Caffeine (Part 01) = Industrial Production (Isolation Method), Estimation and Utilization (Part 11)

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Extraction of Caffeine from Tea (In Hindi) • Extraction and Isolati...
Extraction and Isolation of Caffeine from Tea Leaves (English) By Solution Pharmacy • Extraction and Isolati...
Caffeine is a purine alkaloid co-occurring with minor isomeric dimethyl xanthines theobromine and theophylline. Its major sources are tea, coffee, cocoa, and cola, which owe their stimulant properties to these water-soluble alkaloids. This alkaloid is found in the leaves, seeds, and fruits of 63 different species of plants worldwide. Caffeine was first isolated in 1821 by the French chemist Pierre Jean Robiquet from coffee.
The most important sources of caffeine are coffee (Coffea spp.), tea (Camellia sinensis), guarana (Paullinia cupana), maté (Ilex paraguariensis), cola nuts (Cola vera), and cocoa (Theobroma cacao). The amount of caffeine found in these products varies - the highest amounts are found in guarana (4%-7%), followed by tea leaves (3.5%), maté tea leaves (0.89%-1.73%), coffee beans (1.1%-2.2%), cola nuts (1.5%) and cocoa beans (0.03%).
Caffeine or 1,3,7- trimethylxanthin is a purine base present along with other related bases like theophyline and theobromine in coffee, tea, cocoa, guarana, kola and mate. Although caffeine is largely produced synthetically, it is usually isolated from tea leaves or recovered from coffee seeds during decaffeination process. Tea leaves contain 1-4% of caffeine while coffee seeds contains 1-2% of caffeine.
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