Controlling fan speed with mosfet and Arduino

#MosFet #Arduino
Ever want to electronically control a fan? Get to know the bases here. With a n - channel mosfet and an Arduino you can control the fan speed.
Project page:
rohling-de.blogspot.de/2017/10/controlling-fan-speed-with-your-arduino.html
amzn.to/2v7vDQm - Mosfet
amzn.to/2uE982D - Arduino Uno
amzn.to/2zEBdNe - PC fan

[@jamestrujillo5195]

Out of millions of KZbin videos that ive seen, this is the only KZbin video where it explains what a transistor really is with great explanation

[@billb8744]

Brilliant!!! Einstein once said if you can't explain something simply then you don't understand it. Well sir, you definitely understand it and I appreciate you sharing your knowledge as well as your delightful ''style''. It's fun to learn with a smile. Thank you.

[@ronremondini7045]

Great job! you did a wonderful job explaining and demonstrating the use of a MOSFET and PWM.

[@gregoryskoczek5357]

Your sense of humor is great. Continue making more movies please!

[@rootbeercouch]

I have been trying to figure this out all day. This is the clearest most complete answer I have been able to find.

[@RexxSchneider]

At 5:26 you mistakenly state that "the MOSFET doesn't need 12V for the gate; it only needs 0.7V". You've unfortunately confused the MOSFET with a bipolar junction transistor (BJT). The BJT does indeed need only 0.7V at its base (but requires several mA of current), but the IRF530 needs between 2V and 4V on its gate to begin to conduct, and rather more than that to turn it on fully (although it needs almost no current into the gate). Some samples of IRF530 may not even turn on properly with the output of the Arduino, and you are much better off using an IRL530. The 'L' indicates a logic-level MOSFET which will turn on fully when supplied with 5V. A lot of logic circuits use 5V as their high level, and the Arduino is one of them. It's worth also noting that you should add a series resistor of about 270R between the Arduino output pin and the gate of the MOSFET to limit the transient current into the MOSFET's gate capacitance as the Arduino switches its output from low to high. That value will ensure that any momentary current drawn is no more than 20mA, which is the maximum allowed from the I/O pin. Finally, the fan is an inductive load and should be bypassed by a reversed diode (e.g. a 1N4001), which is needed to absorb the transient spike that is generated when current is abruptly cut off from an inductor. This will prevent the possibility of damage to the MOSFET and reduce the radio-frequency interference generated by the switching.

[@LuxHack]

Thank you

[@ultrarageman2956]

When this dude explains it better than teacher in school👏👏

[@naveeddilshad2825]

True that

[@Clavertus]

Great video! Finally, I grasped this concept. Thank you!

[@sbm168]

Listening to this as a mech e i appreciate the pipe analogy. Thanks!

[@fishraviolli4373]

Oh god, thank you. Spend 3 days on this trying different transistors and mosfets :P

[@redlord5504]

Keep making videos your very good at it. This video helped me with my project

[@peterhuesmann3956]

Very nice and enjoyable presentation. I'm going to save this for teaching my grandchildren!

[@K34nuT]

Super easy to understand, thank you. Subscribed!

[@rgmtb]

Great job on this! Well under 10mins and I learned exactly what I wanted. Thank you very much for this!

[@oneiricj4877]

this is really easy to understand. Thank you!

[@CarolinaCowboys]

Good video, thank you! I don't have a mosfet but was able to do it with an NPN transistor

[@j2abramscav945]

Thank you so damn much this was so helpful this is actually the first time I have ever posted a comment on youtube, actually anywhere a lot of information came out of this simple video

[@shefinmuhammed5289]

The example was quite good.thank you

[@iajjsjjsjsjsjdjwuw]

Thank you. This is the most simple explanation i have watched

[@fernandomiranda8125]

You are very good at teaching my friend. Keep going. Thanks for sharing this.

[@alchemy1]

I loved this guy in the first 45 seconds. Rare wonderful exceptional person. Thank you for who you are. Top number 1 subscription.

[@nenioc187]

On ... Off... On... Off... OnOffOnOffOnOff

[@afm4807]

There was no talk of the 10h resistor of the gate connected to the source. But it was one of the best videos I saw because it helped me in the resistor. Loved your video. Thank you very much.

[@nenioc187]

The resistor was original for the purpose to automatically closing the gate. With an Arduino connected it becomes obsolete. But I forgot to remove it ;-)

[@RexxSchneider]

@@nenioc187 It's not a bad idea to leave it in place as it provides a fail-safe if the connection from the Arduino to the gate is accidentally disconnected.

[@abelalonsoballonaguirre5191]

Nenioc! thank you very much for this interesting video, you did it very fun and good explained!

[@paparpapar4489]

Thank God you explain so good , you are a life saver, a subscriber from now on

[@momoster69]

love you bro, added this video to my favourites for later.

[@testslo-ej7bc]

wow awsome tutorial and funny too! thanks!

[@yura979]

You have very unique and calm approach. I like it.

[@nenioc187]

Thanks!

[@MANGIACARRUBE]

finally a good tutorial for 3 pin fans, thank you!

[@nenioc187]

My pleasure!

[@AdipRai_43]

Great ! I could relate the concept of the video to PWM chopper signal.

[@adityaraj-mn8dt]

Thank you so much, bro! You explained it so well, now I am able to control a motor with Arduino! All because of you. *brofists*

[@nenioc187]

+aditya raj My pleasure. I'm glad to help!

[@LuxHack]

Awesome demo

[@notniko6914]

"You don't know how it works? Well, I didn''t know it either so I had to look it up" this is the type of tutorial I like

[@sharathchandra6166]

awesome tutorial. subscribed!

[@RajarajanPanneerselvam]

Wish I had a teacher like you. It's never late anyway. You are my teacher now 😀

[@nenioc187]

It would be an honor!

[@warrior28099]

i Love you so much i didnt understand the part of common ground in the third leg in other videos and you enlighted me

[@robink.9459]

very good, practical tutorial!

[@fixitmakeit72]

I have a 12v 0.18a 3wire blower dc blower fan, I want to slow the speed down for long periods but need the full speed for initial start up for a couple of minutes. Can you advise me on which type of small speed controller I should buy for the well being of my blower. Have seen vids on transistor/ potentiometer methods but would rather buy the right tool for the right job so to speak. Thankyou. Great video.

[@Krzak97]

thanks man this video helped me

[@martinwilligenburg3157]

compliments for the clear explanation!!!! thanks!!!!

[@albrightedet]

very simplfied. great video!

[@mehrannazari7454]

Thx, could you please explain how to use third wire(yellow =hall sensor out put ) for feedback control

[@ahmedalotaibi4477]

The best explanation yet thanks

[@nenioc187]

Thanks. The reason for this video was, that I trouble understanding the use of a mosfet. So I acquired everything I need to know and tried to make the video as clearly as possible.

[@tyc00n]

such a great video, I learn

[@bdbasic7647]

thanks a lot man .I understand all thinks ..many many thanks

[@brettpillemer2141]

great tutorial but I think its a bit confusing as you used a 3 wired fan and I thought the yellow wire was for the PWM. I read more and see that the 3rd wire just reads the frequency of the fan. I also was wondering if the mosfet would overheat but I think in this example no as you not using too many W - But very nice tutorial

[@kratostube1]

Uiiiiiuuuiiiiiuuuuiiiiiuuuu! Explains better than any other video

[@GeorgeJFW]

Dam this video is fantastic thanks for the help on a couple of points.

[@nenioc187]

Damn, I'm glad, it helped;-)

[@daniesubsiak8031]

how to control the speed of an electric fan based on the temperature of the room using a 3 relay for speed? thanks for project purpose

[@grahamcurran8744]

very well explained and easy to understand thank you

[@nenioc187]

You're welcome!

[@justinfielding]

Instead of a MOSFET I have an L298N H-Bridge module. When I try to control the speed of the fan with PWM I can seem to achieve some speed control, but the PWM causes a squealing noise. If I use a MOSFET instead will I avoid this problem or is the issue with the fan itself?

[@jeanchrinot]

Is the DC power supply necessary? Why? Could we use just the Vcc of Uno instead?

[@pigua7705]

I like this tutorial, I hope you can have more exciting videos.

[@nenioc187]

I'll do my best

[@skytecrobotics422]

And the motor drivers are too heavy...which mosfet would u recommend for a 3.7 v motor.. Thanks for help..😊

[@adeshkumar5534]

plz make a video which uses potentiometer to set duty cycle of the pwm signal

[@vishnuvardhanaleti7846]

Thanks bro you are awesome

[@MikeSmith-gy6sq]

Thank You very very much! You solve my problem!

[@lifetech1989]

very very helpful video.. many thankssss

[@gamingnerd6749]

Very Helpful thank you so much!

[@ivankoal7228]

Do you need a resistor for this, and how do you connect it?

[@AFuller2020]

Danke fur the Hilfe, Vielen Dank!

[@lucifersinferno3078]

Ich dachte auch, dass er deutscher ist.

[@lezzetlideneyimler2746]

What happen if we send signal by using yellow signal wire direcly to the fan from the arduino without using mosfet.

[@lethaldriver]

for the analogWrite, he used the values 300 and 1000. How come in the Arduino website, it says that the values should range only from 0 to 255? It still worked though.....??? for analogRead, he can get between 0 and 1023.

[@TheOmega1102]

Thank you that helped very much ;)

[@skytecrobotics422]

Amazingly explained

[@nenioc187]

Thanks!

[@disneyn]

First you have a resistor above the mosfet? then it has dissepear? did you not need it anymore?

[@gangger89]

thx, good explanation of the mosfet.

[@nenioc187]

My pleasure!

[@Axxetto]

Good explanation ty

[@severussnape5171]

awesome, thank you so much

[@GoodMods]

Excuse me, I'm a beginner, what resistor is that when you connected the gate to the arduino, how is it connected and why is it there?

[@josephkreifelsii6596]

I am having a hard time seeing where you placed the resistor. Can you give a more detailed diagram also with the resistor specs?

[@nenioc187]

There is a corresponding project page to this video. rohling-de.blogspot.de/2017/10/controlling-fan-speed-with-your-arduino.html The resistor is a pull-down resistor for the PWM port of the Arduino. Although it is not really necessary because the Arduino should be capable to pull the pin internally to GND.

[@oes2546]

Silly question. Can i use this to PWM a DC fan then? Why can't any DC fan run PWM mode from a motherboard of fan controller then? They sell PWM fans and DC fans as separate models. Sorry, I'm quite new to this.

[@Nordic-bb8nw]

eureka...finally i understand....

[@zymagoras]

I think 0.7v is for most bipolar junction transistors, for irf530 gate threshold minimum is 2v.

[@peterouseph1110]

very good explanation ..... thank you

[@nenioc187]

+peter Ouseph My pleasure!

[@S0K0N0MI]

I'm getting a lot of whine from the fan when its not going full speed, is there a way to silence that?

[@moon-of-uk]

or we have to attach another Arduino with it to perform another function?

[@josemichaelsanjuan4424]

Sir how do i insert the buttons to increase or decrease the speed of the fan??? Tnx...

[@SimmonS2679]

Could I get the same result if I used the 12V power supply of the UNO (Vin) and connected it to the + terminal of the fan and GND to the source of the transistor?

[@RexxSchneider]

Yes, assuming that the 12V supply you're using to power the UNO has enough current capacity to also power the fan.

[@shibuma1064]

Should I use data pin instead of pwm signal.

[@aurelioimprota482]

spettacolare, volevo chiedere, si può controllare una ventola a 24v con lo stesso sistema???

[@vaidmostafa8297]

it was best explain about transistor

[@robertmarkham6558]

Could someone possibly right me a scriypt i'm wanting to use a arduino as a indicator relay on my old mans classic bike, so i would be using an arduino and 2 relays anyone able to help out? Thanks

[@iskramalinovski7605]

What is that resistor that you've placed on the breadboard, when you've hooked up the Arduino? And why is it there? You don't mention anything about it in the video, nor within the project page that you've linked.

[@nenioc187]

It should unsure that the Gate is pulled to LOW. Without the Arduino the Gate would stay open. But if you connect it to the Arduino and pull the pin to LOW, you don't have to use the resistor.

[@chukwumaizuchukwuscolari231]

Thank you sir

[@zandr6718]

Great Video. I made this exact circuit just as an experiment; however, my fans are turning very slow. Any suggestions - How could I draw more current into the fan? Or how could I decrease the overall resistance?

[@RexxSchneider]

First of all, you need to discover why the fans are turning slowly. Try disconnecting the gate of the MOSFET from the Arduino and connecting it to a higher voltage, but no more than 10V. If that solves the problem, then it shows that your IRF530 isn't turning on fully with just 5V. It's not guaranteed to do so, and you are always better using an IRL530 when driving it from a microcontroller. The 'L' signifies a logic-level MOSFET and the IRL530 is guaranteed to turn on with a maximum resistance of 0.16 ohms and supply up to 15A when it has 5V on its gate.

[@seydamilli574]

very good

[@eastern815]

thanks man

[@pqcamh228]

for someone that is trying to use it with 3.3v operating board(like esp32)，this will not work cause irf530m need at least 4v to drive the gate，use other with lower max VGS(th) instead like irl3713 ，this one needs 2.5v

[@mpampissougidis9880]

Very good video! I dont understand the last thing you do. I understand that we use mosfet like a switch , so when we give +voltage to Gate the circuit is closed and when we connect Gate to Ground the circuit is open (and the fan stops). If we give analogWrite(Gate,300) and analogWrite (Gate, 1000) we give a voltage bigger than the Vthreshold to the Gate. In both ways we activate the circuit. But the Gate is like a switch so what exactly increases the fan speed?

[@nenioc187]

Since we are not using a analog pin, but a digital PWM pin, we don't change the voltage on the gate. It's always 5V. PWM turns the 5V on and off again, very fast. If we using analogWrite(Gate,300), means that 300/1024 of the time of a duty circle the 5 V is applied. The rest of the time, it is set to GND. It works like the part, where I connect and disconnect the 12V of the battery to to fan manually very fast kzbin.info/www/bejne/hqiUnIaJlKt8gc0 .

[@mpampissougidis9880]

I understand , thank you very much.

[@fantominsider2860]

@@nenioc187 Just to elaborate the my question.. in other videos the the code is explained as analogWrite(Pin, DutyCycle).. so Pin is the digital pin no. to which the Mosfet gate is connected(here, pin no 10).. and the dutyCycle should be max 255.. but in the code, it is written as 300 which you said 300/1024 of the time... now my question is if i write 255 instead of 300.. will it count as 255/1024 of the time or the highest dutyCycle value for the gate..? and why.. It will be a great help if you pls explain. Thanks.

[@blackbox6841]

Perfect 👌

[@BOK1SH]

Wow great tutorial

[@nenioc187]

Thanks!

[@jesanrahman3494]

is it pwm controller or voltage reducing?

[@wegro585]

how about 12v button with led ? connected to pc ?

[@SkorpionZA]

Very nicely explained! -I might have something for your bucket list though :) -How would you control a device (a peltier for instance) that does not stand the PWM ripple well, while also introducing a lot of noise in sensitive devices around?.. -Is there a way to 'smooth' that ripple or simply use/create a continuous/proportional signal for control?..

[@nenioc187]

Usually you can use a capacitor to smooth the PWM signal a little. I haven't tried it yet to control a peltier element - although I've laying them around for quite a while.

[@SkorpionZA]

Yup, that could also work I guess... Thanx! -Since I see you've worked with several different temperature sensors, you might (also:)) want to try a peltier+fan based temperature control project; see how stable around the set point you can get ;) -Cheers!

[@nenioc187]

Using peltier and fan to create a controlled environment? Hmm... sounds interesting. That will go to my bucket list. Damn, my bucket list is becoming huge.

[@SkorpionZA]

:D

[@RexxSchneider]

@@nenioc187 If you use a capacitor on the MOSFET gate to smooth the PWM signal, then you must include a resistor between the I/O pin and the capacitor to prevent the initial charge current on switching from exceeding the rated 20mA for an Arduino pin. A minimum of 270R would be needed. However, once you've smoothed out the PWM signal, you're operating the MOSFET in its linear region, rather than switching it, so it will get hot and may need a heatsink. If you use a (much larger) capacitor across the load, you'll probably want to add some series resistance between the drain and load as well to limit current spikes as the MOSFET switches.

[@heemlo649]

How are you using 300 and 1000 in analog write? I thought it had to be 0 to 255?

[@KjartanAndersen]

@@theaurumtheory If you watched the video you would clearly see that he used analogWrite(Gate, 300) and analogWrite(Gate, 1000). My guess is that Arduino ignores the bits it cant use and reads them as 44 and 232 (300 mod 256 and 1000 mod 256 respectively).

[@li-on1]

@@theaurumtheory Still think Kjartan is right. Have a look at the definition of Arduinos "analogWrite" function: www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/PWM Quotation: "A call to analogWrite() is on a scale of 0 - 255, such that analogWrite(255) requests a 100% duty cycle (always on) [...]" Also, having a look at the source code reveals that for values (other than 0 or 255), a function named "sbi" is called which is defined as: "#define sbi(sfr, bit) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) |= _BV(bit))" Soo now I was wondering bc. just using bitwise OR operations would not stop the actual "number" from being more than one byte. Then I found this interesting blog post: www.txplore.com/blog/16248/10-min-pwm-overflow Long story short, he tells that the Atmega used by the Arduino Uno has an 8 bit register for PWM. Using 8 bits (1 byte) the maximum number possible in decimal is 255 (= binary: 11111111) and more bits will just "overflow" and wont be used. In this video, he uses 1000 which is 1111101000. Taking the first 8 bits only, we get 11101000 which is equal to using the value 232.

[@vladhristov2316]

You have some resistor. What is the measure of it, and which pins is connected to do? Thx

[@jeanmarcreyes6927]

huh he didn't have resistors

[@KenfieldZ3]

Can you use a bipolar juntion transistor instead of the mosfet? For example the PN2222 bjt to control a 12V pc fan

[@RexxSchneider]

It depends on how much current the fan takes. You need current to drive the base of the 2N2222 and the Arduino can only supply 20mA maximum, which limits the available collector current to about 200mA for driving the fan. MOSFETs are much better for this particular job as they draw almost no current into their gate.

[@hidayahawalludin8855]

Understand clearly. Thanks. One question, in order to put temperature sensor (LM35DZ), just install its VCC to the 12V, GND to Ground and the Output to Arduino ANALOG IN. Is it correct?

[@nenioc187]

I've read the datasheet of the LM35. It's operating range is from 4-20V. So you can even connect it's VCC to the VCC of the Arduino. GND to GND of the Arduino - of course. And the Output to an analog input of an Arduino, that's correct. But without a library for it, you won't get Celcius or Fahrenheit, but Voltage. You have to calculate the temperature for yourself. I've made 3 Vids about temperature sensors. Maybe there is one you would prefer to use ;-)

[@hidayahawalludin8855]

Thank you so much for the reply. Much appreciated. Will watch the videos later. Thanks.

[@joshuaneve9271]

Hi nenioc187, great video, thank you! Could I ask, what is the maximum voltage for a fan or any output for that matter that could be controlled using this sort of transistor? Could I use a fan that is 220-240V (100mA) to reduce its RPM? And if not, why not? :) Many thanks!

[@RexxSchneider]

I assume that your fan is 220-240V AC, so this circuit is not suitable as it is intended for DC applications. Mixing mains voltage with microcontrollers is fraught with problems and usually requires the use of an opto-isolator and a triac to control AC mains devices along with many precautions in layout. That really isn't suitable for a beginner. For DC use, the IRL530 is rated at 100V and 15A (although not both at the same time), but again, high voltages are not suitable for beginners, and I'd strongly recommend investigating projects that require no more than 24V and a few amps while learning.

[@emastino6152]

Hey y’all Just started arduino and was curious as to how he input a value of 1000 in the analogWrite function. I thought this only took values from 0-255. Thank you!

[@nenioc187]

You're right. It's 0-255. A glitch in making this video.