How Did Plants Evolve?: Crash Course Botany #6

[@crashcourse]

The answer to the extra credit question is… a tomatillo! What ingredients would you add to make the perfect salsa verde?

[@AliensEatPeople]

I member, ummm member the seeds? I member.

[@misanthropichumanist4782]

Green chilies (jalapeños or seranos), garlic, onion, cilantro, salt, pepper, lime juice.

[@BearsThatCare]

So how did the first organism with a chloroplast inside of it pass down this ability? I get how the first chloroplast came to be but not how it became a part of the other being's evolution. I'm a recent environmental science grad and I never understood this part.

[@clusterfer]

Tomacco!!!

[@marcusmisherky4962]

I love how Alexis is always giddy and excited to talk about plants😅🥰🥰keep slayin bestie🌺

[@BrandonPhilips]

My 6yo loves this series and so do I. Thank you for creating such an entertaining and useful program!

[@austinbrown709]

Thanks!

[@skunkyraccoon7572]

I love these videos!! Also the butterfly clip Alexis is wearing is amazing I love how moves! It flutters!! I was kind of having a not great time today, but this made me feel much better!!

[@tripendicular]

This host is AMAZING. I’ve learned so much. She’s funny and witty too. ❤

[@Tomagotchiify]

I’m so happy that we got botany crash course! now i can show my friends how to grow

[@Aquanios08]

I adore Alexis and all of the other hosts PBS has for their crash courses! Much love to Uncle Hank and John 💕

[@akipolies]

I wish Hank and John were my uncles. That'd be a cool family to be in

[@TwistedSoul2002]

Perfect timing!! I was thinking about this the other day! I was thinking that plants must have looked very different before they evolved to produce chlorophyll in abundance, or colours to attract insects to help with pollination. Can’t wait to watch!

[@rainglade]

obessed with this series

[@TheNadOby]

Really like this course. Nod to Hank and John was neat.

[@pvtpain66k]

"Some times they mate with themselves instead" I can make my own FLOWERS!! shove my roots though the sand talk to myself for hours see things you don't understand

[@marwald8358]

This girl makes science so interesting. Thank you. Keep going ❤

[@wezul]

"And by family, we mean Kingdom" - Yall are my kind of people and I appreciate this line so much.

[@Roaming_Barbie]

So cool you are hosting this Alexis

[@BearsThatCare]

So how did the first organism with a chloroplast inside of it pass down this ability? I get how the first chloroplast came to be but not how it became a part of the other being's evolution. I'm a recent environmental science grad and I never understood this part.

[@poisonedfrog]

GREAT question!

[@jonathanbyrdmusic]

She’s is the best.

[@nekrataali]

Her voice is really familiar, does she do voice work in animation?

[@barbarajeanne8351]

I always enjoy your classes! ❤thank you

[@Davlavi]

Informative as always.

[@honor9lite1337]

Yeaaahhh!!! Plant!!!!! 😊😊😊

[@annie5247]

Love all your videos so much!

[@TheImpossibleCube]

LUV THIS!!!

[@grizzerotwofour7858]

I couldn't stop staring at her butterfly hairclip. I now know what cats feel like

[@benjaminb6678]

I was just wondering how plants evolved yesterday. Y’all read my mind!!

[@NinaDmytraczenko]

Honestly jealous of plants, I want an infinite snack too :(

[@KD3Lady4Ever]

Onion ? Great video Alexis, I really enjoyed it.Thanks Uncle Hank, Uncle John, AuntHeather🌱🌱🌱🌿

[@Adephonsus]

You are my favorite host in Crash Course, and they are all likable.

[@johnzeegler8641]

Cool narration 😊😂

[@wmiu85]

Alexis, I love you! I'm enlightened and enchanted by your wit and charm in only five minutes of watching your video! Thank you for making it so clear and funny!!! Wish me good luck for my exam today 😂

[@CassandraCovers]

Love this!

[@MrKevb1540]

Do they evolve at roughly at the same speed as animals or faster? Also, there is "selective breeding" which is how we turned grass into corn. That was done purposely by humans.

[@nekrataali]

AFAIK all life evolves at a speed equal to how long it takes for it to reproduce and how much genetic deviation occurs withing that species. So a radish will germinate in 5 days, Driver Ants will reproduce in 25 days, and a Saguaro cactus will take years. All of these evolved from their common ancestors slower than the Tuatara, which (despite its slow rate of growth and reproduction rate) had a lot of genetic diversity among its common ancestors.

[@rhianbeam1766]

So what I'm getting here, is that we are plants.

[@slotho122]

Uncle Hank and Uncle John. I see what you did there.

[@rishiraj2548]

Thanks

[@dhananjaysawant4646]

I look at the thumbnail and think: I’ve already watched a video on endosymbiosis

[@garethdean6382]

I have a serious question; mitochondria and chloroplasts are always presented as undigested meals. What's the evidence for this as opposed to a more symbiotic arrangement? Surely that would be more likely?

[@timoteusfeik5851]

Well, they are inside the cells, wrapped in membrane of the host cell, that clearly indicates endocytosis. Back then symbiosis, let alone endosymbiosis didn't really exist, so endocytotsis=meal. Cell didn't know that a symbiotic realtionship might be benificial, so there's no reason to think they weren't about to absolutely devour those little cyanobacteria. Something happened, they formed an alliance, the rest is history :)

[@tamsims1968]

Are there recessive aliels? So even if it was.2 big c's if it had a little c somewhere in the past it could.give a little c?

[@zerofragment3417]

So are all aquatic plants actually algae?

[@platyhystrixs7326]

No. Some terrestrial plants gradually returned to water. Like lilly-pads for example.

[@mat9813004]

The phylogeny diagram was useful.

[@soyjakchud]

crash course wildin ☠️

[@Zahri8Alang]

MatPat everytime the Punette Square comes into play in their theories; MUSIC- MAAAN

[@laprankster3264]

So this means that the common ancestor of all eukaryotes was likely a heterotrophic archaea (eukaryotes are believed to be more closely related to archaea than to bacteria).

[@ehrenloudermilk1053]

Youre so smart and fun. I want to pick your brain over tea

[@bananaforscale1283]

8:50 Doesn't fruit need to be eaten and pooped out somewhere else? That would enhance survivability, not hinder it.

[@JohnYoungcook72]

Cool

[@CuriousIndianGuy]

1000th like y'all 😁

[@Shattered0Platinum]

Getting flashbacks seeing all the stock footage of unhealthy tomatoes.

[@Queen1001N]

Even though it’s because of cyanobacteria we have plants, we also almost DIDN’T have plants or other forms of life because of cyanobacteria.

[@voiceofREASONS]

“We know that this happened” 😂

[@samwill7259]

The tornado really liked red tomatoes, who are you to judge?

[@urmwhynot]

Are you the vegan forager?

[@XRaym]

I thought what you call Natural Selection was just fitness, and every thing else random mutation, gene flow etc) with fitness all under the Natural Selection umbrella ? as opposite to artificial selection (human made). Maybe depends on the context.

[@marcusmoan]

Uncle Hank and Uncle John!

[@namanyadav7432]

😊

[@CrabbyBacon]

W VIDEO

[@modman287]

My guess is its an ancestor to the pepper on how it looks, but i also want to say potatoe.

[@sklanman]

the Big Seal Eel

[@greglane501]

How?

[@SceneKween027]

ALEXIS!!!😊

[@Life_42]

I love her energy!

[@igallagher4]

I member do you member?

[@lauraescobar9159]

I guess it was a tomatoooo 🍅

[@seese9456]

First!

[@striatic]

How did the host cells begin to replicate and distribute the ingested Cyanobacteria among their descendant cells? I kept waiting for this process to be explained but got a basic, not particularly plant specific, primer on evolution instead.

[@platyhystrixs7326]

Chloroplasts kept the capability of mitosis. Btw its the same with mitochondria. Both chloroplasts and mitochonddria are much smaller, so there is a lot of them in the "host" cell. After the host cell divides each daughter cell has some of the original semi-autonome organelles which can repopulate them again, and so on and so on.

[@samucamma3957]

During cell reproduction cloroplast reproduce themself through binary fission and half of the new organelles goes with one of the 2 daughter cell

[@Princex2000]

Everyone who likes this video should play the card game doomlings

[@Mr_Wallet]

You shouldn't state that natural selection isn't random; natural selection is extremely random! More specifically, it's _probabilistic,_ meaning there's tendencies in the randomness. A whole class of anti-evolution arguments are based on straw-manning evolution as a deterministic process, and then pointing out that we don't observe such a process.

[@samuelzev4076]

Don’t plants also evolve from microbes that have been brought to earth by falling meteorites in the form of panspermia?

[@AndrewTBP]

There is no evidence for this hypothesis.

[@aryankandimalla9771]

First

[@justtrolin]

1st?! shhhweet..

[@larkohiya]

The tornado was not random.

[@DandySprat]

Can I be you when I grow up?

[@pyeitme508]

Ww

[@adrianjonesyr7837]

First