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Barabar caves are a set of 7 rock-cut-caves dating back to the third century BC. These are located on the twin hills of Barabar and Nagarjuni. These are also known as Lomas Rishi Cave, Sudama Cave and Vishwamitra Cave among the locals.
Each of the Barabar caves, 4 in Barabar and 3 in Nagarjuni, are carved out of granite and feature two chambers each along with a highly polished surface, completely missing any kind of sculpture or embellishments.
Barabar caves are also known for their architecture and these are the very caves which saw the use of the Chaitya Arch in stone for the first time. The inscriptions found in here date it to the Mauryan period.
The inscription in the Sudama cave informs that the four caves on Barabar hill were assigned by King Ashoka to Ajivika monks in 261 BC. Another inscription on the Nagarjuni hill is of the grandson of King Ashoka, Dasaratha Maurya, which tells that the Ajivikas continued to enjoy imperial Mauryan patronage for long.
The Marabar Caves are fictional caves which appear in the novel A Passage to India and the film of the same name. The caves are based on the real life Barabar Caves located in the Jehanabad District of Bihar, India. They serve as an important plot location and motif in the novel. Key features of the caves are the glass-smooth walls and a peculiar resonant echo magnifying any sound made in the caves. Forster chose the caves to set a turning point in the novel. Not just for Adela, but also for Mrs Moore, Cyril Fielding and Dr Aziz the caves mark a turning point in the novel and their lives. The caves are significant because they mark the hollowness in the lives of the four main characters. None of them is getting what he wants and is trying to find a balance in life amid expanding chaos.
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