Рет қаралды 2,053
Porcupine Fish
Video captured at Red Pillar Coral Reef Site, Swaraj Dweep (Havelock), India.
Porcupine fish are fish belonging to the family Diodontidae (order Tetraodontiformes), also commonly called blow fish and, sometimes, balloon fish and globe fish. They are sometimes collectively called puffer fish, not to be confused with the morphologically similar and closely related Tetraodontidae, which are more commonly given this name.
Porcupine fish have the ability to inflate their bodies by swallowing water or air, thereby becoming rounder. This increase in size (almost double vertically) reduces the range of potential predators to those with much bigger mouths. A second defense mechanism is provided by the sharp spines, which radiate outwards when the fish is inflated.
Some species are poisonous, having tetrodotoxin in their internal organs, such as the ovaries and liver. This neurotoxin is at least 1200 times more potent than cyanide. The poison is produced by several types of bacteria obtained from the fish's diet. As a result of these three defenses, porcupine fish have few predators, although adults are sometimes preyed upon by sharks and killer whales. Juveniles are also preyed on by Lysiosquillina maculata, tuna, and dolphins.
Porcupine fish are eaten as food fish and are an exotic delicacy in Cebu, Philippines, where they are called tagotongan.
The porcupine fish is mentioned in Charles Darwin's famous account of his trip around the world, The Voyage of the Beagle. He noted how the fish can swim quite well when inflated, though the altered buoyancy requires them to do so upside down. Darwin also mentioned hearing that a fellow naturalist, Dr. Allen of Forres, had "frequently found a Diodon, floating alive and distended, in the stomach of the shark; and that on several occasions he has known it eat its way, not only through the coats of the stomach, but through the sides of the monster".
A puffer fish named Bloat was voiced by Brad Garrett appeared in the 2003 Disney/Pixar animated film Finding Nemo and the 2016 sequel Finding Dory.
Information Source: Wikipedia