Copper sulphate crystallization | Crystallisation | Chemistry

This video introduces the concepts of supersaturation, nucleation and crystallisation. The amount of solute that can dissolve in a liquid, i.e. its solubility, increases with temperature. Up to a point, warming a solution makes it possible to dissolve more salt. Using this idea, heat up a beaker of copper sulphate solution, gradually add copper sulphate and dissolve it. This is called supersaturation, since the solution now holds more salt dissolved in it than is possible at room temperature. As the liquid cools, the additional salt will recrystallize and come out of the solution. By providing a rough surface such as a length of string, a process called nucleation occurs, in which a small amount of salt first settles, then grows into a crystal as more molecules deposit on the site. By the time the solution has cooled to room temperature, all the extra salt dissolved is deposited in crystal form along the length of string.
** Warning: Be careful in handling copper sulphate as it is irritating to the eyes and skin, and also can be harmful if swallowed. **

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The CuSO4 solution was supersaturated when he heated it, added CuSO4 for sometime until no more of it was dissolved. That was the point when the solution was supersaturated. Now, coming to evaporation. Water will start vapourising only if it reaches its boling point. Since the copper sulphate was saturated in it, the boiling point became higher and that's why the water didn't boil. It just evaporated so that the solution becomes capable of dissolving some more copper sulphate. Then, it was left to cool slowly. As you know, solubility of a solid decreases with decrease in temperature. So as the solubility of copper sulphate decreases, the undissolved copper sulphate precipitates out of the solution in the form of crystals on the thread. We suspended the thread in the solution to provide surface for the crystals to grow. Btw, a new subscriber here.❤💚

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I think water don't need boiling point to vaporize. Example leave water in glass outside , it will evaporate eventually and it never reached boiling point

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