How a MOSFET Works - with animation! | Intermediate Electronics

[@CircuitBread]

Hi all! We hope you learned some helpful info about MOSFETs with this video - we have a lot more tutorials and videos on different semiconductors as well as other electrical engineering / electronics topics. Go check them out on our KZbin channel or on our website - www.circuitbread.com/

[@zephirawt4997]

You're great presenter, thank You!

[@milesnapue]

I lofe your voice in the first thirty seconds. I can listen and learn from you.

[@sureshchattu5211]

VGS VTH and VDS > VG-VTH did I misunderstand anything …! saturation

[@haianh9341]

@@sureshchattu5211 May be, he confuse between Vgd with Vgs. I think "gate threshold voltage" is replaced to "gate to drain voltage".

[@user-tr3fm3ed9j]

Hi, I really ❤️ your video. I am a teacher from Bangladesh. Most of student don't understand english. I like to teach them in your way.❤️ Please, can you tell me what software you use. Specially the 3d animation part. Thanks. #respect.

[@adrian4961]

Came here after my first Electronics class and learned everything we talked about in 5 minutes. Thank you

[@zaks7]

You learnt about mosfets in your first electronics class? I'm learning about it in my 2nd year of university lol

[@MrLDoMe]

@@zaks7 I'm learning about it in my third yr lol

[@AFacemarkedbyFea]

But you got through a 2 hour lecture. This will stick more than a 5 min video, what I wjll forget in a day

[@basic2596]

​@@zaks7learning in first year😢

[@kuki3693]

Great video. You have explained it better in 5 minutes than my professor have in 3 hours

[@rBennich]

"Kuk i" means "Cock inside" in Swedish. Have a nice day.

[@redstonecaptain8007]

True

[@muneeb-ahmed]

Nah your professor explained t better you just cleared your concepts and revised the topic here

[@srmanginsay5855]

Yah I agree with you.

[@CarsSimplified]

Great info, graphics, and editing!

[@CircuitBread]

Thanks! This is one of my personal favorites, to be honest.

[@andrey-kramer]

@@CircuitBread hi what program you use for 3D modelling MOSFET ? (from 0:56 and later)

[@efeyzee]

@@andrey-kramer Any 3D modelling/animation tool will achieve pretty much the same results. If you want to get into 3D modelling, you can get started with Blender since it's free and has a pretty wide community so you can get help if you're stuck

[@johnnybuoy9551]

BEST video HANDS DOWN.. I had no clue about MOSFETS, in fact I kinda got intimidated how TF these monsters worked. But it explained me in the best possible way.

[@garfieldfan0]

You sir are awesome, my professor has some old-school books/presentations. In them you get lost after the first 2 sentences, while this video explains everything in less than 5 minutes, thank you again and have a good day! :) Also english isn't my mother tongue so be nice :)

[@reidcenter4915]

you have better grammar than most english speakers

[@rodolfonetto118]

Excellent video! Specially because you taught the principles beforehand. Also, your observations about the terms and your explanation about "region" were great - you are an excellent teacher, sir!

[@CircuitBread]

Awesome, thank you!

[@MS-oy4vo]

Bygod... 4 weeks of my professor yelling and pointing at formulas makes no sense to a visual learner like me. This is just what I needed, Cheers mydude.

[@CircuitBread]

Awesome, that's exactly what we were hoping for! Glad it helped out.

[@invinciblegirl4386]

This deserve a billion views..! Very well explained..Thanks a lot sir😍😍

[@CircuitBread]

Awesome, I'm so glad it helped! Thanks for dropping us a note 😀

[@agniveshkurup5709]

Had a ruckus in finding good videos that makes you understand the working ....then found this channel...... life saver❤

[@merich4940]

Blessed with an excellent video on how MOSFETs work. Studying EE has never been easier. Today is a good day and I wish y'all the best.

[@CircuitBread]

Thank you!

[@smellymewi]

Thanks for the explanation. My prof just rushed through this during his lecture and I couldnt understand how it worked.

[@lekhan1918]

Thanks for mentioning how the substrate is usually connected to ground. I dont understand how everybody talks about the gate voltage without mentioning where that connects to.

[@CircuitBread]

Yeah, definitely! I remember that being a very confusing point to me as well.

[@JustSmile268]

This is such a masterpiece. Thank you!

[@CircuitBread]

Thanks for the feedback, I appreciate it!

[@clauscuty]

Subscribed

[@maibster]

Single Best explanation of Mosfets I have ever seen on the internet, GOOD JOB!

[@Omar-qf9rw]

thank you, that animation really helped me to understand how it works

[@CircuitBread]

You're welcome, Omar, I'm glad it helped!

[@Ghost572]

This is the best video on MOSFETs I have encountered to date. I'm glad Robert Feranec linked it in one of his videos, this channel seems decent.

[@CircuitBread]

Thanks for the feedback! Robert's videos are fantastic but I didn't realize he had linked to this from one of his. That's awesome!

[@THE_ONLY_GOD]

I am not a degreed electronics engineer, HOWEVER this is how that ACTUALLY seems to work: when circuit between pos (gate side) and neg termimal are connected the electrons flow to that capactitor gate and thus fill that channel and current starts flowing across that channel. Thanks in advance for saying THANKS!

[@Adam-xk3ot]

There are some talented people out there who can explain things in few mintues which universities professors take hours to explain.

[@jksharma7]

Thank you sir. It refreshed my dusty knowledge of college... so wonderful.

[@angie25601]

Thank you! The explanation is very understandable with the animated image of the MOSFET structure

[@IonTheExplorer]

Crazy how much better this video is than my professors reputation as a prof

[@thespencerowen]

wow such a good video. In 4 minutes I have a deeper understanding than hours of googling.

[@f.u.n5323]

bro need to get this channel to like grow like asap like asap asap cuz my professor have a heavy ass accent and speak hella fast and talk like we understand everything already inside out

[@rafaelmedina546]

After watching multiple videos on this subject this is the one that actually made it click. Very nicely done and thank you.

[@vaisakhsudhakar6739]

Yes, it is a technological achievement that changed our civilization. WOW.

[@banhatduong]

Hay quá ad ơi. Tìm kiếm rất lâu rồi mới tìm ra video dễ hiểu như vậy. Điểm ấn tượng nhất của video và phần mô tả bằng hình ảnh 3D. Cảm ơn ad nhiều lắm. Chúc sức khỏe và hẹn gặp lại nhé!

[@CircuitBread]

Cảm ơn bạn đã bình luận và tôi rất vui vì nó hữu ích! Tôi xin lỗi, tôi đang sử dụng Google Dịch nên hy vọng điều này có ý nghĩa. Chúc may mắn với mọi thứ và chúng tôi hy vọng sẽ tạo thêm một số hướng dẫn về CMOS trong 12 tháng tới.

[@Thewowhahahawow]

exactly what i needed, nice animation. Thanks a ton!

[@CircuitBread]

Awesome, glad it helped!

[@Lauranim]

My Solid State Physics final is coming, thank you for this video and wish me luck

[@sollinw]

I was at my 1.year in material science in 2018, we had lab with 2 pHD , professors, from each field, chemistry, physics, asked a lots of questions,but still nobody could explain how this operates. 2 years later I found this! :D

[@cv507]

häh wait 4 yör first uav ^^ blü fändär xD

[@Swenser]

This alongside a practical example would be nice. Setup a basic circuit with meters. Cheers.

[@s8computers781]

Thank you very much for this. Although I struggled with certain terms, the fact that you acknowledged it can be tricky at first; helped me to think I need to stick at it and it will eventually come. You have a good presentation style and I look forward to watching g more of your videos. Thank you and greetings from Sheffield in UK.

[@lamamriaissa1165]

Before your explanation, I thought that mosfet was a mixture of metal filings and it oxide. Thank you, great work, your brother from Algeria.

[@briceleroy]

Such a good and clear explanation of what a MOSFET is. Thank you!!!

[@CircuitBread]

You're welcome!

[@ApPillon]

This is a good summary

[@roshanantony]

best mosfet tutorial. good job circuit bread! :)

[@CircuitBread]

Thank you!!

[@sainithyamsani4062]

Your videos are excellent!! Can you please make a video on working of junction filed effect transistor(JFET)

[@CircuitBread]

We have some series that we're working through at the moment but I'm accumulating a few one-off topics that I'd like to address. I have added JFET to it!

[@sainithyamsani4062]

@@CircuitBread Thank you very much

[@ArneChristianRosenfeldt]

The lower part of the mosfet is a jfet. You could mirror the top electrodes to get rid of it.

[@THE_ONLY_GOD]

ALIGN THAT BLUE BACKGROUND PROPERLY!!! THIS IS ENGINEERING!!!

[@in4327-0]

😂😂😂

[@jumpyalexa8526]

Thank you! This made things so much clearer, and got to the point.

[@ahmedhussein6163]

Thank you so much, the 4 videos about NMOS in this channel are beyond fantastic, amazing , unbelievable. Immense talent on how to explain , what amount of knowledge to be delivered in what video to avoid confusion, awareness of what parts are confusing for students and how to tackle them. short videos but the amount of work and preparation put into them is huge. real professional work. thank you thank you thank you.

[@MrLWFred]

YES I DO KINDA HAVE AN IDEA HOW A MOSFET WORKS BUT MORE INFO IS NEEDED. THANKS FOR THE VIDEO. NOW IF I CAN JUST FIGURE OUT HOW DO CAPS OFF, I'LL BE ALL SET.

[@RogueLeprechaun]

Excellent description and graphics!

[@johnd942]

Good job! At least in this presentation the lecturer was sensitive to his audience's confusion with the various technical terms.

[@johnanderson9619]

n-FET, p-FET. They can disconnect a charging circuit from just the voltage output of a solar panel... like a diode. But using the Vgs threshold voltage (saturation voltage). When theres no sun, theres no voltage to saturate the gate of the mosfet allowing the mosfet to turn ON. Mosfets are really cool. The solar panel(s) dont draw from the battery during the night, because there's no sun. Theres no voltage on the gate. of the n-FET.

[@lunatic1678]

Incredibly easy to understand! Thank you!

[@thrilleracaste400]

Wonderfully explained! Gave a much better understanding about MOSFET now.

[@rockirol1]

So well explained and yet so underrated!

[@Prash1c]

Absolutely brilliant work on this video! Thank you so much!

[@CircuitBread]

You're welcome!

[@dgnash]

Very clear description. Thank you.

[@pooja_h]

Really such a good explanation

[@jomelsagsagat4020]

Very good way to imagine how it operates! Thanks !

[@Daniel-dj7fh]

No cap this is a really good explenation of how these things work.

[@VoiceofAfricaVOA]

Thank you very much for the easy-to-understand video. You saved me from many confusions.

[@CircuitBread]

You're welcome, glad it helped!

[@jayeshupadhyay4537]

Eureka moment at 1:04

[@emmab4146]

Very well explained and the animations helped a bunch! Thanks!

[@damirshodiev673]

I was the exact 1001 person who liked his video, so awesome !!!

[@CircuitBread]

😊

[@MadloJeff]

I am an Electrical Engineering student and this video was very helpful! You do a great job of explaining the basics of MOSFET operation in a short amount of time, though I did have to lower the video speed and go back a few times to make sure I understood what was being said. I have one question, though: Could you explain again the relationship between Saturation and Linear/Triode region? My textbook says that the Linear region occurs as the "pinched" channel forms, and Saturation occurs when the channel is fully open, but your terms are switched?

[@CircuitBread]

This is such a common question (and something that confused us for a long time as well) we did a video on it! kzbin.info/www/bejne/pWSwY6aFeKx2gdU Hopefully it clarifies things.

[@pladselsker8340]

very cool! Thanks for showing this clear and simple animation, it helped a lot to get the idea through!

[@CircuitBread]

Awesome, glad it helped!

[@MrLazini]

This is an incredible explanation. Thanks!

[@Aditya-sj4ev]

so informative. great video to jog the memory

[@kaushik2093]

well explained, Please make a video on L-C resonance

[@hdgboy]

I like your description of the functionality of the device but I would like to see the device used in a real world circuit and possibly an explanation of the benefit of why this device was chosen instead of a different (less complicated) device. Thanks for the video.

[@CircuitBread]

Thanks for the feedback, Bruce! We're going to include MOSFETs in our Circuits series, showing them in practical and real-world circuits - that series is currently being developed.

[@88NA]

really good explanation

[@shahdragb9062]

BIG FAT THANK YOU FOR YOUR GREAT EFFORTS AND SIMPLIFICATION

[@cdossantosr]

Great video! Thank you!

[@reidcenter4915]

That helped a lot.

[@Vnifit]

This is a fantastic video, thanks for making it!

[@ilovemitaka]

They put these in airsoft guns, so this helped me understand how they work inside. Thanks!

[@mitchostler4712]

God why can't university just explain things like this!!!!

[@powil4ss]

I think it would be nice to see examples of various use cases too.

[@CircuitBread]

We're hoping to create a repository of simple circuit examples on CircuitBread.com that would include various use cases for MOSFETs. I'm not sure how quickly we'll get it live or how fast it'll grow but we are expecting to start building that in a month or two.

[@jhen_tumiri]

Thx for the Input ! Very helpful 🙆🏽‍♂️🙈

[@abbasjradi5001]

Brilliant keep up!!

[@sinman222]

Thank you sooo much for this video. Please keep making

[@iitandcvlogs]

Awesome video. Very well explained. Just subscribed the channel

[@solapowsj25]

This is an excellent video that being university notes on FET. Cheers.

[@johnmackenzie3871]

Excellent video, thank you! Subscribed.

[@jarvisluo5723]

At 2:05, how is it possible that the MOSFET is operating at the pinch-off point when the gate voltage is lower than the threshold voltage? The gate voltage must be greater than the threshold voltage for the MOSFET to even operate in triode. The pinch-off point is the voltage that separates the triode region and saturation region, which is Vdssat. The pinch-off point is not governed by gate voltage but by drain to source voltage. When Vds is Vdssat the pinch off point is exactly at the drain. When Vds is greater than Vdssat, the pinch-off point moves toward the source. What you said here is contradicting. How could there be a pinch-off point if gate voltage is less than threshold voltage, meaning that the device is not on and not in even triode mode, needless to say saturation?

[@CircuitBread]

Hey Jarvis, I think you are struggling with the same thing that confused the heck out of me for the longest time as well. I highly recommend watching this video: kzbin.info/www/bejne/pWSwY6aFeKx2gdU It should hopefully clear up all of these questions!

[@ArneChristianRosenfeldt]

The pinch-off happens close to gate and drain. Why would source be important? “Saturation” is too confusing for me like it is for others.

[@Mhosseinnikkhah]

really great explanation. thanks !

[@hein1664]

Thank you!! It is easy to understand

[@stormblitz493]

I understood more in this video than my prof's lectures

[@xDckar]

Very nice video. Thank you. :)

[@mardukevii9180]

Super duper helpful, Thank you so much!!!

[@justinwiden]

As @sureshchattu5211 mentioned in another comment, I believe you have the two region names confused at 2:11 and 2:34. From my understanding the area before VGS equals the threshold voltage is the Ohmic region. The region past the threshold voltage when the MOSFET is fully conducting is the Saturation region. If I'm wrong please let me know! Otherwise this was a fantastic video!

[@CircuitBread]

Thanks! We actually did another video that addresses this specifically: www.circuitbread.com/tutorials/what-are-the-different-regions-of-operation-for-a-fet I think, in this case, the biggest challenge is that, in this video, we are showing what happens when you increase VGS. Yet almost all graphs that show this curve, including ones we've made, have VDS as the x-axis. So, to help see why we *think* we are right (hey, I'm not going to claim perfection - ever) look at one of those graphs and then, instead of moving left to right, choose a VDS voltage and then look at the regions you move through as you go from the bottom to the top. It'll be cutoff, saturation, then ohmic (or linear). Hopefully between that quick explanation and the other video, this will be clear. KZbin is not great about notifying us of responses to comments but I would love to hear if that cleared things up!

[@justinwiden]

@@CircuitBread thanks for the reply! This makes total sense and I agree, the terminology is incredibly confusing! Your linked article does a wonderful job of further explaining these regions, thanks!

[@CircuitBread]

Awesome! Glad to hear!

[@rollemup77]

Thank you. very good exlanation.

[@my-xd7ls]

Thank you very much.Thank you for your effort. I would like to ask two questions.How are holes arising through the positive voltage and what makes them to leave the channel? It would be very kind if you can give me a detailed answer because I love to learn things as detailed as I can. I thank you very much in advance

[@ArneChristianRosenfeldt]

At what time in the video? We only want charge carriers close to the gate. A diode in reverse has this nice depletion region to get rid of stray carriers. Just apply a voltage to the body ( bottom ) relative to everything on the top side. Some MOSFETs are used in applications where source and drain change roles. Mostly IC. That‘s why I would not assume that one too electrode is directly connected to the bottom electrode.

[@Warboss777]

Great Video, thanks a lot

[@blackred5155]

Thanks sir for science, now I already know 😊

[@jarepondio]

Don't worry about it. I am an Electrical Engineer and I'm still struggling to understand MOSFET's, junctions, regions, holes, electrons and all that crap. I understood it enough to pass those clases with an A but other than that I've never needed to know the specifics of these components. Don't worry about it, life is beautiful to be worrying all the time.

[@flaviomenezes4992]

How excactly does the inversion layer form if that region of the substrate has become non conductive due to a depletion layer being formed there?

[@CircuitBread]

That inversion layer forms as the voltage is increased and the depletion layer moves downward. It's still not conductive if you only have enough voltage to create the depletion layer but not enough to get the free carriers in that inversion layer. Or do you mean how do the electrons get up to the inversion layer when it's in a non-conductive material? I'm not 100% sure of that one, but I believe the electrons can be pulled from the source and drain or even pulled through the less-than-ideally conductive depletion layer.

[@palaniappanthillainathan3340]

great explanation. thank you .

[@arjumandvillagecooking]

Thank you so much,❤😊

[@tcap7917]

i learned something, thank you

[@CircuitBread]

Awesome, glad to hear!

[@Tanlee29]

Thanks you, sir, this video actually usefull.😄😄😄

[@CircuitBread]

Most welcome 😊

[@cv507]

will doing this with gluons and quarks give warp tech ? is antimatter needed ? how does one control subst? particles ´´without the risk öff igniting more aka the höle atmö^^

[@yasinozkan839]

Great video as always. Thanks a lot.

[@antexterminator9373]

What are some common values in micrometres for L, W and the oxide layer thickness?

[@spaceghost8327]

*Common dimensions in units of µm* *Length: Your* *Width: Mom*

[@ArneChristianRosenfeldt]

Layer: some atom layers. Channel what you read as technology node , so 100 nm for 1 Vdd ? 6502 was started at 5000 nm. You can see the width of some gates on the die shot. When there is a fan out, the previous gates are all widened up. Also the pins got large drivers where the gate needed to be folded because it is so wide.

[@monh964]

Excellent short interesting video

[@eem4as]

Great animation! Which software do you use?

[@CircuitBread]

This was done with the Adobe Suite - so Aftereffects, primarily. Our editors that do CircuitBread work now use Davinci Resolve (so any newer CB videos use that) but we still use Adobe with our client work.

[@guenterserwotka8669]

So the structure of a MOSFET is symmetrical and hence Source and Drain are completely interchangeable?

[@CircuitBread]

Yep! Or at least the one shown is. Sometimes manufacturers will put in other features (like a flyback diode on a power MOSFET) that will make it so the FET is not interchangeable. Or they'll make internal connections that will force it to be one way versus another. But, again, as shown and in many MOSFETs, they are interchangeable.

[@tonysimpleman]

Are you mixing up subthreshold and saturation? In saturation you definitely have Vgs>Vt and it’s Vds that puts you in saturation/pinch-off.