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Copenhagen Metro Explained | Design, History, and the Future of Transport in the Capital of Denmark
#Denmark #Danmark #Copenhagen
This video is all about the amazing Copenhagen Metro! It will give Denmark the first carbon-neutral capital in the world, is an example of public-private investment in infrastructure, and has driverless trains!
History
Relatively new systems with planning started in the 1990s and first opened in 2002
The main driver was the development of Ørsted planned community that had no real transport links to central CPH or the rest of the public transit network
The debate was was whether to use trams, light rail, or rapid transit, and metro won because it would eliminate level crossings
Copenhagen actually has a history of an extensive tram network, but in the 1960s investment fell off in favor of the newer S-Train network and buses. In 1972 the last tram was taken out of service
Design of the Copenhagen Metro
There are 4 metro lines, all conveniently numbered
M1 and M2 run from Vanløse on the Western edge of the city, then across Central Copenhagen before splitting - M1 continues down western Amager to Ørsted development and M2 continues down Eastern Amager to the airport
In 2019 the Cityringen or M3 opened, essentially acting as a connector between major points in the city and key rail and metro transport links. It runs through City Center and surrounding neighborhoods like Vesterbro, Frederiksberg, Nørrebro, and Østerbro
There is also a small M4 spur that connects the newer developments in Nordhavn, and in 2024 it will continue to the south, including Sydhavn and the train hub at Ny Ellebjerg
Stock
The system is fully automated and features driverless cars
You may be surprised how small the cars are, but the design was to have smaller trains and stations but higher frequency to handle the same volume
Service is 24/7, though occasionally for maintenance the metro is replaced with buses. It is actually designed so that routine maintenance can be done without interrupting service
Copenhagen Metro Stations
Think Scandinavian minimalism. M1/M2 stations are all essentially copies, which helped to reduce construction costs.
The design has been well received, with the Forum station receiving the EU prize for contemporary architecture in 2005
On the M3/M4 lines, each station is a carbon copy but has unique color schemes
Copenhagen Metro Costs
Tickets are based on zones just like the rest of Denmark’s transport network. You can buy tickets from machines, on apps, or use the Rejsekort for a discount
The initial M1/M2 lines of the metro were mostly self-funded by the sale of land in Ørsted. But the City Ring and other expansions were funded with money from the Danish and local governments.
Future Plans for the Copenhagen Metro
The M4 line was always built with future expansion in mind. To the north, as Nordhavn grows additional stations can be built, and to the south, a spur to Hvidovre hospital is being considered. A larger proposal would have the line run north to Bispjerg and Emdrup via Valby, the zoo, CBS, and Nørrebro
The approval of the Lynetteholm development has prioritized discussions on how to connect the new district with public transit. Three proposals were drafted, including a simple expansion of M4 past Nordhavn into Lynnetteholm, a new line connecting Østerport and Central Station, and a new line that will run through the city center including Rigshospitalet.
Other plans include a metro between Copenhagen and Malmø.
CHAPTERS
0:00 Intro
0:59 History of Copenhagen Metro
2:44 Using the Copenhagen Metro
3:48 Riding the Rails
4:46 En Mur!
4:49 Copenhagen Metro Station Design
5:25 Future Plans for Copenhagen's Metro
6:37 Final Thoughts
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