The Global Carbon Cycle: Crash Course Chemistry #46

In this final episode of Crash Course Chemistry, Hank takes us on a tour of The Global Carbon Cycle and how it all works. From Carbon Fixation to Redox Reactions, it's all contained within!
Pssst... we made flashcards to help you review the content in this episode! Find them on the free Crash Course App!
Download it here for Apple Devices: apple.co/3d4eyZo
Download it here for Android Devices: bit.ly/2SrDulJ
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Table of Contents
The Carbon Cycle 0:51
Carbon Fixation 2:55
Cellular & Macroscopic Respiration in Living Things 4:59
Deposition in Limestone & Fossil Fuels 6:27
Redox Reactions Everywhere 4:27
Excessive Use of Fossil Fuels = Possible End of Humanity 7:45
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[@crashcourse]

Pssst... we made flashcards to help you review the content in this episode! Find them on the free Crash Course App! Download it here for Apple Devices: apple.co/3d4eyZo Download it here for Android Devices: bit.ly/2SrDulJ

[@PsychonautTV]

"Awareness isn't the same thing as understanding." - Hank Green, 2014

[@WadcaWymiaru]

Yip. You DO NEED math to prove your state.

[@miahorg]

I'm fairly confident that a definition of success is: Hank wore a t-shirt that I designed in a Crash Course video.

[@kayleehyson136]

I have my AP Chemistry midterm tomorrow, and if it weren't for these videos I would probably fail. Thanks CrashCourse for taking the time to teach the world! :)

[@aur9035]

Oh hey this is the school system on a nutshell

[@trailblazer153]

More organic chemistry and biochemistry please

[@Levipaulsen]

Hell Yes. Btw Hoo'ah.

[@dibasaleh3143]

Will you PLEEEEEAAAASSSSSS make physics crash courses and math(calculus, trig) courses!!!!! Thank you

[@charity4613]

I completely agree with you. please do this, crash course!

[@clayward2840]

+potteristical xxx Physics

[@sharkdavid]

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

[@fullfrontaltubeity]

diba seleh. He can't. Because you can't lie about math. Sorry.

[@Levipaulsen]

For Sure Organic Chemistry

[@Kanrana]

My MCAT is already this weekend and since I graduated with a business undergraduate course, I have little to no background with Organic Chemistry. Having watched your Organic Chemistry series, I have learned so much and even though there's a lot more to it, I'm finally understanding more of the notes I've been reading since I'm learning Org Chem all on my own. Thank you so much for this series!

[@macacephalosaurus]

I took 3 chemistry courses this year, and you all have been a tremendous help. My eyes are getting watery here, knowing that crash course chemistry is over, but I will always be a fan and support in whatever ways I can. Thank you so much!

[@rebeccawood2862]

I'm so pleased that I found this channel! It helps me a lot with school work and is a fun way to revise. The only thing I would say is that he speaks so fast that it's hard to take in all of the information but other than that, I'm really pleased😊

[@FROPDESAI]

Rebecca Wood Why do people always complain that he speaks too fast? I am able to clearly understand each and every word he speaks without even putting much effort into it. And English isn't even my Native language.

[@rebeccawood2862]

I can understand him fine, it's just taking the information in that's the hard part - it goes in one ear and out of the other haha😁 FROP DESAI

[@FROPDESAI]

Rebecca Wood Lol. Ok. Sorry, my bad.

[@rebeccawood2862]

It's fine haha😊 What's your native language then? FROP DESAI

[@FROPDESAI]

My native language is Gujarati.

[@frollard]

I just hung my CC periodic table - I wanted to give it to my niece because it's cute and she could learn from a periodic table with clever creatures on it - but it's too awesome so I'm keeping it for me :) My labcoat is in the mail...apparently... Lastly - I think there should be an order-able diploma we can hang to show that we watched and vaguely understood EVERY episode :D

[@jbintali9490]

@@stevenutter3614 haha.. that was 5 years ago

[@jbintali9490]

@@moisus. yup

[@ericvilas]

Is that a Professor Poliakoff shirt? That's from the "Losing fingers to Chemistry" episode, right?

[@joresvanwensen922]

Congratulations! to all of you who just like me finished this crash course, DFTBA

[@chefkendranguyen]

Carbon is a boss. Good episode, Hank.

[@TheRockybulwinkle]

No, carbon is a tramp :p

[@jackoriley7156]

***** You are made of carbon, therefore you just called yourself a tramp. Well played sir, well played.

[@NWRIBronco6]

Jack O'Riley By your logic the following is true: Carbon is an atom. I'm made of carbon. Therefore, I am an atom. This is a fallacious syllogism. At best you can say that ***** is made of tramps.

[@jackoriley7156]

I took a logic and philosophy course last year so I know, but since TheRockybulwinkle said that carbon is a tramp, which is not logical in any way, I just thought I'd give up logic as well for that comment.

[@TheRockybulwinkle]

I'm referencing the first crash course biology.

[@nels6991]

The cellular respiration equations (around 5:30) are not balanced. The products got switched. Easy mistake, no harm done. Just didn't see it as a comment so there it is.

[@bartonpaullevenson3427]

I noticed that, too.

[@mrchangcooler]

He's wearing Professor Poliakoff :D

[@shankarnarayanan835]

have anyone noticed that the number of views fell down from 2.7 million views in the first video to 466K in this video(almost 63 % decrease). This shows how many people procrastinate important and interesting things like this.

[@beirirangu]

you mixed up the charts in 5:18 and 5:26 CH₂O₂+O₂→6CO₂+6H₂O+ENERGY C₆H₁₂O₆+6O₂→CO₂+H₂O+ENERGY

[@XpertPilotFSX]

HE'S WEARING A SHIRT WITH THE PROFESSOR ON IT!

[@eh8164]

Martyn Poliakoff

[@aryanshetty6536]

Crash Course chemistry , is the best way to learn and revise , all i hope is they come up with Crash Course Chemistry Season 2. :D

[@kosmar]

Sry, got distracted by professor p's hair

[@danieltsmoke]

That farting moose animation just made my night :]

[@jakegreenhalgh6253]

I started my year in chemistry predicted a D, now thanks to crash course my teacher thinks i will get an A, please don't let it end!!!

[@TechLaboratories]

Great summary of the Carbon Cycle. BUT - octane is not the main ingredient in gasoline. The octane rating is a rating system based on the combustion of pure isooctane to give a scale for gasoline autoignition pressure. In fact it is possible to change a gasoline's octane rating without actually changing its octane or isooctane content. Gasoline is hugely varied in its hydrocarbon content, and can vary significantly from vendor to vendor as to its exact composition so long as the energy contained per unit volume remains according to national standards.

[@yousef.al-assaf]

Thank God KZbin has the 0.5 and 0.25 speed options... Hahaha Great video as always!

[@turdl38]

Yay! I work in psych, so this kind of thing is kinda fun. Not that I want to work with this patient population long-term, but I do enjoy learning about it. Plus, there are a LOT of nerdfighters who have anxiety and other mental "issues," so hopefully this will help us to all understand each other better.

[@ze_rubenator]

Is that professor Poliakoff on your t-shirt?

[@deldrinov]

Exactly what I thought! :D

[@Todesnuss]

Yea from the video on periodicvideos where he talks about someone losing two fingers or something and then does that gesture which looks like metal horns or the mano cornuta, which is a good thing, at least to me.

[@kennyp23]

@tyler s...my information comes from the AR4 Working Group 1 technical documents of the IPCC. I have not worked my way through the whole AR 5 doc yet, but CO2 has a fixed heating value. It is not some zombie compound that makes bad things happen.

[@voveve]

Why Psychology before Physics??!?!?!?!?

[@voveve]

Jonah Stalknecht But none of that channel has a beginning-to-end course on Physics!

[@dangerouslytalented]

probably because they know more about psychology than physics.

[@LanttuLoL]

Yea but crash course doesn't want to step on anyone's toes, besides there hasn't been many videos on psycology on youtube that I know of so I for one am eagerly expecting this.

[@Wafflical]

LanttuLoL Yeah, I wonder what happened to PsyPhile

[@Pattersonian]

Hank has stated that he doesn't feel he knows enough about physics to teach it yet.

[@Ral9284]

*Calentamiento Global y el Ciclo del Carbono explicados.* Básicamente la atmósfera atrapa más energía del sol sin poder dejarla escapar, y si sabes que un sistema adquiere más energía, va a "ocupar la" en algo. Como en más tormentas más violentas, nevadas más fuertes y largas, etcétera, etcétera, etcétera. Bueno, más de todo en términos de lo que puede suceder en la atmósfera.

[@NikolajLepka]

A Poliakoff shirt! :D

[@MrRoboskippy]

Thanks for the great video Hank. I totally want a Professor Poliakoff shirt.

[@nolanthiessen895]

You can find it here: dftba.com/product/14y/The-Professor-Shirt

[@rosiekr901]

speed 0.75 thank me later

[@PeterGravelle]

So glad to see Hank in a shirt with Professor Poliakoff from PerodicVideos!

[@chandrakantshelar873]

Mr.Green,Mr.Green! I think its the right time to start studying about the dominant species of the periodic table.I mean to say 'METALS and METALLURGY', isn't it?

[@Forggggg]

At 1:43 when he said "Heat" the captions said "Head" and I died laughing because I imagined a massive durpy face floating through space! HAHAHHAHAHHAHAHHAHAHHA!

[@jfuqua79]

Thank you so much for this course, it makes me sad that it's over, it's been awesome.

[@AvielMenter]

I and others have really been looking forward to a physics crash course, but in the absence of that, psychology sounds like a great idea.

[@romantheflash]

This series was great, never really learnt chemistry well before and this really helped me. Thank you Hank and team :D

[@leoliu6450]

I wish there was also Crash Course Computer Science and Crash Course Calculus

[@tanyay1073]

Yeah!! Computer Science 😁

[@katherinethomas3654]

There is now. Crash Course computer science.

[@rafayajmal1839]

There is now

[@adambrian1969]

Alright I have a question to ask Hank. It is to do with electrolysis. I want to know, when using electrolysis to separate Hydrogen and Oxygen what is the best way to break the bonds without contaminating the elements? and then by way of combustion to recombine them. I am basically curious if one can make a closed system where say 1 litre of Oxygen and 2 litres of Hydrogen can be broken down and recombined over and over again without introducing any impurities?

[@VolcomStunnaDC]

You guys should do a physics crash course! Please!:)

[@manasmandal3349]

I truly love crash course chemistry I am an 8th grader and I think I just learned college level chemistry. Hank is the best.

[@CorruptReaper]

PSYCHOLOGY!?!?!?!?! YOU GUYS ARE DOING PSYCHOLOGY!!!! *Little Dance*

[@wadewilson1728]

9:10 - No Way! Captain Planet!

[@wafflewarble2980]

HE'S A HERO

[@ROBLOXowns]

I do want that periodic table...

[@millerfrances2441]

It explains clearly but wen it wil last longer it becomes boring.

[@adelaximenag.r786]

Dear Hank, First of all, many many thanks for this marvelous video. I have to say, it has helped me tremendously in the understanding of a certain matter I am deeply concerned about and it also has helped me link several unattached concepts in my head. Also, I wish I had discovered Crash Course when I was in high school, it would have helped me inmensly, either way I love the way you and team make the topic introduction so easy to understand and of course, the beautiful graphics of Thought Café and the sound team :') Million thanks from a quite slow College Student.

[@TheDanksNewGroove]

Periodic Table of Videos shirt ftw

[@jasperlai]

A set of 118 shirts would be awesome.

[@georgeking7438]

I know you guys are doing civics, astronomy, physiology and economics next year, but maybe in 2016 could you do a series on particle physics?

[@lofi-gurl]

Aw I was really hoping for physics. But psychology is interesting I guess..

[@ninjabreadgirl]

physics would've been awesome!!!!

[@mustyHead6]

are you alive....... just asking

[@ok3892]

LonelyStranger probably

[@whitedove2596]

Thank you for all the information. I watch these at work while doing data entry stuff and it is the most rewarding part of my job to attain knowledge. This was a fun course, and I appreciate it, Hank Sensei. Now time to do a 2 week/ 6 episodes a day refresher before bio and A&P. You guys are awesome. Thank you. Keep it up.

[@stevehawk2025]

Crashcourse physics!!!

[@HeyLady2319]

I paused this video at 0:52 when he blinked and I... just... can't lol :'D

[@riqy45]

can you do crash course physics? i love it, if you can do that

[@vickane721]

Excellent series. Thank you from a High School chemistry teacher.

[@vasko002]

Hank, please, we need Crash Course Physics.

[@abbuk8477]

hi i am a fan have watched all your videos for bio chem and phys 5 times

[@Jontman42]

The shirt.

[@akil]

3:02-3:30 - THE CARBON CYCLE IN 30 SECONDS!!

[@zezo69]

why did it end?

[@napillnik]

Warming reduces the capacity to dilute carbon dioxide. At a slightly higher temperature, the oceans will start releasing more carbon dioxide. Kind of like a positive feedback cybernetic system.

[@josephmcdaniel9644]

I would also be curious to see what the increased amount of fresh water from the melting caps would do to the oceans capacity to dilute the CO2.

[@TonboIV]

Is that... Martyn Poliakoff?

[@arathisuraj856]

No!! Not the end! I loved this course. It was an essential part of me........... But I have recently become interested in psychology, weird that a course comes up when I need it! :) BTW, Please make a Crash Course Physics!!! I don't want Crash Course Chemistry to end! :-( I'm going to watch this all over. Again. I'm only 13 and look at the effect this course had on me! I'm a prodigy now!!

[@trojan88tm]

yo Carbon i'ma let you finish and all but Oxygen is the best element of all time... ALL TIME!

[@flynnthetrashbin8274]

Lmao still funny 5 years later

[@TheXxkornmunkyx666]

I did good in chemistry until we got to working with moles or however they are spelled. I just couldn't figure out how to work with them.

[@Kelse431]

PLEASE DO PHYSICS

[@alyssabenson3444]

Isn't the products side of the chemical equation at 5:19 wrong? And at 5:25? Shouldn't the products side of the equation at 5:19 be switched with the one at 5:25? Or am I understanding this wrong?

[@tomtomed1]

Will there ever be crash course maths?

[@thedominomaster101]

Or crash course physics

[@ronniedark]

thedominomaster101 www.khanacademy.org/ Try it out, its free and it's awesome :-)

[@thedominomaster101]

i have but its hard to do that while still having school and/or homework

[@kendo512]

CH2O isn't a "thing"!? That's formaldehyde, sir!

[@xoom1712]

Well yes, but in that case CH2O is actually referring to glucose, as C12H6O12 is the molecular formula for it, while CH2O is the empirical formula for it.

[@mr0myster]

I guess the more adequate notation would have been (CH2O)n

[@kendo512]

Jason Brody Thanks, I'm aware - I was just being a pedant.

[@Buildologyy]

Jason Brody uhhhhh i think you mean glucose is C6H12O6

[@aronious291]

i think niyaz is right.

[@NaderRaafat]

CRASH COURSE PSYCHOLOGY?!?!?!?!? :O :O That made my day! Heck no, my whole week!!!!!!!! Hank, you're awesome, I can't wait!

[@RoscoeKane]

5:20 CH2O2 should be CH2O right?

[@roxcaz]

C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy

[@gh0stmast3r]

also that martin poliakov t-shirt is BOSS!!!!

[@DamKaKaDaNi]

Never stop caring, I like that ^^

[@reaperking8553]

I like the captain planet reference towards the end there XD

[@Drilldowntofacts]

With that well said the solution to our ever increasing CO2 volumes is to raise more gardens and drive less. If we had more gardens we would drive less to the jobs because food would be our number 1 provision already taken care of right outside our doors within walking distance. PICK AND EAT! More trees means more O2 produced and more absorption of CO2.

[@niffer08]

I'm so freaking excited for Crash Course: Psychology! My passion is psychology and I'm so looking forward to these videos. I'm already excited for the day I can use them for my future classes!

[@olliethurlow5582]

He talks way too fast 😂😹

[@samhithginjupalli8752]

This is supposed to be a review and you can decrease the speed if you want.

[@linuxd]

That's why there's a rewind button. Lol

[@samuelfeder9764]

love the video! (and the shirt! ;) ) But unfortunately you made a small mistake at 5:19: You put the two sixes at the right side of the 'equation' in the first 'equation' however they should have been in the glucose version...

[@MozillaVulpix]

Why is this comment section full of climate change sceptics?

[@nustada]

Maybe because of all the morons who think there was a time when climate did not change.

[@tytube3001]

because they don't have a uni to go to

[@theultimatereductionist7592]

Because cuntservaturds hate hearing hard reality & hard necessary truths. They want to live in their fantasy bubble where there exist no consequences to anything, to any of their habits.

[@aWhittyRanger]

My first CrashCourse. Amazing! I interpret climate change for a national park and this really helped improve my understanding of carbon.

[@CookiesMsp]

he speaks so fast I sneezed and missed the whole cycle...

[@raw7504]

True

[@raw7504]

They should have an option to make him go slow

[@CookiesMsp]

xD ikr

[@thomasonefoot]

Set video to 0.5x speed

[@stefaniak8875]

I wanted to learn about biogeochemical cycles and this was really helpful, thank you for delivering!

[@chuchuchanson]

Is this actually interesting for anybody who understands this?

[@LordRaegune]

Sure! Why not?

[@garouHH]

While I haven't really learned anything new from this video, the whole topic of the carbon cycle and it being out of whack in recent centuries is not only interesting and fascinating to me, but also incredibly scary.

[@deliciousbutter6077]

It's not that difficult to figure out.

[@skaduskitai8721]

I thought the limestone factoid was interesting.

[@emile8197]

I study this kind of science in school. However, I like to watch it. It helps reinforce what I already knew. Haha

[@taylorkohls5268]

Any plans to do playlists for Organic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, or BioChemistry? That'd be awesome.

[@jiberish001]

While I love this channel, and mostly like this video, I'm finding it hard to actually 'like' the video. You failed to explain properly the different types of cycles and how their cyclical rates vary. Most importantly you failed to explain why this is important for the whole fossil fuel issue, being part of one cycle that does not naturally bleed into the other so quickly, as we are making it do. I feel that the way you lumped them together will lead people to believe that there is far less of a danger than is actually there. The relevant importance of this makes me very disappointed, Hank. >:(

[@LCPLRAMOS1203]

Could you make a video explaining the Ice Age cycles as well as how Global Warming and Ice Ages are linked? I would find it very interesting.

[@chewyshoey]

How pointless. Ending chemistry when you just barely covered any of O-chem.

[@nolanthiessen895]

These courses typically are aimed at grade 12 or first year university level. That's about as far as any of most grade school or intro level chemistry's in university went, so it made sense to stop there.

[@Kaihlik]

These are American AP courses so if you want to know what they cover and what topics they are going to cover in future then just Google AP courses.

[@Mobius14]

CRASH COURSE. Not Full Course. Go take an AP class if you want to know that stuff.

[@fmar105]

It's a general chemistry sequence. It basically covered (though in much less detail) my first year of chemistry at college.

[@oliviaadel594]

.hey crash course team . can a biochemistry course be made soon enough ? . i would be very greateful for this

[@vilmalapha7901]

YOU TALK TOO FAST THIS IS IMPOSSIBLE I GIVE UP

[@elaineandjohn9599]

Nice shout out to Professor Poliakoff! And well done as usual Hank. Thank you.

[@tantibusdraws6165]

Over the course of the past two weeks or so, I have watched this Chemistry series almost religiously. Watching 3 to 4 episodes per day.....I know just as much about chemistry now as when I first started. Very confusing subject.

[@ThirdHandTV]

I didn't know any chemistry before this channel but now I'm like a chem genius. World history next please!!!

[@nolanthiessen895]

Crashcourse already has a World History series.

[@ThirdHandTV]

***** Ah I see them now, thanks

[@laurawilson8646]

Would you ever do a series on the earth sciences (geology, climate, ocean systems, atmospheric systems, physical geography etc etc)?

[@alexindustries44]

Awesome man big inspiration, help a lot i didnt understand chemistry and i thought it was boring, now im excited. ill try to make a good use of this understanding to do a better world

[@mzGLEElvr]

I'm taking AP Psych next year. CrashCourse Psychology sounds really useful about now.

[@Akwardtothemax]

this is exactly why understanding science is important.

[@reifyr]

Those electrical glass insulators on the table... looks like a Brookfield and a Hemingray, possibly model 42.

[@sausten8830]

The chemistry course is fantastic! Are you going to make a chemistry course 2 sometime? That would be amazing. I learn so much an it's also in a very fun and interesting way!

[@MIQofDMC]

Sixty Symbols shirt? Looks like from the episode where he quoted "I had a *hand* in this reaction".

[@hudhayfahfaiz4524]

I loved ur lessons. I wish u become famous at studying. Please make crash course of biology and physics

[@SDKThe8God]

I love you man. Just watched CrashCourse History and went on (after hours of procrastination) to do some biology and look and theres a crashcourse video on the topic and its moderated by MY MAN JOHN GREEN :)))