Tap to unmute

C4 Pathway Carbon Fixation

  Рет қаралды 162,188

Hussain Biology

Hussain Biology

Күн бұрын

C3 Cycle : • Photosynthesis - Calvi...
Photorespiration : • Photorespiration Pathway
In this video we have discussed the C4 Pathway in Plants which avoids the Photorespiration pathway in plants .
C4 carbon fixation or the Hatch-Slack pathway is a photosynthetic process in some plants. It is the first step in extracting carbon from carbon dioxide to be able to use it in sugar and other biomolecules. It is one of three known processes for carbon fixation. "C4" refers to the four-carbon molecule that is the first product of this type of carbon fixation.
C4 fixation is an elaboration of the more common C3 carbon fixation and is believed to have evolved more recently. C4 overcomes the tendency of the enzyme RuBisCO to wastefully fix oxygen rather than carbon dioxide in the process of photorespiration. This is achieved by ensuring that RuBisCO works in an environment where there is a lot of carbon dioxide and very little oxygen. CO
2 is shuttled via malate or aspartate from mesophyll cells to bundle-sheath cells. In these bundle-sheath cells CO
2 is released by decarboxylation of the malate. C4 plants use PEP carboxylase to capture more CO
2 in the mesophyll cells. PEP carboxylase (three carbons) binds to CO
2 to make oxaloacetic acid (OAA). OAA then makes malate (four carbons). Malate enters bundle sheath cells and releases the CO
2. These additional steps, however, require more energy in the form of ATP. Using this extra energy, C4 plants are able to more efficiently fix carbon in drought, high temperatures, and limitations of nitrogen or CO
2. Since the more common C3 pathway does not require this extra energy, it is more efficient in the other conditions.
In C3 plants, the first step in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis involves the fixation of CO
2 by the enzyme RuBisCO into 3-phosphoglycerate. However, due to the dual carboxylase and oxygenase activity of RuBisCo, some part of the substrate is oxidized rather than carboxylated, resulting in loss of substrate and consumption of energy, in what is known as photorespiration.
In order to bypass the photorespiration pathway, C4 plants have developed a mechanism to efficiently deliver CO
2 to the RuBisCO enzyme. They use their specific leaf anatomy where chloroplasts exist not only in the mesophyll cells in the outer part of their leaves but in the bundle sheath cells as well. Instead of direct fixation to RuBisCO in the Calvin cycle, CO
2 is incorporated into a four-carbon organic acid, which has the ability to regenerate CO
2 in the chloroplasts of the bundle sheath cells. Bundle sheath cells can then use this CO
2 to generate carbohydrates by the conventional C3 pathway.

Пікірлер: 116
@samhazard1019
@samhazard1019 4 жыл бұрын
Sir tomorrow is my exam and I could not understand c4 cycle. imagine how much this 3 minute video helped me. i am greatful for you sir. thank u so much
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 4 жыл бұрын
All the best
@saymarahman374
@saymarahman374 3 жыл бұрын
Great! Loved the way you’re writing and teaching. Thank you so much sir. 🌟
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 3 жыл бұрын
thanks for appreciation....Glad it helps...✌️✌️
@raghavnigam3287
@raghavnigam3287 2 жыл бұрын
noob
@beingmyself6163
@beingmyself6163 4 жыл бұрын
Your way of teaching is wonderful. Thank you. Hoping to see more such videos...
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 4 жыл бұрын
thanks for appreciation.. Glad to know that it helps ✌️
@Khadiryusufhassen
@Khadiryusufhassen 22 күн бұрын
Excellent ❤❤❤
@sanajoshi1416
@sanajoshi1416 3 жыл бұрын
Tomorrow's my biology's final exam! Oh god ..... Thank you for this ... It helped me sir !😊😊
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 3 жыл бұрын
thanks for appreciation..Glad it helps ✌️
@tenzinloday9609
@tenzinloday9609 2 жыл бұрын
This is so underrated. Thank you
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 2 жыл бұрын
thanks for appreciation ✌️
@kamnabaghel3674
@kamnabaghel3674 4 жыл бұрын
Thanku sir for instant knowledge before test 👍🙏
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 4 жыл бұрын
All the best....👍
@kamnabaghel3674
@kamnabaghel3674 4 жыл бұрын
@@hussainbiology thanku sir
@shivabalda5894
@shivabalda5894 4 жыл бұрын
Bro your explanation is fantastic and useful 👌👍
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 4 жыл бұрын
thanks for appreciation
@vardhangamingzone9369
@vardhangamingzone9369 4 жыл бұрын
Tnq.. sir.. now my doute is too clarity. Tnq. So much
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 4 жыл бұрын
thanks for appreciation..Glad to know that it helps ✌️
@jaisankar6147
@jaisankar6147 3 жыл бұрын
Nice explanation sir.Thanks a lot👍
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 3 жыл бұрын
thanks for appreciation
@juliojaime3117
@juliojaime3117 4 жыл бұрын
The phosphogycolate (PGAL) produced through photorespiration while it does get fixed to be a phosphoglycerate (PGA) it’s a C-2 and not a C-3.
@shaikhhabib3810
@shaikhhabib3810 Жыл бұрын
Thank you so much for such a nice explanation ☺️
@dazzlingtripathi491
@dazzlingtripathi491 3 жыл бұрын
Best explanation 👍🏻
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 3 жыл бұрын
thanks for appreciation..Glad it helps ✌️
@Shubham-mf4vh
@Shubham-mf4vh 2 жыл бұрын
Nice explained 😍
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 2 жыл бұрын
Glad you liked it
@Easybotanytastybotany
@Easybotanytastybotany 4 жыл бұрын
Excellent 👍👍🙏
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 4 жыл бұрын
Thanks
@Girl_in_the_white_coat
@Girl_in_the_white_coat 4 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much sir..You helped me soo much..keep up the good work🖤
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 4 жыл бұрын
You are welcome..Keep sharing and supporting ✌️
@MohdBilal
@MohdBilal 4 жыл бұрын
thank you so much for such a great content!!
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 4 жыл бұрын
Thanks for appreciation
@bhatsaimanabi7724
@bhatsaimanabi7724 2 жыл бұрын
Best for revision 💞
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 2 жыл бұрын
Acha.. Padhne k liye nahin... Fr b thanks ✌️
@bhatsaimanabi7724
@bhatsaimanabi7724 2 жыл бұрын
No sir I didn't mean that ...I mean I have a biologically test tmrw n this is a life saver ♥️
@sadiahameed8495
@sadiahameed8495 4 жыл бұрын
Thank u so much bro... Amazing lecture
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 4 жыл бұрын
thanks for appreciation..Glad to know that it helps ✌️
@laibanoor3598
@laibanoor3598 2 жыл бұрын
Great lecture
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 2 жыл бұрын
thanks for appreciation.. Glad it helps ✌️
@paflex098
@paflex098 4 жыл бұрын
Best teacher ever
@pratibhamishra9915
@pratibhamishra9915 Жыл бұрын
Thankyou so much sir ❤
@chelseawilliams8493
@chelseawilliams8493 5 жыл бұрын
Super helpful, thank you!
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 5 жыл бұрын
thanks for appreciation..Glad to know that it helps
@mousamkisku5985
@mousamkisku5985 2 жыл бұрын
The enzyme required for the co2 fixation in c4 cycle is.? (1) PEP carboxylase (2)RUBP oxygenase (3)RUBP carboxylase (4)PGA dehydrogenase ... Sir right answer Bata dijye.
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 2 жыл бұрын
PEP Carboxylase
@learnersparadise5092
@learnersparadise5092 5 жыл бұрын
Excellent 👍👍👍
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 5 жыл бұрын
thanks Nidhi for appreciation....
@dr.muzafarhussain9821
@dr.muzafarhussain9821 4 жыл бұрын
Add more vedios...nice job
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 4 жыл бұрын
InshaAllah
@soldiergaming7060
@soldiergaming7060 Жыл бұрын
Is this cycle connected with microbial physiology
@navyajose9231
@navyajose9231 2 жыл бұрын
Thankyou for help understand better
@palakbaliyan6678
@palakbaliyan6678 3 жыл бұрын
Sir, according to ncert, rubisco is absent in mesophyll cells
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 3 жыл бұрын
Yes in case of C4 plants ( so that these plants evade Photorespiration )
@palakbaliyan6678
@palakbaliyan6678 3 жыл бұрын
@@hussainbiology oky, thankyou sir
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 3 жыл бұрын
@@palakbaliyan6678 most welcome..✌️
@PranayBrajabashi
@PranayBrajabashi 2 жыл бұрын
First sugar in c4 plant ?
@lui7948
@lui7948 9 ай бұрын
Thankyou❤
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 9 ай бұрын
You're welcome 😊
@induchoudhary2810
@induchoudhary2810 5 жыл бұрын
Can u please uploads topics of enzymes please
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 5 жыл бұрын
Hi Smaira , i have put out atleast 4 videos under processing which will occupy next 4 Mondays and then i will consider making videos on Enzymes...😊😊
@marxiewasalittlegirl
@marxiewasalittlegirl 4 жыл бұрын
Thanks, test tomorrow, ur channel will make me pass.
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 4 жыл бұрын
All the best
@Gauri730
@Gauri730 4 жыл бұрын
Thank you very much sir
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 4 жыл бұрын
You are welcome ✌️
@lucindadewaal9511
@lucindadewaal9511 5 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much :)
@Mbbsakii
@Mbbsakii 3 жыл бұрын
Sir ..how many atps are used in c4 plants
@pdaidotcom9832
@pdaidotcom9832 2 жыл бұрын
kzbin.info/www/bejne/onu5gXWGlr-ZfLM watch this
@happymoon5266
@happymoon5266 2 жыл бұрын
RubisCO absent in mesophyll cell 😑
@bhuvanrupchandsathe3810
@bhuvanrupchandsathe3810 2 жыл бұрын
Yes it is absent because chloroplast in mesophyll cells have more granas and less Stroma to perform only C4 cycle while the C3 cycle is performed in bundle sheat cells with no grana in their chloroplast
@halaenoor6300
@halaenoor6300 3 жыл бұрын
Jazakallah
@saimas_craftastic_world
@saimas_craftastic_world 3 жыл бұрын
Thankuuuu sooo much sirr
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 3 жыл бұрын
Most welcome ... Keep sharing and supporting
@poojagagdani1017
@poojagagdani1017 2 жыл бұрын
Marvelous
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 2 жыл бұрын
thanks for appreciation..Glad it helps....✌️
@funnymems8140
@funnymems8140 4 жыл бұрын
Why this channel is under ratted...why???
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 4 жыл бұрын
i hope.... it will be soon over rated😁✌️✌️✌️
@aritramukherjee1867
@aritramukherjee1867 22 күн бұрын
2:39 started 😂
@priyadas4322
@priyadas4322 2 жыл бұрын
Mesophyll cells lack RuBiSCO enzyme...so make changes in your content
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 2 жыл бұрын
watch from 2:10 and see what i have said there ( in C3 plants we have Rubisco in Mesophyll cell and in c4 plants it is absent )
@priyadas4322
@priyadas4322 2 жыл бұрын
I think you have taken my comment in otherwise way..there is my no intention to make u feel low...but being a viewer I can only give honest review..your way of explanation was quite a confusing one about this particular topic C4 pathway ... otherwise u r doing an excellent job keep doing...plz again it's a request don't take it in a negative way
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 2 жыл бұрын
@@priyadas4322 no worries Priya... It is all good.... Lots of love
@GULAAM-E-MUSTAFA
@GULAAM-E-MUSTAFA Жыл бұрын
Love you man 🤍
@rittenbrake1613
@rittenbrake1613 5 жыл бұрын
Good bro !
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 5 жыл бұрын
thanks Beth for appreciation.....
@dattaacharr5247
@dattaacharr5247 4 жыл бұрын
thank you so musch it helped melott tocalculate atp
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 4 жыл бұрын
thanks for appreciation..Glad to know that it helps
@M_5787
@M_5787 Жыл бұрын
Thankyou sir
@rupalichakraborty4814
@rupalichakraborty4814 3 жыл бұрын
Thanks
@shivabharghavi1209
@shivabharghavi1209 3 жыл бұрын
Super
@salishsatish6739
@salishsatish6739 3 жыл бұрын
thanku
@gunvantdange6836
@gunvantdange6836 5 жыл бұрын
Are you from India 🇮🇳🇮🇳🇮🇳🇮🇳🇮🇳
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 5 жыл бұрын
yes.
@gunvantdange6836
@gunvantdange6836 5 жыл бұрын
@@hussainbiology you are the best
@gunvantdange6836
@gunvantdange6836 5 жыл бұрын
@@hussainbiology 🇮🇳🇮🇳🇮🇳🇮🇳🇮🇳🇮🇳🇮🇳🇮🇳🇮🇳 Be i🇳dian and be Husain biology
@madmaxxxx245
@madmaxxxx245 4 жыл бұрын
Please sir aapne bhut ache se smjhaya pr corbon nhi carbon hota hai . Bhut irritating tha
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 4 жыл бұрын
okay
@arjumanfatma786
@arjumanfatma786 3 жыл бұрын
explaination 👍
@Nico-rj6ml
@Nico-rj6ml 4 жыл бұрын
I‘m from India 🇮🇳
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 4 жыл бұрын
Great
@ZEALOT47
@ZEALOT47 2 жыл бұрын
I think you are from Kashmir..
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 2 жыл бұрын
Yes brother i am from Kashmir
@anchithasanukumar3736
@anchithasanukumar3736 Жыл бұрын
@EnojaObinna
@EnojaObinna 3 ай бұрын
I no here even one thing bro
@Mrjutt492
@Mrjutt492 5 ай бұрын
Love from Pakistan
@shazproduction5115
@shazproduction5115 3 жыл бұрын
👍
@waheedmurad8931
@waheedmurad8931 2 жыл бұрын
S
@mdnoorislam7779
@mdnoorislam7779 5 жыл бұрын
Good
@reshabmawroh766
@reshabmawroh766 Жыл бұрын
Samja hi nahi
@49t5gamer6
@49t5gamer6 Жыл бұрын
Thoda hindi bhi bol liya karo bhai😑
@rimurutempest7931
@rimurutempest7931 2 жыл бұрын
Huuh? Voice is not clear and u r teaching like rapper 🤣
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology 2 жыл бұрын
Apologies
@-AARUSHSHARMA--I
@-AARUSHSHARMA--I 4 жыл бұрын
Corbun 😂
@user-anu467
@user-anu467 Жыл бұрын
Thank you so much sir
@hussainbiology
@hussainbiology Жыл бұрын
Most welcome
@rupalichakraborty4814
@rupalichakraborty4814 3 жыл бұрын
Thanks
ABC Model of Flower Development
8:44
Hussain Biology
Рет қаралды 70 М.
C3, C4 and CAM Plant Photosynthesis & Photorespiration
14:05
BOGObiology
Рет қаралды 188 М.
How to treat Acne💉
00:31
ISSEI / いっせい
Рет қаралды 108 МЛН
Sigma Kid Mistake #funny #sigma
00:17
CRAZY GREAPA
Рет қаралды 30 МЛН
CAM Pathway | Crassulacean Acid Metabolism
4:02
Hussain Biology
Рет қаралды 40 М.
C4 CYCLE
5:39
Neural Academy
Рет қаралды 251 М.
Your Unstoppable Copy Machine|DNA Replication
15:21
Clockwork
Рет қаралды 106 М.
Types of Photosynthesis in Plants: C3, C4, and CAM
6:51
Professor Dave Explains
Рет қаралды 375 М.
Photorespiration Pathway
6:55
Hussain Biology
Рет қаралды 126 М.
Krebs Cycle | Made Easy!
17:59
Dr Matt & Dr Mike
Рет қаралды 282 М.
Nature's smallest factory: The Calvin cycle - Cathy Symington
5:38
these are the habits of the top 1% students, that you can do.
12:58
Photosynthesis
8:18
Hussain Biology
Рет қаралды 27 М.
How to treat Acne💉
00:31
ISSEI / いっせい
Рет қаралды 108 МЛН