Cranial Base (Bones and Anatomical Structures)

In this video, I will explain the anatomical structures observed in the cranial base of a skull model including frontal bone, ethmoid bone (cribriform plate, olfactory foramina, crista galli), sphenoid bone (sphenoidal body, lesser wings, greater wings, tuberculum sellae, hypophyseal fossa, dorsum sellae, sella turcica, superior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum), foramen lacerum, temporal bone )petrous portion, temporal squama, internal acoustic meatus), jugular foramen, occipital bone (foramen magnum, hypoglossal canals, internal occipital protuberance). Also, I will provide examples of neurovascular structures that either pass through the above openings or are attached to the projects, or placed inside the depressions including olfactory nerves (I), optic nerves (II), oculomotor nerves (III), trochlear nerves (IV), trigeminal nerves V (ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular branches), facial nerves (VII), vestibulocochlear nerves (VIII), glossopharyngeal nerves (IX), vagus nerves (X), accessory nerves (XI), hypoglossal nerves (XII), falx cerebri, pituitary gland.