Battery 101: The Fundamentals of How A Lithium-Ion Battery Works

[@harrybrielmann189]

Simplest explanations are the best, and this is the best explanation of how a Lithium ion battery works I've seen, and totally different from most explanations on the web that avoid anything close to a chemical reaction occurring. As a teacher I also include that during discharge lithium is oxidized and Iron is reduced, and I show the two half reactions. I also point out that as wittingham and Padhi pointed out in the 1970's, the real challenge is that the best designs essentially intercalate lithium on both sides without significantly altering the structure of the anode and cathode materials...which may help explain why silicon anodes with their huge swelling rates have been so challenging

[@mplundr]

Concise, substantive and without AI claptrap. Thank you.

[@adam3896]

thank you for being detailed enough for a good understandning but not diving in the nitty gritty, really helpful

[@florentinosanchez3969]

BEST VIDEO EVER!! Thank you so much. After years of looking for explanations, this was the easiest to understand with a simple but great explanation.❤❤❤

[@doolanbrian]

Very well explained, great video

[@HyunukHa]

Very intuitive introduction to Battery!

[@renato6165]

Excelente informe ! Muy bien explicado.

[@Soviet_Microwave]

Thank you so much, im a boy scout and this really helps with the electricity badge!

[@BASE5NYC]

how the hell did someone figure out how to make batteries.

[@elithewatcher9805]

look on ted ed cuh

[@johnjefferson1104]

Some weirdo was messing around with frogs in jars

[@Standard080105]

Thank you for the video. But how do you design a separator that allows Li+ to pass but not electrons? Or if there were nothing in the electrolyte to transport electrons, why would you need a separator?

[@alexsofianos3341]

The electrons are moving outside the battery; they comprise the electricity provided by the cell! The separator is essential for keeping the cathode and the anode separated from each other!

[@riosaputra2979]

I'm still confused about the reaction during charging. As I understand the reaction in the cathode is always reduction and the reaction in the anode is always oxidation, but your diagram shows the opposite. The reaction during charging in the cathode is oxidation (loss of electron) and the reaction in the anode is reduction (gain of electron). Can you please explain what is the reason? Thanks

[@davel7037]

😭😭😭

[@eggheadreport]

@riosaputra2979 ChatGPT agrees with you, and so do I. He explained it wrong. That's the explanation. Reduction is the reducing of ions on the cathode side. electrons flow from the anode through the wire to power a device, back into the wire into the cathode (black terminal), the electrons then neutralize the ions that are on the cathode side, which in turn just become normal lithium atoms (no longer ionized), the lithium atoms get absorbed into the anode graphite. voltage is a function of an electric field which is a consequence of polarity. polarity is caused from differences in electric charge (positive side of battery / negative side of battery), this voltage is what causes the electrons to leave the anode in the first place, therefore, the anode side MUST have that extra electron in a neutral lithium atom to lose.

[@flowyscreations]

Reduction always takes place at the cathode and oxidation always takes place at the anode. During charging, the setup is behaving as an electrolytic cell which needs an EMF to drive it. during discharge however, the seup is behaving as a galvanic cell (battery) which is a spontaneous reaction. The sign convention is different for both types of cells but the nature of the reaction remains the same. During charging (electrolytic cell), the anode is +ve, and the cathode is -ve BUT during discharging (galvanic cell), the anode is negative and the cathode is positive. Hope this helps

[@Kemaaaaa]

Thank you

[@mrshodz]

How are different voltages produced by the chemical reaction in a battery?

[@neilwani1178]

I thought the batteries are small. Like 3.2 volt. But there are many of them. So you add all of them in series.

[@simonhicken3892]

It's because of a different urge to give up electrons as a metal and get solved. The chemical balance of the reaction Me -> Me+ + e- is different for every metal. That's one reason for choosing lithium. Lithium has a high urge to give away its electrons and become an Ion

[@ambience.007]

Whattt cathode is + charged?

[@BoBo-kg1me]

He's mixing up galvanic cells and electrolytic cells. What explained is true for galvanic cells

[@boomikaboomika5666]

Why the anode is negative and cathode is positive

[@robj1646]

What you are saying is not correct! Only when charging a battery, the cathode is negative. The definitions of cathode and anode in an electrochemical cell are: at the cathode, chemical reduction takes place, at the anode chemical oxidation.

[@jonathanbloomfield2603]

but lead batteries are recyclable. are lithium

[@dragonfly_energy]

Yes, lithium batteries are recyclable.

[@bikedude019]

Recycling is a commodity business. Only the most valuable material is removed to be recycled, and the rest goes to landfill, in the oceans, or deported to countries with no regulations or laws on waste management.