Carboxylic acid nomenclature and properties | Organic chemistry | Khan Academy

Naming carboxylic acids and analyzing their physical properties. Created by Jay.
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[@sarangimnida6599]

why do you not start numbering 2-hydroxybenzoic acid from the carbon double bonded to the oxygen?

[@angelanguyen3672]

You probably don't need this answer anymore, but just in case you do, I think the reason is because the benzene ring is the "main chain" thus both the hydroxy and carboxylic acid are substituents.The carbon double bonded to the oxygen is part of the carboxylic acid substituent. The reply to the comment below also offers pretty much the same reasoning.

[@chiramana_]

No, actually, to select a main chain there are certain rules, one of them, either you chose a straight chain or a ring as main chain. Since, carboxylic acid is the functional group and we don't have any other choice, so we chose benzene to be our main chain. And the functional group is not a part of main chain, so it will have a certain name, like for here "carboxylic acid" is the special suffix name. Hope you got my point. If you can understand Hindi and have time then I'd recommend you watch those videos which are meant for JEE prep on KZbin (Two of them, IUPAC nomenclature: Bounce back - Sakshi ma'am & PW - Alakh sir).

[@thaolam1581]

thank you!^^

[@mdsabbirrahman1245]

what about the melting point ? please give me the link regarding melting point of carboxylic acid.

[@ritik_gupta]

it should be 3- hydroxy benzoic acid. beacuse there is 7 carbon chain but according to your numbering it is forming 6 carbon chain. you have not counted the carbon of caboxylic acid. it should be given preference.

[@kdr5182]

No it will be 2 not 3 bcoz u will assume the carboxylic group and the hydroxyl group as branches of the benzene ring thereby giving the number 2 for the hydroxyl group position or use ortho- prefix