Atomic Orbitals, Visualized Dynamically

Visuals of quantum orbitals are always so static. What happens when an electron transitions? A current must flow to conserve the probability. What does that look like?!
Nick Lucid - Creator/Host/Writer/Editor/Animator
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VIDEO ANNOTATIONS/CARDS
What is a Quantum Wave Function?
• Quantum Wave Functions...
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RELATED KZbin VIDEOS
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TIME CODES
00:00 Cold Open
00:31 Seeing Atoms is Hard
01:10 Atomic Structure
01:52 History of the Atom
02:24 What are Orbitals?
02:57 Schrodinger's Equation
04:00 Spherical Coordinates
04:35 Orbital Shapes
05:45 Orbital Sizes
06:20 Flow of Probability
07:17 Summary
08:04 Outro
08:20 Featured Comments

[@theorfa1237]

"Position is a pretty pointless property" Wow, that was subtle.

[@gurulinggbiradar6982]

@@JasminUwU electron is a point

[@Andres186000]

@@JasminUwU The position is not a point in quantum mechanics

[@MrMineHeads.]

It's also has alliteration

[@michaelfrankel8082]

Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.

[@theorfa1237]

@@MrBluelightzero Exactly my point. Ok, ok I'll let my self out :-)

[@Dmittry]

When your wife calls you and asks where are you at 2 AM. "Position is a pretty pointless property, honey"

[@ScienceAsylum]

😂

[@ItsRubyGD]

all that matters is your energy and momentum

[@justdave9610]

@@ItsRubyGD or her momentum when she finally sees you after hearing that answer 😂

[@chstra45]

Not gonna find comments like this on PBS science channel. Up your game PBS.

[@michaelboulware1240]

"We are entangled. Since you are worried that I was doing something wrong it automatically means I am not."

[@evilotis01]

"one angle draws a curve, and the other makes it a surface." ....and here's today's Science Asylum light bulb moment! you really are the best, Nick ❤️

[@stapler942]

Hey wait, this is just solids of rotation from first-year calculus all over again, isn't it? Only with complex numbers now.

[@pyotrpig]

@@stapler942 sometimes you need to hear it 20 times before it really hits you

[@iveharzing]

@@stapler942 And complex numbers are pretty much only used because dealing with sines and cosines is extremely annoying and tedious, and exponents are way easier.

[@dand.n.m9396]

that small pause before "to the timeline" was AWESOME

[@alhassanali4829]

AGREE!!

[@fukpoeslaw3613]

little pause or no little pause; the timeline is.... wfi..... again, wfi..... *AWESOME!!!* wfi = wait for it

[@chococandy8009]

That's What makes Nick sir unique.

[@ronnyvbk]

A pause filled with an anticipating grin ... priceless. And yes, I did proclame 'to the timeline!' in sync 😅

[@MusicalRaichu]

It felt like an editing error to me.

[@modolief]

2:55 "Position is a pretty much pointless property" -- wow, you said that with absolutely no smirk, well done.

[@ScienceAsylum]

Full disclosure: There's a smirk in the original footage about 2 seconds after that cut 😂.

[@Lucky10279]

How did I miss that joke?!

[@ScienceAsylum]

@@Lucky10279 It's a pun _AND_ an alliteration!

[@Fomites]

I'm almost seventy. I studied chemistry at university at the introductory level for a medical degree and I have gradually realised how little I knew (and still know). Nick makes this accessible for those of us like myself who have minimal knowledge and who want a deeper understanding. Kudos to you Nick! We love you 🙂 (From Australia).

[@SSMLivingPictures]

If that pic of you is recent youre looking good for 70. Nice work man

[@prestonburton8504]

i live this world, like you do. I tell people, we grabbed a earth globe and where told 'behold, for this is what you live on' - for when i went to school there were no pictures of the earth from outer space. we had to believe.

[@PapaFlammy69]

Great stuff Nick

[@meowwwww6350]

Papa flammy for life!!

[@meowwwww6350]

Papa flammy everywhere!! Papa flammy is upgrading to papa ray!!

[@shubhodeepde3927]

Papa!!!!

[@gabor6259]

I didn't know you watched this channel, papa. Good to see you here.

[@pierfrancescopeperoni]

@@gabor6259 He's everywhere. Like an electron.

[@McQuokka]

The probability that I learn something every time I watch one of these videos is 100%. There aren't many channels here on the old YT that have that ability.

[@beckydoesit9331]

Another great channel is Jerenism. THIS guy will blow your mind!

[@maxnao3756]

I loved the notion of "probability flow". It opens a lot of new ways of looking orbital deformation.

[@christiancampbell466]

I’m intrigued by probability flow, but I thought orbital transitions were instantaneous? I.e. the probability distribution switched discretely from that of the first orbital to that of the second without any intermediate distribution. Otherwise, it would seem to make sense to say that the election was described by fractional quantum numbers during the transition interval, and I would expect that multiple photons of intermediate energies might be emitted. Is the ‘flow’ visualisation intended to give a sense of the probability distribution of the superposition of the before and after states? Or does it model an actual dynamical process evolving over continuous time? Relatedly, on Thursday SciShow discussed tunnelling on the order of milliseconds. (kzbin.info/www/bejne/f6SakGikhrSem68 )

[@ScienceAsylum]

​@@christiancampbell466 You've got to put spaces between links and parentheses in YT comments: ( kzbin.info/www/bejne/f6SakGikhrSem68 ) otherwise YT thinks their part of the link... for some stupid reason I don't understand 🤦‍♂️

[@JohnDlugosz]

The way I learned it, The two orbitals are in superposition and the coefficients of each smoothly change, one rising and one falling. It never exists in a shape that is intermediate.

[@JohnDlugosz]

@@christiancampbell466 No, it's not instantaneous. But, it will always appear to be fully in one form or the other. The wave function evolves over time, but you never observe the superposition.

[@JohnDlugosz]

@@ScienceAsylum Parens are legal characters in URLs, so not stupid. You're supposed to use angle brackets to offset them, anyway. What I do find stupid about YT comments is that the markup for *bold* or _strong_ does not like being adjacent to punctuation. E.g. I want bold at the end of this *sentence*.

[@madhuverma5998]

I was solving Schrodinger's equation for hydrogen atom when the notification of this video pops up.... I realised that I was certainly missing physics while working on maths... *Thank you so much Nick for giving me right direction*..

[@theastonishingworld7986]

Jee Aspirant?

[@madhuverma5998]

@@theastonishingworld7986 pursuing msc in physics from iit Jodhpur.

[@theastonishingworld7986]

@@madhuverma5998 Hehe new it would have some IIT connection, good for you.

[@georganatoly6646]

The fact that probability is conserved like energy is like the weirdest/coolest weird/cool aspect of quantum mechanics. And understanding probability flow mathematically is probably key to understanding the detailed nature of how electrons mechanic at all, which again is really neat.

[@aforementioned7177]

So fundamentally the entirety of reality is just probability?

[@painlesskun3959]

@@aforementioned7177 That's correct but this probability is 100% because probability is conserved at all times.

[@sshreddderr9409]

its not like that. probability is an abstraction. in reality, the particles do exists as an electromagnetic fluid standing wave. trying to find a point in a moving volume of fluid is just misinterpreted as the probability to find the particle. if you try to measure its influence and pin it to a point smaller than its actual influenced volume, then of course it will be a probabilistic distribution. but its a huge falsehood to interpret these probabilities as physical things. its just an artifact of trying to make a uniform fluid disconnected, point like objects. its just a mechanical wave of a superfluid that is prephysical, meaning that matter is formed out of its nested standing waves, and their fields are the pressure differentials that influence each other. particles behave like waves because they are waves, not particles. treating them like particles is a macroscopic approximation. really the universe is just a gigantic superfluidic ocean, its waves are are called em waves or gravity waves depending on how they are caused, and matter is just a bunch of mechanical waves with specific wave lengths locked in a a perpetual standing wave. the whole universe with everything inside is a single object, a single fluid, and everything that exists inside it is just a giant compounding standing wave emitting and receiving billions of waves every second.

[@georganatoly6646]

@@sshreddderr9409 it's an interesting point, but for me, idk, if we can't pierce beyond the veil of the abstraction, does it not then by definition become reality, at least as far as we could 'scientifically prove', Plato's cave allegory and all that -- meaning, we all have two choices; describe the shadow, or make something up, personally I find descriptions of the shadow more real than someone just making something up about where it came from, fun to think about either way though

[@sshreddderr9409]

@@georganatoly6646you would be right if the mainstream pushed abstraction was the best model we could come up with, but its not. If mainstream scientists would think of the universe as a fluid like people such as Tesla, Maxwell, Faraday etc., particularly a superfluid and tried to understand subatomic phenomena as actions of such , we would have antigravity, nuclear fusion and free energy going mainstream, and with it we could create any material at no cost, need no fuel, and we could have cheap space travel without all the typical issues and dangers.

[@dumbjeeaspirant9588]

I have been a JEE Aspirant for the past 2 years but this visualisation opened a wide horizon of understanding

[@anonymous20060]

Hello JEE aspirant.. I am an aspirant too... did u crack it? Please let me know..😊

[@painlesskun3959]

@@anonymous20060 I am an aspirant too. I wish they cracked it. How are you studying right now tho?

[@anonymous20060]

@@painlesskun3959 more or less good.

[@seebe2084]

Explained so easily even a tambourine can understand. If you taught, I would attend.

[@kellyjackson7889]

I'm a triangle and I got 'dinged'

[@rarra]

Nick is the best teacher. He especially picks very difficult to explain subjects and make them easy for us

[@PSNanonimousplayer]

he does teach

[@SaveWesternCivilisation]

We bagpipes are still struggling however...

[@ZetaFuzzMachine]

I love you Nick! Your videos just keep getting better. AND it only helps that I've just started Quantum Mechanics and Statistical Mechanics at uni!! Keep em coming!

[@MrLoerch]

Probably the best visualization I've seen yet! Thank you.

[@shayanmoosavi9139]

Wow this video was extremely cool. You explained the probability current so good. We're studying "quantum mechanics I" this semester and I'm loving it so far. We have such a great professor. Yes, quantum mechanics is weird but it's also amazing.

[@ScienceAsylum]

That's great! Learning QM properly requires a great professor.

[@ProfessorBeautiful]

It will not surprise you that Nick's book (see video description) is utterly fantastic and thorough and deep with many detailed worked problems.

[@stanimirivanov4052]

Finally a new video by you! Thank you very much!

[@Petrov3434]

Loved it -- one of the best ever. Relaxed, very funny, informative, your "double" - good acting, in summary -- outstanding and thank you a lot

[@mrboombastic_69420]

"Quantum mechanics is weird y'all" -Nick Lucid

[@Kevin-wo3kp]

What an amazing playground of science Nick's brain must be. I can't begin to tell you how jealous I really am.

[@shubhodeepsarkar9762]

I really appreciate your work.🙌🙌🙌

[@guth5060]

me too

[@justdave9610]

You really help even smooth brain types like myself to understand these types of complicated subjects a little better. Thanks for what you do here Nick.

[@macronencer]

"The people have no particles to measure!" "Then let them measure cake."

[@SeekNKnow]

Marie Currie Antoinette?

[@macronencer]

@@SeekNKnow Haha! Nice.

[@jskratnyarlathotep8411]

"If particles were made of cake I wouldn't be showing them to you" (c)

[@MenteDaniloSente]

Such a great introduction to orbitals. Should be like this on the first semester in Colleges. Would be less boring and abstract

[@eduardoGentile720]

This channel is a simple and less hardcore version of PBS spacetime in my opinion That's why I like it, it feels refreshing

[@alanguile8945]

SIMPLE!!!?

[@eduardoGentile720]

@@alanguile8945 did you ever watched PBS spacetime? This is a breeze compared to it

[@Mathieu_Matheow_Benoit]

@@eduardoGentile720 PBS is so hard to keep up with before they take for granted that their viewership has deep maths and physics background...like how can you understand orbital shapes without knowing about spherical coordinates?

[@arirahikkala]

I don't know about simpler, but this channel is certainly way better focused. PBS Spacetime is well produced, but I always get the feeling that I was taken on a journey where at the end I'd forgot where I started. Here, I always feel like my time was well spent learning just one new thing.

[@XEinstein]

I think science asylum is way better than PBS Space Time

[@krabbediem]

This was a triumph. I'm making a note here: "Huge success". It's hard to overstate my satisfaction.

[@daniellewilson8527]

Aperture Science, we do what we must because we can

[@danielpas368]

@@daniellewilson8527 For the good of all of us except the ones who are dead

[@daniellewilson8527]

@@danielpas368 but there’s no use crying over every mistake

[@hectorgrande3166]

WHY CANT MY QUANTUM PROFESSOR TEACH LIKE YOU DO??!!! Awesome stuff, I've been stuck on fully conceptualizing spherical harmonics for hours, you're a lifesaver!

[@royh7911]

I wish this video was a couple hours longer, im taking physical chemistry in university right now and this video definitely helped simplify such an abstract concept

[@Mathieu_Matheow_Benoit]

My "🤯" moment: Spherical Coordinates @4:05 Your explanation finally made a clear cut distinction between quantum spin and angular momentum vs the classical physics sense of those terms in my brain. IT FINALLY MAKE SENSE!

[@evilotis01]

yesssssssssss

[@fukpoeslaw3613]

imma gonna go to four o. five!!

[@fukpoeslaw3613]

one hour later. nah, still don't understand it... 😓

[@jakeybabes2192]

Your bite sized videos of madness are perfect for keeping me distracted and in routine of stretches. Threw my back out and am trying to keep in habit of doing them. Forget the pain and think of quantum probabilities!

[@Medal_of_Homer]

Thanks a lot mate, I’ve been looking for this answer for many time and you just did it! Great man I appreciate

[@anarchy8968]

ah, i like how everything about the early comments are simply being early also, nice video! i don't know much about maths, as my knowledge is limited to high school lessons, but i want to understand the maths part of all these stuff. so thanks for explaining them in a way that doesn't require college level maths

[@manishaashwinayyappan5253]

Yes,great video nick.ur just awesome

[@understandtheuniverse2199]

Saitama

[@evilotis01]

it's fkn incredible that we basically worked all this out over the course of 100 years.

[@adityasonawane686]

Man!! This his content is too underrated !!!!! Ur the one who teaches in the simplest ways ! Love your content !!!

[@billcook7483]

These videos are so good I feel obliged to watch all the ads as well to encourage your sponsors to keep assisting the asylum in making them..... Take note you sponsors this is not just enjoyable funstuff but also brilliantly educational, but details of your book(s) would be appreciated so I can buy them for my upcoming birthday...... Sure beats the heck out of socks and sweaters !

[@PianoMastR64]

"position is a pretty pointless property" I just want everyone else to appreciate the cleverness of this pun

[@NondescriptMammal]

Yes it was an excellent pun... But I was a bit disappointed, I was hoping for some explanation about how the electrons travel around the nucleus. I am a lay person with only basic understanding of physics, and I grew up at a time when we all learned the Bohr model (even though quantum physics was already well established), and so have always had the planetary system image in my mind... So I came to this video hoping to get some idea of how the electron behaves through time. Does it just randomly appear at any of the locations in the probability cloud, magically blipping from one location to another? Or does it travel in some random path between these points?

[@renatao6330]

@@NondescriptMammal goog question.

[@rayzorrayzor9000]

Another great vid Nick , and I loved your comment around the 02.57 mark, I’ve always thought to myself that quantum mechanics would be so much easier if no one cared where the Electron was , you’ve come out and said my own thoughts lol 😂

[@wesshepard]

I just watched this video again. This is a great video Nick.

[@mastertantoo]

Thanks for the uploads, I love how you manage to explain some really challenging concepts! Also, I love cake. Cake is never a lie!!

[@erikhasler]

Portal references are an automatic upvote from me. You EARNED this, Science Man.

[@alhassanali4829]

"Events ate probabilistic, probabilities are deterministic" -Nick Lucid

[@panno675]

I' ve already read that quote in a book of some Physicist, gotta be Schrodinger or Feynman, so Nick trolled us ahahahah

[@woohooman-fl9vq]

I love your videos; they're fun to watch. :)

[@kanjanathevik5234]

You are making me think that we must learn everything like a child. Ask, reason it, think, play with it, enjoy it. Worth watching your wonderful channel

[@OrbitalLizardStudios]

In my high school chemistry class, they always taught it that protons and neutrons are little balls stuck together and the electrons are also even smaller balls that orbit around the nucleus. I just wish they had at least mentioned all the weird quantum stuff even if just as a side note.

[@ScienceAsylum]

I'm surprised they didn't mention orbitals at the end of the class. It usually comes up _eventually,_ though they don't go into much detail.

[@punditgi]

Fantastic explanation. This guy is a genius! Plus, I love the Timeline! Reminds me of the Wayback Machine of Professor Peabody from the Rocky and Bullwinkle show. To the Timeline, y'all! 😃❤

[@bharath__100]

My God!! I never expected to have this much of understanding in this topic.... without visual info it's really hard to get those ideas around. Kudos to the physicists who came up with this at those times without computers to visualize...

[@anthonynwachukwu1995]

"I mean with such a simple image there could be cake in there" Literally LOL

[@peplegal8253]

Thumbs UP for the "Cake is a Lie" reference (Portal is still a great game for nowadays standard).

[@nasha710]

Too shame that greedy Gabe destroyed great studio

[@Saitama62181]

The cake is in a superposition of "a lie" and "not a lie".

[@ThatCrazyKid0007]

lien't

[@ant_six]

It is a portal reference

[@SeekNKnow]

Until I open the box and eat it.

[@andreyassa7638]

Nick, you're simply the best. Your way of explaining complex matter is unbeatable! At least in my case ;-). Thanks for all the effort! It's really worth!!!

[@ScienceAsylum]

Thanks! 🤓

[@mahmouddeeb153]

Usually, I disable Adblock Plus on your videos and watch those boring Ads. This all what I can do now to support you. You deserve more and more. I am grateful for you 🙏

[@pedrogrimaldisemeghinimart759]

Dude, this is one of the best videos youve ever done. Again, youre the best science channel on youtube, in a way that you always go DEEPER, but never lose the clarity of the explanation.

[@ScienceAsylum]

Thanks! 🤓

[@buckrogers5331]

Haha, Science Asylum feeling the heat from Sabine Hossenfelder.

[@XEinstein]

They missed an opportunity for a great co-op, didn't they?

[@arnesaknussemm2427]

Lol yes I was just watching Sabine’s take on this very topic and thought I wonder how Nick would explain this and then , as if by magic, this video dropped . What’s the probability of that?

[@deepstariaenigmatica2601]

her free will take was pretty poo

[@sherrysyed]

I love your channel, it makes things easy to understand for people without a background, tysm

[@ScienceAsylum]

You're very welcome! 🤓

[@keithvanantwerp3198]

Nice Nick! Probabilities [square of wave function] are deterministic, well said!

[@Jakubanakin]

Those are not spheres in the electrone microscope image! Those are HEXAGONS! Hexagons are bestagons after all...

[@alphalunamare]

I saw that comment on another thread .... something about Parabola and Hexagons lol :-)

[@foldr431]

A hexagon is just a low-poly circle

[@Jakubanakin]

@@foldr431 Hexagons stacked next to each other fill a plane completely. Circles have no such power, and in their imperfection they leave holes.

[@alphalunamare]

@@foldr431 a circle is an infinite one :-)

[@SaebaRyo21]

One of the best Science dudes on KZbin. And rarest amongst all because the depth of explanation and visualization he presented along with pretty clones and humours is really an ultimate amalgamation of a science mentor!

[@classica1fungus]

One of the best explanations for atomic orbitals ive ever seen or heard and ive heard ALOT

[@Samien]

Excellent as always ❤️

[@luckybarrel7829]

Honestly, I wish this is how physics was taught in school. The intuition is completely missing.

[@SimonClarkstone]

The spherical harmonics also occur at the opposite end of scale: analysing the temperature fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background.

[@ulti-mantis]

Isn't that (at least suspected to be) because the CMB reflects the state of the universe when the whole observable universe was at a size that puts it in the quantum scale, and so prone to quantum effects?

[@SimonClarkstone]

@@ulti-mantis Not as far as I know. The CMB that we can observe is roughly a sphere cross-section of the early universe, and spherical harmonics are a way to analyse anything that varies over the surface of a sphere. Electron orbitals are generated by the spherically-symmetric field of the nucleus, which is presumably why they match up to spherical harmonics too.

[@MrKrtek00]

Because they are a good basis for 3D series expansions and everyone like to confuse elements expansion with physical entities.

[@rc5989]

I was impressed with the visualization of probability current. This might be the best visualization of a concept in QM that is well understood mathematically yet defies our intuition and conceptualization. Awesome!

[@kaushikdhandekar4799]

Man you are awesome. I love your content very much. Short cool precise and attractive too.

[@Mr._White.]

1:09 I'm crying.... :D

[@PestOnYT]

1:09 The cake is a lie! - Great reference to Portal 2 :) and later Myst! - Guess that's why I like your videos so much. Thanks

[@MasterHigure]

Portal 1, dude. Get with it! ;)

[@travcollier]

And his outro plug was for "can an AI be alive"... It is a layer cake ;)

[@alanrodriguez7988]

Great explanation of the quantum behavior of the atomic orbitals👌. New subscriber!!

[@parthkothari7868]

You sir , made the whole mess of my brain clear about the orbital. I had consulted my seniors about this and my friends and they similarly said the same thing but u couldn't visualise it. You did it good!

[@bemascu7087]

1:52 I love this face! 🤣🤣🤣

[@mikeleet.3700]

"But there's no sense crying Over every mistake You just keep on trying Till you run out of cake" - GLaDOS 🤣 Nice Video👍😅

[@mihailazar2487]

I can't believe people are still keeping that meme alive

[@ShauriePvs]

Yayyy! This is what I needed. Please continue videos like this, bursting basic classical myths about atom

[@valerioboldreghini4239]

4:07 Mr. Piccolo clone! 😁 Awesome video as usual, greetings from Scotland

[@chamidumadumal7130]

"Nick Lucid is weird y'all!" -Quantum mechanics

[@ScienceAsylum]

Also true.

[@narfwhals7843]

Gravity? Fluid dynamics! Quantum mechanics? Fluid dynamics! Cake? FLUID DYNAMICS! -Nick Lucid.

[@ScienceAsylum]

😂😂😂😂 It's such a useful analogy!!

[@narfwhals7843]

@@ScienceAsylum Oh for sure! Electromagnetic fields? Fluid dynamics! Heat dispersion? Fluid dynamics! The flow of water? ...It's complicated.

[@JD-jl4yy]

i'm Glad you made this video, I was trying to wrap my head around what orbitals actually are.

[@Nikhilbt-sq5hf]

The way you connect with people is amazing

[@Mehdi_Hammar]

Nice video, thanks! just a question: We know that the energy is quantized so it has definite values, then does this probability "transition" have a changing value of energy? or does it keep the initial value of energy during the transition and will change the initial value of energy only when it reaches it's final state?

[@ScienceAsylum]

Energy only has definitely values when the electron is in an energy state. During the transition, the electron is in a superposition of energy states, so it doesn't have a definite energy.

[@Mehdi_Hammar]

I got it! thanks :)

[@Lucky10279]

I love that you're getting more into the math in your videos. I've said it before but I'll say it again -- understanding the maths everything start to make so much more sense in physics, especially QM. It's so different from our every day experience that the math is the only way to really get an intuition for what's going on.

[@loulouparis_]

This is by far my favorite video about atomic orbitals! Thank you so much for the explanation! I wish I’d found this in the beginning of my studies

[@ScienceAsylum]

Glad it was helpful! 🤓

[@utkarshshrivastava4382]

Good Job man.. Really awesome way of explanation, making getting complex stuff easier for beginners. ..

[@TheKwiatek]

0:48 there should be Scanning Tunneling Microscope or Atomic Force Microscope

[@ScienceAsylum]

I corrected this in the pinned comment. Thank you.

[@TheAmbientMage]

"We generally don't look because we want the position to be uncertain" I'm guessing that's an exploitation of the uncertainty principle and the use of the Fourier transform that converts a highly delocalized position into a localized momentum. With maximum uncertainty in position you get minimum uncertainty in momentum which is the more practically useful metric.

[@ChiDraconis]

*Correct*

[@ScienceAsylum]

Yes, but the uncertainty principle isn't just about position with momentum. There's a general version that lets you relate any property with any other property. The cool thing is that some of them result in a zero, which means they share states (like energy and orbital angular momentum).

[@Lucky10279]

@@ScienceAsylum What do you mean by "share states"? That there's no uncertainty and so we can measure them both at once?

[@ScienceAsylum]

@@Lucky10279 I mean that the stationary states for one property are actually the same states for the other property.

[@Lucky10279]

@@ScienceAsylum But how can that be when they have different units?

[@rishabhghosal8076]

dude just defined heisenberg;s uncertainity in just a few lines dam'n you gained a new subscriber

[@davidmack9842]

I loved how Nick includes the Easter egg "The Cake is a Lie" from Portal.

[@darkrebel123]

When I took organic chemistry in undergrad, I came up with my own way of visualizing and intuiting the behavior of electrons by imagining them as water flowing around planets, and I would imagine larger planets for the more electronegative elements. My model was so effective that I made the highest grade at the end of the semester out of about 175 students who took the course.

[@ViciousViscount]

You'll never truly comprehend or appreciate physics if you shun math. Make friends with it.

[@fukpoeslaw3613]

yeah yeah yeah, I know, I know... I'm so lax......

[@localverse]

If math wants friends it must learn to be friendly

[@midnightstorm4290]

@@localverse ikr why does it always have to be so mean...

[@Oliisawesome]

Thank you! This makes a lot more sense now!

[@philsmith7398]

Aaaah, Myst! Happy memories.

[@MASAo7]

"The cake is a lie" - did not expect a Portal reference 👍

[@saraeva]

"The cake is fake, and the pi is a lie." - Some weird dude

[@ant_six]

The cake is a lie is a portal reference

[@saraeva]

@@ant_six I know.. just wanted add to it.

[@jlpsinde]

Great video!

[@kin0cho]

Precise and engaging!

[@kuldeepchhetri1355]

disclaimer : electrons are socially anxious

[@himanshupadnani8586]

Hoping I’ll be able to use this when I’m taking higher level physics

[@xgozulx]

oh, you will, trust me ;P

[@ScatrickFlorence]

This was great! Thank you!

[@chrismcgarry3160]

3:08 That Panic Clone! Caught me off-guard XD I kinda had the same reaction too! 4:42 & 7:49 "Radial Coords" & "Probability Current" : That's just so beautiful!

[@Cogline6]

I don't know if the cake is a lie but as someone who teaches high school chemistry and physical science the more of your videos i watch the more i realize that my job is basically to lie to children. Keep up the great work!

[@ScienceAsylum]

That's the art of teaching, Zack: Knowing exactly how much to lie. You've got to make what you're saying believable in the limited time that you have to explain it.

[@mzaite]

Why lie? Why not make it clear it's a simplification of a more complex idea? It's what I do with Private Pilot Aerodynamic theory. I'm not going to get into advanced math to explain lift, but I am going to tell them there is advanced math to deeply understand it, but here's a basic way of thinking about it unless you want to publish a paper on aerodynamics. Sometimes the students better at higher maths than I am become interested enough to learn more about it. Sometimes just knowing there's somewhere further to go engages people more than a half explanation.

[@Cogline6]

@@mzaite I do tell them that, calling it lying was somewhat exaggerating for humor.

[@mzaite]

@@Cogline6 Besides we all know the Real lying happens in History and Civics Class :) And Home Ec. Never actually buy the giant sized tube of toothpaste, it's not cheaper and it's gonna get gross way before you finish it!

[@fatsquirrel75]

@@mzaite because you can do better things with your time than preface every statement with "this is a simplified version of how things were once thought to have worked back in the day, it's pretty true and gives us a good idea for how things work, but keep in mind that newer theories have disproved/reworked/remodeled the idea".

[@___..Blade..___]

When you are too early and don't know what to comment

[@brianjuelpedersen6389]

Ikr

[@YounesLayachi]

Sometimes I comment then edit it later x)

[@YouCanHasAccount]

@@YounesLayachi the contents of the comment cannot be known until observed.

[@ChiDraconis]

@@YouCanHasAccount Discussion ensues: Super Position of "The Wave Function" collapses when observation limits to a static value

[@shelley-anneharrisberg7409]

The best and clearest explanation of so many things I have been grappling with in studying QM...I love me some probability cake - with a bit of cream on the side! :)

[@johnconnell8436]

That was an awesome explanation!