1.1 Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP) with Solution in Java - SOLID Principles of Low Level Design

this is one of the important SOLID principle. And covered its both Problem and Solution
➡️ Become a Member: / @conceptandcoding

[@ankitgoyal8556]

KZbin and people like you have made life easier, thankuu.

[@anuraggupta6277]

One suggestion - hasEngine could have values - true and false. So instead of returning null, we could have returned false, and it would not break. For this example, we could have taken something like engineType instead of engine. In that case, cycle will have to return null. PS - I am new to these topics. Please correct me if i am wrong 🙂

[@ConceptandCoding]

:) yes, i think you got the point. Enginetype can be better functionality. but hasEngine is returning Boolean class type, so null is one of the valid return type here.

[@janpost8598]

I was thinking the same thing. But then a car who should have an engine could have no (hasEngine returns false) engine. So it perfectly illustrates why a bicycle returns a null and shouldn't have the hasEngine method in the first place.

[@12345bcpraful]

@anuragupta I have same question in my mind also. Yes if we use engineType functionality it will be better instead of hasEngine. Thank you shreyansh sir.

[@Ricky-jr7io]

An excellent explanation of Liskov's Substitution principle. I work primarily with python and javascript, and your explanation really illustrates well why typescript and type hinting in python are necessary to avoid errors. Thank you very much.

[@ConceptandCoding]

Thanks

[@nitigya]

This brings the point when to ditch Inheritance over Composition. Like how Abstraction/Inheritance brings coupling along with itself. Though, both Inheritance and Composition will have it's own pros/cons. Amazing playlist!

[@CanadaKeBhai]

Best example of Liskov's substitution principle

[@ConceptandCoding]

Thank you

[@rajugoud6465]

This is the perfect Explanation of this principle, i watched this principle in paid courses, but this is the perfect explanation

[@SushilChauhan-z1q]

No one explained like you this solid concept..thanks

[@aishwaryas8283]

The solution proposed seems to be similar to Interface Segregation principle with the only difference being we use classes here instead of interfaces for segregation. Thanks for the explanation.

[@ashishgoswami6303]

Awesome work ! I have been working for a while but you cleared concepts with examples!

[@ConceptandCoding]

Thanks

[@saiakhil9206]

I think there is a slight conceptual mistake in the start of the video. In the video, you mentioned that for a parent p, and child classes c1, c2, and c3, LSP says that parent *p = new c1should not break the behavior when c1 is replaced by c2, c1 is replaced by c3. However, my understanding is that for the same scenario, in a code, if you use c1_object.setSomething() or c2_object.setSomething() and if you have a parent object, the code should retain its behavior if you change c1_object with p1_object. Please correct my understanding if it's wrong.

[@patel5532]

Bro by the way, Would like to study together LLD, HLD and DSA for interview? I'm also preparing for the google.

[@saiakhil9206]

Sure man@@patel5532

[@AshishGusain17]

It should be reverse......the code should retain its behaviour if you change p1_object with c1_object

[@dpynsnyl]

very nice explanation! can you also add similar video explanation for all the other principles? This is a rock solid video, I don't think I will forget this easily.

[@ConceptandCoding]

Pls check the first video of this playlist

[@pavanls2436]

One more thing that comes into mind is separation of behaviours. We can set up behaviors as interfaces and select class can implement that interface while the rest need not have to. (Learnt this through an example in Head First Design Patterns) Shreyansh Jain, correct me if I am wrong. With this, we don't have to create more classes.

[@ConceptandCoding]

Right that's interface segregation

[@rohitvathumilli8176]

Hi Shrayansh, 1) The vehicle class, does it follow a single responsibility principle. 2) What if I return false instead of return null for the bicycle class, does it follow LSP

[@paulputin]

I assume that the method hasEngine() should be replaced with the method startEngine(). Then this tutorial will make sense.

[@rohitvathumilli8176]

Thanks , can I know whether it follows single responsibility priciple

[@pranaypaul6361]

So beautifully explained!

[@SuyashD-cd9wr]

Beautifully explained !!! keep up the good work !!!

[@madmaxgaming5864]

great explanation.......

[@shawkiahmed3586]

Good example to understand. thanks for your efforts

[@shubhammanecr7]

Amazing... thank you for such clear explanation!

[@ConceptandCoding]

Thanks

[@DhanyaGannavarapu]

Simple and clear Explanation

[@dhirajshetty4317]

Great explanation man!!

[@iamkdblue]

How do we solve above problem? Last Mai toh wapas conflict ho Gaya ! Compiler error hai , solve kaise hoga wo ? Thanks for video aag laga diya hai 🔥

[@shubhamagarwal1434]

Very well explained...awsome!!!

[@gurupreetsingh8347]

In side bicycle u could return false instead of null ... Why returning null .. returning false can solve the problem..

[@ConceptandCoding]

Hi Gurupreet, i want to show the example. If Return type is Boolean, then returning null is also a valid. What i wanted to showcase that these kind of scenarios Liskov principles try to avoid. :)

[@gurupreetsingh8347]

@@ConceptandCoding ok thanks

[@beerboii2435]

In this case, I feel a better example would be to replace hasEngine with engineType in Vehicle class. For the case of bicycle, It would be logical to return null. So it would be better to understand why it is wrong to use that way.

[@utsavkunal5221]

@@gurupreetsingh8347Just because implementation fits for that method doesn’t mean, we can have method. In Bicycle has per its behaviour there is not question of having engine, also if it is electricVehicle suppose, there you can return false.

[@divijsharma5610]

Instead you could have turnOnEngine like in SOLID video , Cycle cannot turn on engine.

[@songsbooth1329]

Superb explanation.👏👏

[@rajeshdas2295]

Very Nice Bhaiya Got it properly!!!

[@ConceptandCoding]

Thank you

[@codinghubfree]

since bicycle has not engine what if you return false since its return type is boolean. will it meet Liskov principle?

[@ConceptandCoding]

i think i should name method little different which will make more sense. but in this example, return type is Boolean, so its a valid that NULL can be returned from this method, if it is returned, then it might break the existing code. That breaks Liskov principle

[@CodeMode9313]

thats a great explanation

[@deepakmathur4218]

Hi In your BiCycle method it is of type boolean and you are returning null ?

[@nikhilgupta2569]

Good explanation but probably the example could have been a little better for instance Bicycle's hasEngine method could simply return false in this case no need to return null. So this use-case of having Bicycle extending vehicle is not basically causing any trouble :)

[@ConceptandCoding]

Return type is Boolean, so null is a valid return type. Yes i think much better example can be used

[@himanshukashyap1654]

Can we get the slides that you are sharing in your videos?

[@RealKaranVerse]

As hasEngine method return either true if engine is available and false if not available then in case of BiCycle you are returning null, shouldn't it be returning "false"?

[@shashankcool]

Nicely explained with help of example 😊

[@ConceptandCoding]

Thank you

[@arashrouhani-kalleh1797]

Amazing solution!

[@ConceptandCoding]

Thank you

[@paritoshdadhich2954]

Thank you so much for the wonderful explanations

[@ConceptandCoding]

Thanks

[@tarunkundhiya5196]

Can we not return false for hasEngine in Bicycle? May be different example can be used getEngine() to show the problem. Nice explanation btw. I searched the internet most of them gives complex example without clearing much. PS: Instead of EngineVehicle we can rename MotorizedVehicle. just a thought.

[@ConceptandCoding]

yes, thats the example i wanted to showcase, but since its Boolean, null is the valid return value

[@varunaggarwal7126]

I think, Returning null is typically used when dealing with reference types, where a variable can hold a reference to an object or have no reference (null). However, for Boolean values, the options are limited to true or false to indicate the presence or absence of a certain condition. Please correct me!

[@techlead_ashu]

very good. thank you.👏👏👏👏

[@charuagarwal8405]

Thanks for this video!

[@ConceptandCoding]

Thanks

[@keshavmittal2844]

Very well explained

[@ConceptandCoding]

Thanks

[@vallabhchugh2075]

Great teaching. Do you have notes also ? that u can share

[@mdrizwanahmed6746]

great explanation

[@Sp_Travel_Vlogs07]

Nice information brother 😊 keep sharing

[@ConceptandCoding]

Thank you

[@renudeshmukh4608]

Best Explanation

[@ConceptandCoding]

thanks

[@charuagarwal8405]

Very informative video!

[@asramogal688]

Hi , Even after all of the changes , in the 2nd case where Bicycle cant access hasEngine(),It still throws error right,How could we prevent this ?

[@shivshaktipandey9993]

same question

[@learnwithme7750]

One question i.e I think we used multi-level inheritance to make sure that we follow strategy design pattern practises? please correct me if I am wrong.

[@ConceptandCoding]

sorry i could not understand the relation between multi-level and strategy pattern, could you pls elaborate.

[@learnwithme7750]

@@ConceptandCoding sorry i think i got it wrong, thanks for addressing

[@stepswithvishnu2924]

You could have return false in place of null in case of Bicycle's hasEngine() method?

[@ConceptandCoding]

I could, but since the return type of method is 'Boolean' and null can also be returned, so that's a possible usecase. But yes I could have used some better method name.

[@arashrouhani-kalleh1797]

Fantastic 😍!

[@ConceptandCoding]

Thanks

[@himanshushekhar2929]

Shrayansh Sir, please share the slides link.

[@tamonashchakrabarti7909]

Very good explanation indeed

[@ConceptandCoding]

thank you

[@JustForFunYTG]

Why bikecycle returned NULL instead of false for hasEngines()?

[@ConceptandCoding]

I wanted to give an example, since method return type is Boolean (object), Null is a valid return value.

[@learner5358]

Will the problem arise if we have primitive boolean instead of Wrapper object Boolean and return false ? If we return false then it will follow the Liskov's substitution principle right ?

[@vaibhavkhairnar7313]

very nice explanation

[@ConceptandCoding]

Thanks

[@luisgonzalez8877]

So, solution for LSP is to use ISP? In other words, use a different principal ?

[@shenth27]

I dont understand why you need to return null from hasEngine method in the Bicycle class. Shouldn't it just return false?

[@ConceptandCoding]

return type is Boolean it can return null, but i agree method name i can take something else to explain it better

[@ShubhamKumar-by4mu]

I have joined via membership but still can’t get the access to the few videos. Somebody help me

[@ConceptandCoding]

Could you pls check if you have the right membership level

[@sachinphogat8822]

why to make different classes implementing interfaces. Why cant we have interface extending another inteface?

[@samithanandasena6642]

good explanation

[@rohanyadav7327]

Isn't this looking like similar to I in Solid - interface segregation You are segregating the interfaces based on their functionalities

[@novascotia2015]

sir is this for freshers or for sed1, or sde 2. now i am working on my dsa.

[@ConceptandCoding]

LLD is asked for freshers too buddy

[@doodo_1]

can u give slides you are using in videos for reference

[@Animesh-v6r]

What is the difference between L and I then. Does this mean I is the solution of L??

[@ConceptandCoding]

While they address different concerns, Interface Segregation Principle (I) can be considered a solution to avoid violating Liskov Substitution Principle (L) by designing more cohesive interfaces.

[@Animesh-v6r]

@@ConceptandCoding Got it, Thanks😄

[@shinchannohara1097]

Why a boolean method returning NULL, Bicycle could have returned False instead

[@ConceptandCoding]

I wanted to show an example. Since it's a wrapper object, Null is a valid return type

[@shinchannohara1097]

@@ConceptandCoding understood

[@Harsh-Choudhary451]

Where can i get lld notes

[@MohdImran-uq5iv]

bhai❣

[@pradipbedre653]

3:41 but why we are returning null we can return the false as well right.

[@ConceptandCoding]

Boolean is a wrapper class and null is also a valid value. So for example purpose i sent null.

[@esportathlete4703]

This is not really a satisfactory example.

[@Dineshkumar-gr8nj]

Agree with you. Generally the example should be in such a way that substitution doesn't change/break the existing implementation. Not introduce exception voluntarily.

[@linuxadmin8027]

Thank you❤

[@ConceptandCoding]

Thanks

[@rohitkumarsah77]

why the bicycle is not returning false instead of null...this will not break the code.

[@ConceptandCoding]

return type of the method is Boolean, so returning Null is a valid return type.i think method can be improved a bit

[@akashchourasiya72]

isn't also interface segregation principle?

[@ConceptandCoding]

Similar, but intention is different, it tries to solve problem from code which uses interface. Interface segregation says we should not force child class to implement method which it font require. But Liskov days, if we swap with other child class, code should not break

[@AmanDubey-b3q]

Did you provide code and this file?

[@Aman-ln9dx]

If possible can u please provide notes ?

[@raushansoni5383]

Combine it in one shot sir

[@AbhishekKumar-kk6qs]

Hi Shreyansh, So the solution is strategy design pattern , am i right ?

[@ConceptandCoding]

:) no Abhishek, i would say, interface segregation generally solves this

[@chandrikasaha6301]

sir if you could share a git link. I am trying these in python

[@ConceptandCoding]

Sure will add

[@snowleopard3925]

bro can I get the pdf of these notes?

[@Jock3R87]

In bicycle class you are returning nil ideally it should return false.. i guess this is not the correct example

[@ConceptandCoding]

Return type is Boolean, null is a valid return value.

[@Jock3R87]

@@ConceptandCoding in any of the programming language Bool is not have null value mate.. Its either True/ False otherwise the whole meaning of Bool is wasted

[@ConceptandCoding]

@@Jock3R87 welcome to Java world buddy, it's a wrapper object and null is valid value for it. Yes generally it make sense to return only true false but since we define the return type as Boolean object not the primitive one boolean. , Null can be passed. Hope this clarifies

[@sreelekshmiraj6424]

Could you please provide the codes or notes pdf

[@ConceptandCoding]

Sure will add soon

[@Aman-ln9dx]

Your slide