helps :)

[@abdulsamiarab5506]

Why the cotransporter would work only if both are present?

[@BioRach]

It's part of their design: they can only work (change its shape to move stuff) when it's bound with two specific molecules. "Co" in co-transporters refer to this specific trait. If we become more specific, then remember this: the structure/motion of a substance (protein) determines its function. Movements of substances are often associated with breaking and forming of bonds between different atoms that make up the protein and/or the particles they are transporting. In the case of co-transporters, the binding of the molecules causes it to change shape. These conformational changes lead to the whole complex overcoming the activation energy (almost like pushing it over the edge), hence allowing it to change its shape drastically, pushing the two molecules across. The same principle applies to co-transporters that exchange molecules. Hope this helps :)

[@rose-pp8xj]

Thanks this is so helpful, just one question though- is this also known as active loading

[@BioRach]

Yes, because of the fact that it requires energy for loading!

[@hussainjafri7893]

Doesn’t water also move into the sieve tube element from the xylem?

[@BioRach]

No it doesn't, as far as I'm aware of.

[@bueno_oneub_0]

Very helpful, thank you!

[@mouhamedosamaanbarji1896]

Wow this paino background 🤩🤩

[@fizzaabbas3756]

Ily for this, thank youu!!!!!!!

[@livjones9859]

hey great video! I just have a few questions if thats okay.. 1. is turgor pressure the same as hydrostatic pressure? 2. can amino acids move in through the co transporter protein or is it just sucrose? if it is just sucrose then how do amino acids enter the phloem? 3. can amino acids enter through the roots in the same way that soluble mineral ions enter the phloem? many thanks this was a really helpful video

[@lovelyangel4458]

Nice video keep it up sis.

[@BioRach]

Thank you! :D

[@jenicejacob8786]

So so helpful

[@SamsungNote-es5to]

Thank you so much, this helped.

[@BioRach]

Glad it helped! :)

[@annhashi1768]

Didn't you do a video for regulation of cardiac activity?

[@BioRach]

No I haven't but it's on my list! :)

[@sunayvadher1359]

Really helped great explanation

[@BioRach]

Glad you find it helpful :)

[@mollyhopgood6338]

Great Video!!!!!

[@BioRach]

Glad you find it helpful! Thanks for watching :D

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[@BioRach]

Glad you found the video helpful! Thanks for watching :)

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How do you make your videos

[@BioRach]

I just put the camcorder up inside a light tent, two lamps around the side, then pen and paper! :)

[@tinaishemachida9798]

Thank You!!!

[@BioRach]

Thanks for watching :)

[@umerkhaliq5025]

Amazing

[@BioRach]

Glad you found it helpful! Thanks for watching :)

[@anonymous4244]

THIS WAS SO HELPFULL!! Thanks you really helped.... But, what is the symplast route then?, I thought this was the symplast not the apoplast 😥😭😭

[@BioRach]

We talk about symplast/apoplast pathway mainly as the pathways of how water moves through cells. Symplast pathway is where water moves through the cytoplasm, going between cells through the plasmodesmata. Apoplast is where the water moves through the cell wall only, and not actually going into the cell. The key type of question here would be about how water moves through the endodermis in roots into the xylem, how the apoplast pathway was stopped due to the Casparian strip, forcing the water to go through the selectively permeable plasma membrane and into the cytoplasm, entering the symplast pathway. Hope this helps! :D

[@onlyabdelix]

Ty

[@BioRach]

Thanks for watching! :)

[@abigailm8608]

Hi your videos are so good! can u make more videos on AS biology mcq questions coz there’s no explanation in the mark scheme for the questions I got wrong? Thankyou!

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thanks

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Life saver

[@BioRach]

Glad you find the video helpful :D Thanks for watching!

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Thank u 😊

[@BioRach]

Haha thanks for watching :D

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THANKYOU OMG!!

[@BioRach]

Glad to be of help :) Thanks for watching!

[@catarinacandido8290]

Great !

[@BioRach]

Thanks for watching! :D

[@rh8528]

The water comes via xylem

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