ATP & Respiration: Crash Course Biology #7

In which Hank does some push-ups for science and describes the "economy" of cellular respiration and the various processes whereby our bodies create energy in the form of ATP.
Special thanks go to Stafford Fitness (www.staffordfitness.net) for allowing us to shoot the gym scenes in their facilities.
This video uses sounds from Freesound.org
Table of Contents:
1) Cellular Respiration 01:00
2) Adenosine Triphosphate 01:29
3) Glycolysis 4:13
A) Pyruvate Molecules 5:00
B) Anaerobic Respiration/Fermentation 5:33
C) Aerobic Respiration 6:45
4) Krebs Cycle 7:06
A) Acetyl COA 7:38
B) Oxaloacetic Acid 8:21
C) Biolography: Hans Krebs 8:37
D) NAD/FAD 9:48
5) Electron Transport Chain 10:55
6) Check the Math 12:33
Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at / crashcourse
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CC Kids: / crashcoursekids

[@JAM609]

The hour long complicated version with finger puppets is literally what I need.

[@ryan_s]

same i have ap bio.

[@kodarpy]

Same, I have college Bio

[@natalie5686]

Jana ElRifai frfr IB sad bro

[@VG876]

I was reading this comment and was like “puppets”? Then halfway thru the video.. yes... I need the puppets too.. 😂

[@anushabenny8586]

probably should've paid attention in class... questioning life choices

[@yesenia4800]

Anusha Benny When you pay attention but still don’t understand 😔😔😔

[@departmentofanalytics1116]

Since the animations are kinda confusing the numbers up, I recapped the transformation here: *Glycolysis* Glucose + 2 ATP >> 2 Pyruvates + Energy. This energy is used for making 4 ATP (net profit of 2 ATP) and 2 NADH from 2 ADP, 2 NAD+ and 2 hydrogen (probably H+). *Fermentation* Pyruvate >> Energy + Lactic Acid. *Krebs Cycle* 2 Pyruvates + 2 O₂ >> 2 Acetyl Coenzyme A + 2 CO₂ + Energy. This energy is used to form 2 NADH from NAD+ and hydrogen. 2 Acetyl Coenzyme A + 2 Oxaloacetic Acid >> 2 Citric Acid. 2 Citric Acid + 4 O₂ >> 2 Oxaloacetic Acid + Energy + 4 CO₂. This energy is used to make 2 ATP, 6 NADH and 2 FADH₂. So after the Krebs Cycle we now have 10 NADH, 2 FADH₂ and 4 ATP (or 6 if you count the ATP spent in Glycolysis). *Electron Transport Chain* 10 NADH >> Energy + 10 NAD+ + 10 Hydrogen. This energy is used to pump some protons out of the inner membrane of the mitochondria. They went back through the ATP synthase creating at most 3 ATP for each NADH, for a total of 30 ATP (at most). 2 FADH₂ >> Energy + 2 FAD+ + 4 Hydrogen. This energy is also used to pump some protons. This creates, at most, 2 ATP each FADH₂, for a total of 4 ATP. _Conclusion:_ _Total ATP created: 38 molecules, if the cell is very efficient._ _2 ATP is spent in glycolysis so there would be at most 40 ATP that went through the steps._ _10 NAD+ were used, and probably reused._ _2 FAD+ were used, and also probably reused._ _6 O₂ were used and they became 6 CO₂ in the Krebs Cycle._ _2 Oxaloacetic Acid were used and reused._ Hope this helps!

[@PwndUpDaAss]

AnBio Department of Analytics thank you so much!!!!

[@departmentofanalytics1116]

:))))

[@ely-jv2kd]

u r amazing

[@xXbussydestroyerXx]

bless

[@emmasachs7701]

thank you!!!

[@Christian-dc1cy]

Adenosine Triphosphate: **shoots off third phosphate group** Adenosine: "Die, Phosphate!"

[@samanadnan6727]

😂😂😂😂

[@epic1tmk]

I don't care what grade I'm in, I'll always resort to Crash Course to help me study for an exam

[@msjsss1102]

I agree gg

[@Ljh4220]

Cells are too complicated for their own good. Soon they will band together and become powerful enough to take over the wor-- oh wait.

[@swaveboard5187]

Vercingetorix 39 billion*

[@KingOfShenanigan]

MARK CHAN i think he or she was referring to humans, so it would only be about 20 thousand years ago.

[@callum1029]

KingOfShenanigans Errrrm... both of you got that one wrong. About 200,000 - 1,000,000 years since the earliest known Homo Sapiens.

[@CheckAlakaDingDong]

Callum Baker i'm flammable

[@charliehutch3533]

KingOfShenanigans aaaaaaaaaah no. keep reading r-e-a-d-i-n-g...a study of present-day mitochondrial DNA, combined with evidence based on physical anthropology of archaic specimens. According to genetic and fossil evidence, archaic Homo sapiens evolved to anatomically modern humans solely in Africa, between 200,000 and 100,000 years ago,

[@hooralaeenalshamsi500]

Roses are red Violets are blue Stop reading the comments You have work to do

[@theartgodd]

Get Satisfied lmao

[@djfahey7272]

lol so true

[@21swagbear12]

word

[@somethingwitty100]

You got me lmao

[@mingsgaming3814]

Oof he is right

[@user-kg6bv5fk3w]

60% of comments: How people are cramming for finals 20% of comments: People asking for prayers 15% of comments: Both of the above combined 5% or comments: Other

[@mercymcglade3351]

CobraHawk 140% make it equal 100% lol

[@sus3309]

You forgot some of us don’t understand a single thing

[@GodOfStrategy]

Anyone else zone out and have to re-watch this?

[@matiasvega4191]

+GodOfStrategy Totally, still a good video though

[@GodOfStrategy]

For sure

[@youthculture523]

+GodOfStrategy Re watched probably 6 times now. It took me that long to completely understand lol

[@matiasvega4191]

It might easier for you to watch the crash course videos first and then try to find a handwritten tutorial for the topic. There is a really helpful user called Handwritten Tutorials

[@snowflakefb6432]

+GodOfStrategy I saw different videos about that several times. Many in German (my primary language) and then some in English by Paul Anderson and this Chanel because I actually have to know all that stuff currently in English (year abroad). It really takes an awful looooong time to actually get all that stuff! So, yeah. I re-watched it several times.

[@allanochoa4826]

if you're watching this, it's too late.

[@LittleMonster2410]

Allan Ochoa i still dont understand shit after watching it...

[@allanochoa4826]

ask me questions, I took a test on this and aced it btw,

[@WhatdidIsayagain]

Allan Ochoa I know but let me be in denial D:

[@13zomi]

I know. I have an AP Bio exam in 2 weeks so I need to get this crap down but even after watching Crash Course which I usually understand, I still feel like I'm at square one :/

[@veganchris1933]

We're all so fucked :(

[@sophiamanzano2109]

I wish he was my bio teacher 🤧💀😂 he makes everything so fun and easy !!! Also who has an exam tomorrow?

[@hamzaiftikhar6160]

Going to have science quiz tomorrow thats why i am here lol

[@maryamalmehairi9537]

Me

[@Fatima-om5be]

I have a quiz tmrw and I don’t understand anything lol

[@ellakirkpatrick4895]

@PANDA GIRLS how did it go?

[@Fatima-om5be]

Ella Kirkpatrick it actually went good I didn’t expect that

[@miriamosland5273]

This video made me cry. I understand nothing. Please help

[@amymccrae1074]

Sis I feel you

[@catiegrace7957]

I feel y’all 😂 I’m in the same boat

[@cozmorules6983]

so basically its complicated, a glucose (a simple suger) is cut up and bits and pieces make energized molecules such as NADH. These energized molecules shove protons (+H) to the other side of the mitocondrial membrane and whem they want to come back in they are squished together with a phospate and a ADP (adenesize DIphosphate) to essetially make ATP. hope this helps :>

[@cozmorules6983]

no problem :>

[@Mergirl3196]

idk if this will still help, but i totally recommend amoeba sisters, a biology youtube channel. i think it goes a bit slower, and doesn’t go as in depth, but gives a general outline of things

[@aim5105]

Trying to learn an entire semester of Biology in one night 🙃

[@bigbangsqueen]

me too :')

[@fuckyourfuneral]

Facts💀

[@zo6052]

This is actually me this I hope u passed ur exams this is so memorable....

[@712someone6]

Ai M u mean 13 minutes

[@makaylas8914]

I'm trying to do two semesters... I'm definitely going to fail

[@cloncar101aj7]

Ah the photosynthesis and cellular respiration unit of Biology. Good luck to everyone else suffering :')

[@heciluss5016]

cloncar101 AJ god help me

[@killianoshaughnessy1174]

Try Formal Logic; biology would be a walk in the park.

[@nojoodal-ghamdi5579]

Pray for me

[@GlamourCat1920]

It is a very difficult unit!

[@alexatonkins3181]

doing that rn and I'm dying

[@kamberosa]

It’s been 7 years and I’m gonna need that enzyme puppet show now... 😅

[@granny4life975]

my brain is not excepting this knowledge

[@MRWOOHOO1313]

ilakrnb your brain is not expecting the fact excepting is spelled accepting

[@sciencemiddleschool1956]

Break it down into small steps, one step at a time buddy. Review it several times. One step at a time! When you understand part 1, go to part 2. Never give up.

[@cosmiccosmog3919]

@@MRWOOHOO1313 wooosh

[@evelynt2553]

ilakrnb is that DEAN

[@skinach]

@@cosmiccosmog3919 I don't think that's how the wooosh joke works. Michael is not ignoring the joke, he's just correcting ilakrnb's spelling.

[@tiggytheimpaler5483]

hah, all these people in the comments mentioning that they are watching this the night before their exam how about watching this on the way to class? beat that plebs!

[@seancreamer3349]

What about watching it during class? Beat that

[@boredom3398]

Procrastination at its finest

[@xchwekfb]

Pfff peasant i watched it during the exam

[@Ligierthegreensun]

Watching it before I ever take orgo

[@lijemayne4287]

😂😂😂

[@kaylasea8098]

Who else is cramming for a college bio exam?

[@majedal-bean3015]

iam studying for my ap bio class as a freshman in highschool

[@budgetloki]

i legit have an on line exam right now and a essay to right on this

[@animelovinggamer5712]

Grade 11 Bio

[@yussuf.95]

😭

[@ernestovazquez9129]

Its currently 4:29 am, my test is at 11:00 and lets just say I was doing extra credit for another exam I have later today that now im finally studying for this exam and I fear it might be too late, please pray for me.😅😴

[@beatrisefranzhearts4649]

Everyone's saying "My exam's tomorrow" and I'm like "My exam starts in an hour" ;-;

[@coleman3256]

Glycolysis: Takes place in Cytoplasm is Anaerobic Breaks down Glucose into 2 pyruvate molecules, 2 NADH, and 4 atp Requires 2 ATP investment so a net gain of 2 ATP Krebs Cycle Aerobic, happens across the inner membrane of mitochondria One of the pyruvates is oxidized (combined with oxygen) and leaves the cell as CO2 What's left is a two-carbon compound called acetyl-Coenzyme A (Acetyl CoA) Then another NAD+ comes along and picks up hydrogen becoming NADH Enzymes bring together a phosphate w/ a ADP to create another ATP molecule for each pyruvate (2 ATP) Enzymes also join Acetyl CoA w/ Oxaloacetic Acid to produce citric acid The Citric acid is oxidized, cutting off carbons to prodcue oxaloacetic acid, that's why it’s a cycle Carbons are exhaled by the cell Each time carbon is removed from the citric acid it releases energy in the form of NAD+ and FAD NAD+ and FAD are electron carriers that pick up Hydrogen protons to energize the electrons Each pyruvate yields 3 NADHs and 2FADH2s per cycle and there are two pyruvates from 1 glucose Produces: 2 NADH Electron Transport Chain (ETC) Electrons in all the NADH and FADH2 provide the energy to pump Hydrogen ions across the inner membrane of mitochondria (active transport) creating a Concentration Gradient Because of the Gradient, the H protons want to cross back to the other side of the membra=ane, this forces them through a protein channel called the ATP synthase which uses the movement of the protons to spin and generate ATP Produces: 34 ATP (energy of each electron is producing about 3 ATP each Lactic Acid Fermentation: Anaerobic-only used when there is a lack of oxygen Frees up some NAD+ which create Lactic Acid Buildup Can't make much ATP Your Welcome- u should sub

[@maanraoof3548]

my savior

[@beybeykess4002]

You forgot H2O

[@gracenason2308]

I’m gonna ace this test, ready guys: the miTOCHONDRIA IS THE POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL

[@kismetflash0429]

YESSSSSS

[@nadine-sm3po]

that is literally all i know about biology

[@sleepy1604]

Whoa careful with the controversy lol

[@nadine-sm3po]

Umair oh ma god that’s why i got it wrong on the test 💀💀💀💀

[@A.K.00]

@daddy nadine this is literally all i know about life

[@paulalobo1509]

this was a whole chapter of my book in 13 min omg i love this

[@YasmineEPangxx]

+paula lobo ikr i have a bio test on this tomorrow and these videos are a lifesaver. meanwhile my textbook is like a bible- it's beautiful, it's lifesaving as well, but dang can it be complicated to understand.

[@shaniyawarren6724]

+Yasmine E. Pang my bio test is today and im watching this at 4:00 in the morning desperately trying to inprove my grades

[@gracebaker4553]

+paula lobo same i am writting a paper and the book did not cover this stuff

[@paulalobo1509]

Yasmine E. Pang i just foumd ez notes .put cambel biology and the chapter it helps alot

[@paulalobo1509]

Shaniya W use ez notes omg it helps

[@moayadallahamm8176]

the biology community has the funniest students and this comment section is proof

[@carbonbasedorganism5989]

moayad al lahamm We’re also the most miserable

[@higuyz7872]

"CHINESE YEN". :-D -Well he teaches bio

[@TheChillinPenguin]

I got 94% in my biology christmas exam!! I want Hank to be proud of me more than I want my own parents to be

[@The112Windows]

I am sure he is proud of you.

[@FROPDESAI]

Alison Good. Why would anyone even dislike these videos?

[@antonior1908]

Alison his wife must be proud of you as well. Did you see his ring on his ring finger?

[@user-yh1kq9ch9q]

Alison Seems like another "by product" of Hank's videos.

[@christinea6372]

Antonio R Um...do you mean "The Katherine"? She was the woman standing next to him in the "In Da Club" video...though you might be right. I think she has a degree in science.

[@Zosio]

To everybody out there struggling with this: don't give up! Do not underestimate how much it helps to slowly watch the video bit by bit, over and over. I had to do this quite a few times, but I feel like I've finally got the hang of this. You can do it! And thanks to Hank and the team!

[@matthewdylan]

I've been going to a 2 hour lecture everyday for a week and picked up nothing about Cellular Respiration. Crash course literally taught me and helped me understand this in 13 minutes!

[@xXbussydestroyerXx]

It's the first week, they said... We won't give you any complex homework, they said...

[@fusianducks]

Bio exam tomorrow pray for me

[@wenny2830]

🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻

[@notwalshy]

Same LOL

[@samsky1729]

me too

[@jordanreimer4267]

Exam today

[@dakotam5165]

Same

[@COWHATE]

This 13 minute video summed up my 50 minute long Bio Process class about a 3 weeks ago.....Gotta love the internet.

[@timetime5689]

IM ONLY A HIGH SCHOOL FRESHMAN!! WHY DO THINGS HAVE TO BE SO COMPLICATED!!

[@Pussyypirate]

Same I have a quiz tm! And my teacher sucks so I have learned nothing and we’re already in second quarter!!

[@anshulwadhwani5534]

same here ikr

[@ameliemena9725]

Mood

[@Ghosth0e]

its wild cause if you choose to attend college you'll be faced with these same concepts again lol its crazy how you're probably 14-15 learning the concepts im relearning as a 19 year old lol

[@noice9782]

when u learn more watching crash course vids than paying attention in class

[@noaefron2105]

I used to watch these videos all the time in high school and they got me through AP bio my sophomore year... I took a few years off after high school (so its been a while), and now that I'm in university majoring in biology, crash course is once again saving my life - thank you!!

[@kingjonstarkgeryan8573]

College Bio Exam tomorrow. Please pray for me.

[@kingjonstarkgeryan8573]

Pavan Bopara Dues Vult Heathan!!!

[@kingjonstarkgeryan8573]

Pavan Bopara It was a Crusader Kings 2 joke.

[@dylanoliver4861]

damn man i'm a freshman in highschool and i have to do all of this

[@Kquhai]

Bro, Same, I've got midterms next week and a bio test tomorrow. I have to go here cause my teacher is just confusing me.

[@kristenwhite5153]

I have a midterm tomorrow

[@amandabivens247]

I watch all of the crash course biology videos while studying for my biology class. While I like my instructor, he is not very descriptive about the biological processes themselves. I am always lost in class, and then have to come watch videos to see the processes, and understand. I can memorize definitions all day, but I have to see stuff in action to be able to truly understand it. Thanks guys! You are my heroes!

[@sleepy1604]

Amanda Bivens mines scatter brained and I can’t keep myself with her cause she’s all over the dang place

[@zachsmith158]

On behalf of every IB Biology student around the world, I just wanna say thank you 🙏

[@esther9210]

Can we switch brains for my test?😫

[@msjsss1102]

Not possible, I thought ur learning bio. U should know

[@ompal1003]

@@msjsss1102 lmao

[@jamarimcfarlane4844]

@@msjsss1102 if u take out your brain, will u die?

[@PersimmonHurmo]

@@jamarimcfarlane4844 yes, very dead

[@TheMajesticKnight]

@@msjsss1102 lmaoooo

[@AsiaChan]

thank you hank green, you don't know how many lives you have saved

[@shantanukawale9127]

Asia Chan well he really saved mine

[@W3AFed]

Man, I wish Hank was my Biology teacher. My teachers made it so complicated when they were talking about ATP production in the ETC, but now I totally get it!

[@GothicElf68]

He has a psychology crash course series as well, that is just as good. Hank is awesome.

[@thedysfunctionalpsychos5342]

Stuart? At least they try and teach😂 mine certainly doesnt

[@kottayami5391]

In video form,it's way easier to teach.Including animations for visual aid. But true,he seems advanced at Science.

[@callmecookie6945]

i know right I dont really understand it when my teacher explains but when I look at these videos a lightbulb goes off😂

[@natedole8276]

it helps if you can rewind...

[@gracie6337]

Even after 11 years, this video is still used by a student who is cramming the night before… it’s me. I’m the student

[@makibunn]

MY AP TEST IS IN TEN MINUTES I DON'T HAVE TIME FOR THE JOKES AHFSABFDSBJFBFJSJ WATCHING AT 2X SPEED

[@evaa6909]

You are currently my hero. My textbook is terribly written and it only took 13 mins to go from struggling to understand even one cycle to 98% on my test. What would I do without you Hank.

[@weendylry5598]

good luck to all of you that are going to sit for Biology exam :D god bless

[@crystalinexiii2638]

thanks. appreciated

[@mariacillan9668]

Bio exam is tomorrow, and thanks ^_^

[@kaitsune00]

Wenndey Luvette mines tomorrow!😭 good luck to others too

[@weendylry5598]

Lash Clash i passed with flying colors 😘

[@anselally4408]

you're pretty, marry me

[@brandonjohnson5182]

What youtube videos does this guy watch to get ready for HIS presentations?

[@noelleveronica9589]

CRAMMING THE NIGHT BEFORE MY BIO EXAM, WHO'S WITH ME?!?!

[@nate9755]

I am Right now!!!!!

[@joshuathompson566]

Gang

[@jessipl]

All I do to prepare for bio tests and now this exam is rewatch all of Hank's videos and make notes on them.

[@dantesprull1832]

Despite all of the hate left on your comment log, I thought this was a very educational and entertaining explanation of respiration. The visual displays were awesome, The sound effects kept me amused and the fun facts were note worthy. I hope to see many more videos from Hank and Crash Course

[@eontami929]

Dante Sprull I WAS THINKING THE SAME THING! so much hate out there. This is made to coincide with your education, not replace it.

[@Sydvicious_studios]

Me: watches video night before test in hopes of understanding Also me: wtf is he even saying (No offense to your video I'm just an idiot)

[@hannahjihyun]

HellNaw ToTheNawNawNaw me

[@lucyedward1163]

HellNaw ToTheNawNawNaw I have a bio exam in less than 12 hours

[@ylam4832]

FanGirl ASMRandMORE literally me

[@satishbhai3322]

Y Man and 1girl group sex hd movie Jacky sheriff court on on the

[@little-furina]

Better than me I have my test in two hours and am scrambling to figure this out...

[@juliagipson6129]

Having a panic attack from my bio course breezing through this and moving on in 45 min. With attention and learning issues, I must work 6x as hard to understand simple concepts. Your program has really helped me and others like myself to stay afloat. Thank you sooo very much!!

[@tiffanyhuynh1890]

Thanks for this great video! Some other helpful things to note that were not explicitly stated in the video: -The Krebs Cycle occurs in the inside of the inner mitochondrial membrane AKA in the mitochondrial matrix. -Another name for the Krebs Cycle/Citric Acid Cycle is the Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) Cycle, so if you ever hear those terms, know that they all refer to the same process. -Cellular respiration occurs not only in animal cells but also in plant cells.

[@Jazzerbean]

This is probably the most complex topic in Cell Biology. It's a little difficult to keep track of what's being broken down, what and how much is produced and most of all, how is it all produced. Thanks for the visuals and keeping this topic entertaining.

[@birdies8397]

Jazzerlat45 It really does help if you just write out the whole mechanism. It really helps you understand what's going on and what's produced (and the names of the enzymes and products being created). I think oversimplifying such a complex process like this does more harm than good: it just leads to confusion. It really makes a lot of sense if you just draw the whole thing out, step by step, molecule by molecule.

[@zachary6281]

Night before finals, eating cookies and drinking hot chocolate, for a last minute review! This is the college life.

[@WeAreObject]

Same lol

[@TheSoHysterical]

+Zachary Goodrode But this is a high school level lesson?

[@zachary6281]

+So Hysterical Not necessarily. It's got some college level bits. Not doctorate level, but it served its purpose teamed with other vids. Cheers.

[@TheSoHysterical]

Hmm.. You learn something new everyday haha

[@amazonwarrior4743]

that sounds amazing!!

[@jumisjam]

Im a college student and watching this like 10 mins before my midterm 😅😅

[@thandolwethumdlalose7340]

you,my friend,are an O.G

[@Pandaiian]

SAMEE

[@emilycaballero6052]

I’m watching this before my final I am never going to think about biology again after this

[@june-again]

do you want a medal? hope you did well

[@TheMajesticKnight]

Procrastination at its finest lol

[@stephvarchia2723]

Btw Yen is Japanese currency and Yuan is chinese currency

[@AlexanderWung]

Can I just add something that confused me for a while and only recently understood it. Glucose does not "produce" 32 ATP molecules. It provides the hydrogen ions to create a potential difference between the membrane which can then be used to synthesise ADP into ATP. The molecules of the ADP, ATP, and the phosphate group that breaks off/attaches on to ATP/ADP circulate around the whole system, again, they aren't "produced" by glucose alone. I was struggling over this concept for over a month before I had a deeper look into this, and thought this might benefit another person who came to this video looking for help.

[@notadog1701]

Alexander Wung Actually, Glucose provides the electrons required for the ETC to create the proton gradient.

[@AccuphaseMan]

+Alexander Wung i have a friend called alexander wong

[@duser]

+Alexander Wung You can think of it as a power plant (brace for some long physics and more chemistry). Lets take a coal plant (ignore the environment for now or lets just say that proper measures have been placed to make sure the environment gets left alone) The glucose is the raw material in the reaction like coal. Its molecules contain all the energy in the form of chemical energy. During glycolysis, energy is needed to break the bonds in the glucose molecule (like activation energy). This is why we need the initial supply of ATP, to provide the activation energy. This is like heating the coal up in order for them to burn. Once the bonds are broken, the formation of new bonds releases more energy such as the formation of pyruvate molecules and 4 ATP molecules in glycolysis. Next, the energy that remains in the pyruvate molecules is extracted. In the Kalvin cycle the energy remaining in the pyruvate is extracted but is not directly stored in the form of chemical energy in ATP yet. It is instead stored in the form of chemical energy the molecules NADH and FADH2. Back in the power plant, this is like the coals burning and releasing energy into the water around them. The energy that was stored in the coal is not converted into electricity directly, but converted into heat energy in the water, which is then utilized to get the electrical energy. Finally, we get to the electron transport chain. The energy of the NADH and FADH2 is converted into potential energy in the proton gradient (hydrogen ions concentration gradient). This new form of energy is then used to synthesize ATP as the protons flow down their gradient and activate ATP synthesase. Back in the coal plant, the heat energy is used to turn the turbine blade, the heat energy is converted into kinetic energy. the turning blade then produces energy. quit simply, glucose doesnt form ATP, but the energy stored in glucose is transferred to ATP through cellular respiration. Energy is flowing from glucose to other molecules and finally ATP.

[@bhargavagowda8434]

+Alexander Wung Correct me if I'm wrong, but in glycolysis and krebs cycle, molecules derived from glucose ie. pyruvates and acetyl coA are used to make ATP. So glucose makes some ATPs while the rest are made from the potential difference. Also I'm pretty sure that anaerobic bacteria get most of their ATP from glycolysis in which glucose is broken up to directly produce ATP.

[@bianca12727]

This video made me realise I need to learn chemistry.

[@LucaPed94]

LOL i said the same i think ill start with crash course chemistry

[@Bobbylim323]

This video is too simplified for my test 😭the intermediate names are pure cancer

[@cindybabii]

DEADASS

[@theterminalstupidityvariet1629]

Ah, midterms. The less terrifying finals

[@isabellabennici2264]

I have those next week and I don’t get this at all🥺

[@lydia6613]

For those who are wondering, a phosphoglucoisomerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate into fructose 6-phosphate in the second step of glycolysis.

[@tomisoetan9061]

I still love you asapscience, but, I've found someone else... what we had together was special, in Grade 9 i nearly learnt the periodic table because of you! but crash course, well he makes me feel so smart, so ready for any quiz. I would always love you, and cherish the time we had together and maybe one day we'll get back together... I'm still going to spend time with you but I think we should see other people. I'll always love you asapscience.

[@tadimpsnola]

This kind of made me sad .. And reminded me of other emotions

[@David-xw2sy]

+tatiana jacques Awww, it was just a Biology reference. No need for feelings in science!

[@user-xx5nk1wv1e]

Lol, ASAPscience will always be my first love too XD What grade are you in now? I'm in 12th

[@tgrey1885]

Bio final tomorrow...pray for me please.

[@MidnightOpal]

I wish you all the best!

[@MidnightOpal]

My finals aren't until after break, which is terribly challenging after vacationing for a month.

[@tgrey1885]

I got a 96 on my honors bio final. Yay!!!!! Good luck on all your finals everyone.

[@GoombaJMR]

+T Grey Same here. Omg

[@tgrey1885]

Haha twins! :)

[@oliviabaer7276]

quick salute for this man who is single-handedly getting me through AP Bio *heart eyes*

[@tharealgavgav8306]

senior undergrad pre-med major here... still using CrashCourse

[@wonjaejang8975]

great studying is being done with this for bio midterms. THANKS

[@katefirestone7998]

I wish they had like on line test after every episode to help you understand it even more

[@TheLugiaSong]

Well there's always past papers + mark schemes. Going through papers is great revision I think :)

[@isabellaira7851]

11:58 Perfectly Balanced As All Things Should Be

[@thedaytontriangle3448]

I wish good luck to Hank

[@madeleinedeardorff]

Who's cramming for the AP bio exam Monday!!!!!

[@InnanetSlatt]

Who the fuck dislikes this video? It's both interesting and educational.

[@HarunDanyal]

Why even worry? You benefited from it, but not everyone has to.

[@neohenry8292]

I would say some creationists, but I'm being too bias there.

[@krishanbansalphotos]

vverewolfchick Not everyone hates it, just people who don't like learning.

[@lmTheDudeMan]

or people who'd rather watch real lecture instead of wasting time going completely off the topic by some weirdo :)

[@AdventuresOfMinty]

lmTheDudeMan Well this video isn't a Lecture but more of a review and crash course on the topic. If this was a lecture, it'd be typically 30 minutes to an hour long for obvious reasons.

[@EmmaGrant-ye1xh]

This video has made me feel more ready for my bio test tmr

[@margaretthym8234]

It's 2020 and my "Science for Teachers" instructor assigned this video and I am a happy nerdfighter for that! Will continue to use these videos in my class as a student and I'll use crash course kids when I have my own classroom one day! :D

[@andeedawn5389]

Hank talking abt the cellular respiration in 13 mins. made me understand WAY BETTER than my teacher's lecture for 50 freaking minutes

[@elwynbrooks]

HANK MY PROFESSOR LINKED THIS AS A GOOD RESOURCE I AM SO HAPPY RIGHT NOW

[@victoriamaras8166]

Yeah my teacher did too! I was so excited, I've been using it for bio all year and I'm just glad that he sees it as a good resource as well. I hear too often about the evils of the internet, particularly KZbin, killing the brains of our generation.

[@kayleighcantrell7035]

Mine did too! She actually posts links to these almost every week! I've been watching for a while, but now all my Nerdfighter high school friends freak out. ^^

[@boochigaming9781]

yes.. i've learned so much.. i better link this to my teacher.. :D

[@ypam5576]

Thank you for making that easy to watch and learn from AND entertaining at the same time. Much appreciated!!

[@lulazeta8965]

BEST WAY TO EXPLAIN A COMPLICATED PROCESS. MOST VIDEOS DON'T ACHIEVE THE GOAL. CONGRATULATIONS "CRASH COURSE"!!! Graphics, Pauses, descriptions..excellent!!

[@onthejon5326]

Crash Course: The best place to go to when you haven't studied for months

[@juliawiseman4102]

Hank Green is my favorite crash course teacher. Thank you for helping me become more confident in my psychology and science courses for nursing school. I'm a huge fan! You're the best, Mr. Green.

[@abdullahosaid7978]

00:00 Cellular respiration is how we derive energy from glucose. 01:37 ATP is the currency of biological energy 03:16 ATP is minted through cellular respiration 04:44 Glycolysis generates 2 ATPs and 2 NADH 06:30 Anaerobic respiration leads to lactic acid build-up in muscles 08:13 Enzymes in the Krebs Cycle create ATP and CO2 through a complex cycle. 10:09 B vitamins Niacin and Riboflavin hold high energy electrons for later use in the Electron Transport Chain 11:44 Animal cells make ATP through cellular respiration

[@wishingb5859]

You did a great job! I have been watching a lot of music videos on the Cell and Cell respiration and your crash course added a whole lot of little tidbits. I didn't know that glycolysis took place in the cytoplasm. I mentally was in the Mitochondria and I had learned through the songs that glycolysis didn't need oxygen, but I don't remember them saying that the Kreb's Cycle and Electron Transport Chain did. I also loved the three kids who don't get along on the same seat of the bus analogy. That actually did happen on the school bus when I was young and then one gets off and it was such a relief. Yes, I learned a lot.

[@auser1234]

That's how you teach biology. I hate the biology teachers at my school they just read out the text books. You rock!!

[@stellar052111]

love

[@Sammyblackout]

Who needs to go to lectures when I have a book and this?

[@MacMac548]

Samantha Yarnell lol exactly

[@miguelb2421]

?

[@MacMac548]

Miguel B yo can u not

[@nomdeplume1358]

+Macky Schmit Are you going to sit and there and do nothing or are you going to put him in his place??

[@luay110]

+Miguel B u r a pervert

[@flagshipbuilds]

I remember when this channel first started and now am seeing a video for an assignment! Good for you Crash Course!

[@themaizfamily5074]

studying for my personal trainer certification it's been so much easier with your videos (specially bc english is not my first language and sometimes I don't get anything from the books 😂) THANK YOU SO MUCH! I love your way to explain and all the colorful graphics!!!

[@rachelk.6918]

Raise your hand if you're cramming for an AP test!

[@emmy8548]

Rachel K. CLEP.

[@aishadiallo9514]

Sat subject test 😩

[@leilasmith1360]

Aisha Diallo me too 😭

[@ksizzle5375]

Rachel K. Me

[@briwalker5392]

🙋🏻‍♀️🙋🏻‍♀️ meeeee

[@thelegendaryluxray6088]

Wish me luck on my test (tuesday). I'm gonna need it!!!

[@muffinchini]

+The Legendary Luxray how did it go?

[@thelegendaryluxray6088]

muffinchini 96%, the highest grade in my class!!!!!!

[@gracebaker4553]

+The Legendary Luxray AWESOOME

[@thelegendaryluxray6088]

Grace Baker Thanksssss

[@gracebaker4553]

WELCOME

[@somethingsomething2541]

Apparently after reading comments... I realised that you guys are being taught this stuff in collage.... And here is me...in my country we study this in school.

[@e.g4059]

which grade

[@somethingsomething2541]

11th.... High school

[@e.g4059]

Is it standard classes or extended/advanced

[@_pi6063]

This ABSOLUTELY HELPED!!. I soooo appreciate these courses soo much.

[@marktuan9298]

guys please pray for me to pass the test. I dont want to dissappoint my parent. wish me luck

[@elisenechelput9568]

good luck :)

[@Bethskees]

I'm screaming. Mark is my ultimate bias lmao

[@destinygordon7059]

Dont worry you'll pass good luck

[@AckzaTV]

don't worry, you can always make your other parent proud

[@dominikamaciejasz8698]

and how did it go?

[@elainecartermusic]

My biology exam is tomorrow and I know everything now because of this video. I have this weird way of memorising things that interest me or its so visual that it stays in my mind. That is why I'm sure I will do well tomorrow. Great video! Crashcourse is the best way to study! Thanks a lot

[@Toyon95]

* *Le jealousy* *

[@pepi-memes.allday1302]

I HAVE HAD 4 CLASSES TRY TO EXPLAIN TO ME WHAT YOU DID IN LESS THAN 15 MINS. this is why I watch crash course, the moment you said money my brain started to work THANK YOU

[@l4vender.te469]

Using this to study for my bio exam!! I've failed every other test in that class, so I'll update on this one :)

[@stefanbiggs2581]

bro how did it go

[@amygarcia3729]

I feel ya bio is my worst class lol

[@Matejamakeup]

lol when you're cramming for midterms the night before @ME

[@nomorepartiezz]

+Mateja me 2

[@Hard2theXcore]

+Mateja And now here /I/ am a few months later cramming for finals

[@Bettyisbroke]

i just dont .. i cant.. i dont understand ... IDONTUNDERSTAND *cries*

[@FROPDESAI]

***** There there.

[@FROPDESAI]

***** *too

[@sprognosisj8924]

***** Try Bozeman Science. Paul Anderson explains things well.

[@tordeohorselover1234]

+lolitzyvettexD SAME omg . I hate AP bio

[@tordeohorselover1234]

Yup!

[@alexeamiller9978]

HIM - "Working out would make us drunk, which would be pretty awesome" ME - 😂😂😂😂

[@jessicasotkovsky4904]

thank you for helping me understand this concept! I watched it right before a final and it really helped.

[@xxfarleyjdxx]

You've explained this better in 13 minutes than my bio professor did in 3 hours. This is going to help me with my exam in the morning.

[@missred2395]

Didn't expect cramming for my AP test to be so funny.

[@skribbly2378]

+MsMuscle Same

[@christinetao192]

What is an AP test? Is this like... Ib?

[@davidaleonard6319]

I came back to this video to study for my bio exam tomorrow xD

[@thatwalfordguy5066]

+Davida Leonard same

[@davidaleonard6319]

Awesome aha:p

[@mjr8456]

i love the way you are reading the content, thank for video editor, you used ATP to cut & join the video to educate me. Good staff.

[@warriorcatskid003]

I just found out CC did a bio series! This is gonna be so helpful! Y’all are already basically teaching me psych!

[@moonbunniee6050]

Actually it's *Japanese Yen not Chinese. China uses RMB

[@ruoyicao1747]

+moon bunniee LoL

[@laurapattison9929]

+moon bunniee I think he's thinking of Chinese yuan and just mispronouncing it slightly by not making the 'oo' sound. Team Hank!! ...Ahem

[@yuuka7856]

+moon bunniee Lmao, he really does say "Chinese Yen", honest to god.

[@sophieyates3645]

+moon bunniee stop trying to protect him guys. Just accept that he made a mistake and that's fine. I live in japan and it's definitely JAPANESE YEN.

[@notfound9491]

+Jasmin Castilla i dont care

[@adidasamm7912]

If this video gets me an A on my bio quiz tomorrow, I'll like and subscribe.

[@jeranichols2002]

Did it?

[@kotosqoposrly]

+Adidas AMM Why the coercion?

[@CHAOS80120]

Omg same

[@alannar.8701]

I'm on the edge of my seat. How did you do?

[@laratheplanespotter]

Cell membranes are incredible and gets me so excited. I just think all things cell membranes, how ATP supports life and how mitochondria used to be bacteria that our bodies evolved to decide ‘I like you, I like what you could do for me, want to come inside?’ And the protein channels etc. it’s all just so fascinating and exciting.

[@dulcer4734]

The comments are just all pour souls studying a minute before the test. lol same af